Froth-flotation reagents for coal: Distillation fractions of commercial oils and some simple phenolic compounds

Inorganic electrolytes present in the process water used during froth flotation may have both beneficial and detrimental effects. These effects are said to be ion specific, as some ions may result in enhanced froth stability, increased mineral recoveries and decreased concentrate grades, while others may bring the opposite effects. Onsite process water quality variations have intensified the need to understand the relationship between inorganic electrolytes and flotation reagents on flotation performance. The use of mixtures of thiol collectors in sulfide flotation is a common practice across the globe; however, very few investigations have considered these in process waters of varying compositions. This study considers the effect of common cations, Na+ and Ca2+, in process water on the behavior of mixtures of thiol collectors. Single-salt solutions of NaCl and CaCl2 at an ionic strength of 0.0213 mol·dm−3 were used to investigate the behavior of mixtures of two thiol collectors. These were carefully selected to understand how mixtures of thiol collectors behave in the presence of a monovalent cation versus a polyvalent cation. Bench-scale froth flotation tests were conducted using a Cu-Ni-PGM ore from the Merensky Reef. The results have shown that the divalent cation, Ca2+, resulted in higher %Cu and %Ni recoveries at all collector mixtures compared to the monovalent cation, Na+. The concentrate grades were, however, slightly compromised, as slightly more gangue reported to the concentrate in the presence of Ca2+. This behavior is attributed to the effect of polyvalent cations on bubble coalescence and froth stability.

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An approach to the evaluation of froth flotation reagents based on the use of the SWARA and WS-PLP methods

Mining and Metallurgy Engineering Bor ◽

10.5937/mmeb1704103s ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 103-110

Author(s):

Dragiša Stanujkić ◽

Dragan Milanović ◽

Srđana Magdalinović ◽

Ivana Jovanović

Keyword(s):

Froth Flotation ◽

Flotation Reagents

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FROTH FLOTATION OF RUBBER AND RESIN COMPONENTS OF MILKWEED AND OTHER PLANTS THAT CONTAIN RESINS, RUBBER, BALATA, OR RELATED GUMMY SUBSTANCES

Canadian Journal of Research ◽

10.1139/cjr43b-026 ◽

1943 ◽

Vol 21b (10) ◽

pp. 195-201 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wm. T. Turrall ◽

H. Smedley ◽

J. Klassen

Keyword(s):

Ball Milling ◽

Chemical Treatment ◽

Froth Flotation ◽

Plant Materials ◽

Flotation Reagents ◽

Flotation Agents ◽

Wild Lettuce ◽

Flotation Method

Application of the froth flotation methods used in mineral dressing operations to the separation of rubber–resin fractions of milkweed offers hope of placing the extraction of such plant materials on a continuous rather than a batch basis. When the flotation method was used, no chemical treatment or flotation agents were necessary for the separation of rubber–resin from milkweed, though additional flotation reagents were found necessary for some other plants. The rubber–resin components of all plants studied, namely, milkweed, dogbane, goat's-beard, sow thistle, and wild lettuce, were successfully concentrated.Under favourable conditions rubber–resins may not agglomerate during ball-milling; in some instances the flotation method can be used for the separation of the dispersed rubber–resin.

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Froth Flotation Beneficiation a Sure Way to Value Addition to Arufu (Nigeria) Zinc Ore Towards Smelting Grade Concentrate Production

European Journal of Engineering Research and Science ◽

10.24018/ejers.2020.5.5.1933 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 622-625

Author(s):

Oladunni Oyelola Alabi ◽

Olanrewaju Rotimi Bodede ◽

Taiwo Paul Popoola

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Separation Efficiency ◽

Froth Flotation ◽

Compositional Analysis ◽

Appreciable Amount ◽

Particle Sizes ◽

Flotation Reagents ◽

Standard Requirement ◽

Concentrate Grade ◽

A Charge

Froth flotation of Arufu ore was carried out at varying particle sizes after characterization. Fifty (50) kilogram crude sample of the ore was sourced from Arufu zinc mine in Arufu town of Nassarawa state, Nigeria. The whole sample was crushed out of which five (5) kilogram was sampled out using random sampling method. One kilogram each of the resulting sample was then ground and sieved to three particle sizes viz; 63 µm, 90 µm and 125 µm. Chemical analysis of the representative sample of the sourced ore was carried out using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (ED –XRF). 250 grams of the 63 µm sample was charged into Froth flotation cell mixed with water at a ratio of 1:4 to form slurry. The Slurry formed was condition to a pH of 9, while other froth flotation reagents were added one after the other. This resulted in froth and depressed samples, which were dewatered after 24 hours and samples picked for compositional analysis. The procedure was repeated for 90 µm and 125 µm. The characterization of head sample revealed that the ore contains predominantly 36.80%ZnO (26.29% Zn), 31.1 % SiO2 alongside other trace mineral as gangue in the ore. However, Froth flotation studies of the ore at varying particle size revealed that, appreciable amount of mineral of interest (ZnO) was lost to the tailing at sieve sizes 63 µm and 90 µm. This was attributed to over-grinding above the ore’s liberation size phenomenon which has been proven to have adverse effect on the mineral’s quality and overall separation efficiency. It was concluded that the froth flotation is best carried out at a particle size of 125 µm, pH of 9, using potassium ethyl xanthate (PEX) as frother to yield concentrate grade of 50.21 % ZnO (35.93 % Zn) at a recovery of 46.3%. This was re – cleaned to yield high grade of 82.36%ZnO (66.42%Zn). The re – cleaned concentrate produced falls within the standard requirement of 65 % Zn needed as a charge into the blast furnace for Zinc metal production.

