Mid- and late Holocene tree population density changes in northern Fennoscandia derived by a new method using megafossil pines and their tree-ring series

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 567-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Helama ◽  
M. Lindholm ◽  
M. Timonen ◽  
M. Eronen
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
New Method ◽  
Northern Fennoscandia ◽  
Tree Population

scholarly journals A Test of “Annual Resolution” in Stalagmites Using Tree Rings

2002 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio L. Betancourt ◽  
Henri D. Grissino-Mayer ◽  
Matthew W. Salzer ◽  
Thomas W. Swetnam
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Annual Resolution

AbstractSo-called annual banding has been identified in a number of speleothems in which the number of bands approximates the time interval between successive U-series dates. The apparent annual resolution of speleothem records, however, remains largely untested. Here we statistically compare variations in band thickness from a late Holocene stalagmite in Carlsbad Cavern, Southern New Mexico, USA, with three independent tree-ring chronologies form the same region. We found no correspondence. Although there may be various explanations for the discordance, this limited exercise suggests that banded stalagmites should be held to the same rigorous standards in chronology building and climatic inference as annually resolved tree rings, corals, and ice cores.

Do tree ring δ13C series from Pinus sylvestris in northern Fennoscandia contain long-term non-climatic trends?

2008 ◽  
Vol 252 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 42-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Gagen ◽  
Danny McCarroll ◽  
Iain Robertson ◽  
Neil J. Loader ◽  
Risto Jalkanen
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Climatic Trends ◽  
Northern Fennoscandia

ASSESSMENT OF TOBACCO LOSSES CAUSED BY THE DARK-SIDED CUTWORM, EUXOA MESSORIA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE), DELHI, ONTARIO

1971 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 534-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Tobacco Plant ◽  
New Method ◽  
Crop Losses ◽  
Euxoa Messoria ◽  
Average Current ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractIntensive studies on the damage and losses of flue-cured tobacco caused by the dark-sided cutworm, Euxoa messoria (Harris), were carried out in the field at Delhi, Ont., during 1967 and 1968. A new method for estimating the accurate tobacco crop losses is illustrated. Assessment of damage of the tobacco plant and the population density in relation to the yield are described. The yield was significantly related, negatively, to the dark-sided cutworm density, and was reduced in the cutworm-damaged blocks in comparison with the yield in the undamaged check blocks. Assessment of average losses caused by the species was 17% of marketable tobacco, which, based on the average current prices, would amount to 200 dollars per acre or approximately 25 million dollars over the country as a whole every year.

scholarly journals An 850 year record of climate and fluctuations of the iceberg-calving Nellie Juan Glacier, south central Alaska, U.S.A.

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Barclay ◽  
Gregory C. Wiles ◽  
Parker E. Calkin
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Terminal Moraine ◽  
Glacier System ◽  
South Central ◽  
Iceberg Calving ◽  
Paleoclimate Records ◽  
The 19Th Century

AbstractTree-ring cross-dates of 46 glacially killed trees show that the tidewater Nellie Juan Glacier, Alaska, advanced seaward during the 16th and 17th centuries AD. Ice-scarred trees at the late-Holocene end moraine indicate that the terminus was at its recent maximum from 1842 to 1893. Historical observations and photographs show that subsequent slow retreat changed to rapid iceberg-calving retreat after 1935, and that the tidewater terminus had withdrawn about 3.3 km from the late-Holocene maximum by 1992. Comparison with paleoclimate records from nearby land-terminating glaciers and an 850 year tree-ring-width chronology indicates that the timing of the 19th-century maximum stand of Nellie Juan Glacier was controlled by changes in summer temperature and radiation. However, rapid iceberg-calving retreat did not begin until 40 years of slow retreat had brought the tidewater terminus back from the terminal moraine shoal. Therefore, both the dimensions of the terminal moraine shoal and the magnitude and duration of climate change were important in initiating rapid retreat of this tidewater glacier system.

Age and paleoclimatic significance of late Holocene lakes in the Carson Sink, NV, USA

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth D. Adams
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Great Basin ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Lake Level ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Paleoclimatic Significance ◽  
Original Interpretation

AbstractNew dating in the Carson Sink at the termini of the Humboldt and Carson rivers in the Great Basin of the western United States indicates that lakes reached elevations of 1204 and 1198 m between 915 and 652 and between 1519 and 1308 cal yr B.P., respectively. These dates confirm Morrison's original interpretation (Lake Lahontan: Geology of the Southern Carson Desert, Professional Paper 40, U.S. Geol. Survey, 1964) that these shorelines are late Holocene features, rather than late Pleistocene as interpreted by later researchers. Paleohydrologic modeling suggests that discharge into the Carson Sink must have been increased by a factor of about four, and maintained for decades, to account for the 1204-m lake stand. The hydrologic effects of diversions of the Walker River to the Carson Sink were probably not sufficient, by themselves, to account for the late Holocene lake-level rises. The decadal-long period of increased runoff represented by the 1204-m lake is also reflected in other lake records and in tree ring records from the western United States.

scholarly journals Hedge Pruning Pecan

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce W. Wood ◽  
Deane Stahmann
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Carya Illinoinensis ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Alternate Bearing ◽  
Tree Population ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
Pruning Strategy ◽  
Tree Thinning ◽  
East West

An ever increasing cost:price squeeze on the profitability of pecan (Carya illinoinensis) farming is driving a search for alternate husbandry approaches. `Wichita' and `Western' trees maintained at relatively high tree population density, by mechanized hedge pruning and topping, produced greater nut yield than an orchard treatment in which tree population density was reduced by tree thinning (144% for `Wichita' and 113% for `Western Schley'). Evaluation of three different hedge pruning strategies, over a 20-year period, identified a discrete canopy hedge pruning and topping strategy using a 2-year cycle, as being superior to that of a discrete canopy hedge pruning and topping strategy using an 8-year cycle, but not as good as a continuous canopy hedge pruning and topping strategy using a 1-year cycle. An evaluation of 21 commercial cultivars indicated that nut yields of essentially all cultivars can be relatively high if properly hedge pruned [annual in-shell nut yields of 2200 to 3626 lb/acre (2465.8 to 4064.1 kg·ha-1), depending on cultivar]. Comparative alternate bearing intensity and nut quality characteristics are reported for 21 cultivars. These evaluations indicate that pecan orchards can be highly productive, with substantially reduced alternate bearing, when managed via a hedge-row-like pruning strategy giving narrow canopies [3403 lb/acre (3814.2 kg·ha-1) for `Wichita' and 3472 lb/acre (3891.5 kg·ha-1) for `Western Schley']. North-south-oriented (N-S) hedgerows produced higher yields that did east-west (E-W) hedgerows (yield for N-S `Wichita' was 158% that of E-W trees and N-S `Western Schley' was 174% that of E-W trees).These data indicate that mechanized hedge pruning and topping offers an attractive alternative to the conventional husbandry paradigm.

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