Physiological properties as taxonomic feature in classification of actinomycetes

1962 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-230
Author(s):  
V. D. Kuznetsov ◽  
N. M. Lyaghina ◽  
E. I. Sorokina
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Taxonomic Feature

scholarly journals Double Vision Is a Major Manifestation in Moderate to Severe Graves' Orbitopathy, but It Correlates Negatively With Inflammatory Signs and Proptosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 2098-2105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Laurberg ◽  
Dalia C. Berman ◽  
Inge Bülow Pedersen ◽  
Stig Andersen ◽  
Allan Carlé
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Double Vision ◽  
Binocular Fusion ◽  
Binocular Field ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Patient Variables ◽  
Graves Orbitopathy ◽  
The University

Abstract Context: Double vision (diplopia) is a major determinant of work disability in patients with Graves' orbitopathy (GO), but is not part of the classification NOSPECS classification of GO. Objective: The objectives of the study were to quantitate diplopia in patients with moderate to severe GO and to study associations with other disease and patient variables. Design: This was a single-center prospective study of consecutive patients at the time of referral. Setting: The study was conducted at the University Hospital Thyroid-Eye Clinic. Patients: Patients included 216 patients diagnosed with moderate to severe and active GO. Main Outcome Measures: Binocular diplopia in field of gaze and monocular fields of motility were prospectively recorded on diagrams and measured by planimetry. Fields of diplopia were correlated to other disease and patient variables. Results: Six patients had only one functional eye and were excluded. Among the remaining 210 patients, diplopia was present in 75.2%. In patients with diplopia, this ranged from 5% to 100% (observed in 11.4% of patients) of binocular field of gaze. The field of diplopia correlated positively with eye motility restriction and with asymmetrical affection of orbits but negatively with signs of inflammation and proptosis that often are the main outcome measures in clinical studies of GO therapy. Conclusion: Diplopia is very common in moderate to severe GO and a major cause for active therapy. In moderate to severe GO, the field of diplopia correlates negatively with some other indicators of disease activity, which may be explained by the physiological properties of binocular fusion.

scholarly journals Alternative classifications of neurons based on physiological properties and synaptic responses, a computational study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferenc Hernáth ◽  
Katalin Schlett ◽  
Attila Szücs
Keyword(s):  
Computational Study ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Current Step ◽  
Synaptic Inputs ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Cell Type Specific

Abstract One of the central goals of today’s neuroscience is to achieve the conceivably most accurate classification of neuron types in the mammalian brain. As part of this research effort, electrophysiologists commonly utilize current clamp techniques to gain a detailed characterization of the neurons’ physiological properties. While this approach has been useful, it is not well understood whether neurons that share physiological properties of a particular phenotype would also operate consistently under the action of natural synaptic inputs. We approached this problem by simulating a biophysically diverse population of model neurons based on 3 generic phenotypes. We exposed the model neurons to two types of stimulation to investigate their voltage responses under conventional current step protocols and under simulated synaptic bombardment. We extracted standard physiological parameters from the voltage responses elicited by current step stimulation and spike arrival times descriptive of the model’s firing behavior under synaptic inputs. The biophysical phenotypes could be reliably identified using classification based on the ‘static’ physiological properties, but not the interspike interval-based parameters. However, the model neurons associated with the biophysically different phenotypes retained cell type specific features in the fine structure of their spike responses that allowed their accurate classification.

scholarly journals The Prokaryote-Eukaryote Dichotomy: Meanings and Mythology

2005 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Sapp
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Natural Classification ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
The 1960S

SUMMARY Drawing on documents both published and archival, this paper explains how the prokaryote-eukaryote dichotomy of the 1960s was constructed, the purposes it served, and what it implied in terms of classification and phylogeny. In doing so, I first show how the concept was attributed to Edouard Chatton and the context in which he introduced the terms. Following, I examine the context in which the terms were reintroduced into biology in 1962 by Roger Stanier and C. B. van Niel. I study the discourse over the subsequent decade to understand how the organizational dichotomy took on the form of a natural classification as the kingdom Monera or superkingdom Procaryotae. Stanier and van Niel admitted that, in regard to constructing a natural classification of bacteria, structural characteristics were no more useful than physiological properties. They repeatedly denied that bacterial phylogenetics was possible. I thus examine the great historical irony that the “prokaryote,” in both its organizational and phylogenetic senses, was defined (negatively) on the basis of structure. Finally, we see how phylogenetic research based on 16S rRNA led by Carl Woese and his collaborators confronted the prokaryote concept while moving microbiology to the center of evolutionary biology.