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Recovery of Fine Cassiterite from Tin Tailings Slime by Froth Flotation

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.3478 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 634-638 ◽

pp. 3478-3483 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhuo Yue Lan ◽

Yong Cheng Zhou ◽

Xiong Tong

Keyword(s):

Fine Particles ◽

Froth Flotation ◽

Eastern China ◽

Mineral Processing ◽

Laboratory Scale ◽

Processing Plant ◽

Flotation Reagents ◽

Flotation Process ◽

South Eastern

Tin gravity slime tailings of Datun mineral processing plant in south-eastern China contains fine and ultrafine cassiterite. Tin recovery from the slime tailings was studies in the presence of different flotation reagents. A flotation process has been used on a laboratory scale to investigate the effect of various reagents such as collectors, auxiliary collector, activators, ect., and theirs dosages in neutral flotation environment. To reach an optimum tin recovery, different dosages of the reagents were also studied. Due to cassiterite is friable and a large amount of fines and slimes were generated. Usually de-sliming is used to prevent slime coating and to increase the recovery of tin. However, analyses have shown that fine particles in the sample mostly contain tin, thus de-sliming was not suggested. By applying the process, ultrafine cassiterite can be efficiently recovered from the tailings slime by one rougher process, and the concentrate assaying 1.20% Sn with a recovery of 89.10% was obtained.

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Froth Flotation of Rubber and Resin Components of Milkweed and Other Plants That Contain Resins, Rubber, Balata, or Related Gummy Substances

Rubber Chemistry and Technology ◽

10.5254/1.3546671 ◽

1944 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 524-528

Author(s):

Wm T. Turrall ◽

J. Klassen ◽

H. Smedley

Keyword(s):

Specific Gravity ◽

Ball Milling ◽

Early Stage ◽

Froth Flotation ◽

Continuous Process ◽

Waste Material ◽

Flotation Reagents ◽

Wild Lettuce ◽

Flotation Treatment ◽

Flotation Method

Abstract Some of the more important features of froth flotation in the separation of rubber-resin from milkweed and other plants are summarized as follows. 1. It removes the bulk of the waste material at an early stage of the operation. 2. In the flotation of the rubber-resin component from milkweed, no additional flotation reagents are needed to cause a separation, but they have been found necessary in the flotation treatment of some other plants. 3. The grade and the recovery of the rubber-resin fractions appear to depend on the size of the agglomerates. 4. Agglomeration of the rubber-resin fraction takes place during ball-milling only when certain conditions are favorable, e.g., density and alkalinity. If conditions are not favorable, the rubber-resin remains fine and well dispersed. Flotation on such a product results in the separation of a rubber-resin fraction. 5. It is not necessary to take the specific gravity of the rubber-resin components into consideration. 6. The flotation method is applicable to the concentration of the rubber-resin components from such plants as milkweed, dogbane, goat's-beard, sow thistle, wild lettuce, and possibly many other plants, with or without the use of chemicals. 7. It presents the possibility of a continuous process of rubber-resin extraction from plants.

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Evaluation of the Possibility of the Hard Coal Sludge Enrichment by Flotation

10.21203/rs.3.rs-127361/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Joanna Całus Moszko ◽

Krzysztof Wierzchowski ◽

Agnieszka Klupa

Keyword(s):

Froth Flotation ◽

Diesel Oil ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Hard Coal ◽

Flotation Reagents ◽

Thermal Output ◽

Operation Method ◽

Thermal Coal ◽

Multiple Operation ◽

And Control

Abstract Coal sludges are the smallest fraction of post-mining waste. Their grain size is less than 1 mm, and most grains have size below 60 μm. These wastes are mainly separated from the water-sludge circulations of the mines. Coal sludges are generally characterized by worse quality parameters in relation to the coal grades produced by mines. The fight against smog and the more stringent provisions in this area make it possible to monitor and control the quality of solid fuels, with particular emphasis on fuels directed for use in households and combustion plants with a rated thermal output of less than 1 MW which eliminated from the municipal and living market the coal sludges and post-flotation wastes containing less than 85% of hard coal, which are nuisance materials in the development process and their separation from the water-sludge circulation and dewatering requires many technological operations. The publication presents results of laboratory tests on the determination of conditions and possibilities of coal recovery from thermal coal sludges with an ash content of about 64%, using the froth flotation method. The experiments were conducted using a single operation method (fractional flotation) and a multiple operation method (main flotation, cleaning flotation). The tests were carried out using three types of the flotation reagents: standard (reference): ON MBIC (mixture consisting of diesel oil ON and 2-ethylhexanol OKT), specialized: Centroflot and proprietary: Klim III (non-ionic surfactants, auxiliary agents in a form of block copolymer of propylene and ethylene oxide and wetting additives, 2-ethylhexanol and a mixture of dioxane alcohols) to obtain the optimal concentrate.

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