Strains ofStreptococcus lactiswhich contain β-galactosidase

1979 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. E. Farrow ◽  
Ellen I. Garvie
Keyword(s):  
Wild Strain ◽  
The Past ◽  
Streptococcus Lactis ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Typical Strain ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenases

SUMMARYIn the past the classification of ATCC 7962 as a strain ofStreptococcus lactishas been questioned because it contains β-galactosidase and not β-phosphogalactosidase, and because all extracts do not react with group N antiserum. A comparison was made between ATCC 7962 and known strains ofStr. lactisusing physiological properties, some of the properties of the lactate dehydrogenases and percent guanine plus cytosine in the DNA. ATCC 7962 was distinguished only by its ability to ferment pentoses. The degree of hydribization between the DNA of ATCC 7962 and that of a typical strain ofStr. lactiswas 67 %. ATCC 7962 is an atypical strain ofStr. lactis. The properties of a wild strain ofStr. lactisisolated from radishes in Brunei which contains β-galactosidase and β-phosphogalactosidase, are given also. This strain ferments pentoses.

scholarly journals New And Neglected Morphological Features in the Taxonomy of Asian Lejeunea (Marchantiophyta)

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaik Ee Lee ◽  
Ahmad Damanhuri ◽  
Abdul Latiff ◽  
S. Robbert Gradstein
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Feature ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Phenetic Analysis ◽  
Infrageneric Classification ◽  
Surface Wax ◽  
Taxonomic Feature ◽  
Large Genus

Abstract The infrageneric classification of the large genus Lejeunea Lib. is poorly understood due to the lack of stable morphological characters characterizing supraspecific groups. Phenetic analysis of 26 morphological features of 31 Asian Lejeunea species separated two main species clusters based on the number of superior central cells at underleaf bases. The number of superior central cells had not previously been utilized in the classification of Lejeunea and appears to be new and stable morphological feature within this genus. The presence of surface wax was confirmed in L. flava (Sw.) Nees and was newly recorded in L. mimula Hürl. and L. tuberculosa Steph. We suggest that wax ornamentation may be a useful taxonomic feature at species level in Lejeunea.

scholarly journals Serbian spruce (Picea omorica/Panc./Purkyne) variability in the artificial populations in Serbia

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasilije Isajev ◽  
Vera Lavadinović ◽  
Aleksandar Lučić ◽  
Ljubinko Rakonjac
Keyword(s):  
Great Part ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Ecological Optimum ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Serbian Spruce ◽  
Future Utilization

AbstractIsajev V., Lavadinović V., Lučić A., Rakonjac L.J.: Serbian spruce (Picea omorca /Panc./ Purkyne) variability in the artificial populations in Serbia. Ekologia (Bratislava), Vol. 32, No. 3, p. 277-282, 2013. A great part of the genetic variation and the potentials of Serbian spruce natural populations have been incorporated in several plantations in the Western Serbia at the site Quercetum fraineto-cerris s.l., Salicetum fragillis s.l and Pinetum nigre s.l. and in other similar occurrences In this way, it becomes much more available for the research and future utilization. The intensive research of the plantations started by the classification of trees into phenogroups which were considered to be significant for forestry and horticulture. The differences between flowering years, plantations and individual trees in the regularity and abundance of micro- and macro-strobiles are major indicators f genetic variability in the reproductive cycle of Serbian spruce. The interaction of environmental characteristics and genotypes of extreme and average trees illustrate the reproductive ability of Serbian spruce on different sites and indicates that this species achieves the coenological and not the ecological optimum at its natural sites. Application of genetic/selection programmes can lead to the production of planting stock of desired and defined properties, which could survive the stress environmental factors, thanks to its morphological and physiological properties.

Note on the spectral classification of carbon stars in the photographic infrared region

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
Y. Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Region ◽  
Spectral Classification ◽  
Carbon Stars

We have investigated the spectrograms (dispersion: 8Å/mm) in the photographic infrared region fromλ7500 toλ9000 of some carbon stars obtained by the coudé spectrograph of the 74-inch reflector attached to the Okayama Astrophysical Observatory. The names of the stars investigated are listed in Table 1.

Diagnostic Value of Electron Microscopy in Soft Tissue Tumors

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 220-221
Author(s):  
Gerald Fine ◽  
Azorides R. Morales
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Myxoma ◽  
Osteogenic Sarcoma ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Amelanotic Melanoma ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Light Microscopic Level ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumors ◽  
Good Agreement

For years the separation of carcinoma and sarcoma and the subclassification of sarcomas has been based on the appearance of the tumor cells and their microscopic growth pattern and information derived from certain histochemical and special stains. Although this method of study has produced good agreement among pathologists in the separation of carcinoma from sarcoma, it has given less uniform results in the subclassification of sarcomas. There remain examples of neoplasms of different histogenesis, the classification of which is questionable because of similar cytologic and growth patterns at the light microscopic level; i.e. amelanotic melanoma versus carcinoma and occasionally sarcoma, sarcomas with an epithelial pattern of growth simulating carcinoma, histologically similar mesenchymal tumors of different histogenesis (histiocytoma versus rhabdomyosarcoma, lytic osteogenic sarcoma versus rhabdomyosarcoma), and myxomatous mesenchymal tumors of diverse histogenesis (myxoid rhabdo and liposarcomas, cardiac myxoma, myxoid neurofibroma, etc.)

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