Valorization of dietary edible mushrooms waste: chemical and physical properties, nutrient digestibility, microbial protein synthesis and nitrogen balance in sheep

It was evaluated nitrogen compounds and microbial protein synthesis in heifers fed diets containing coffee hulls (0.0; 8.75; 17.25; and 26.25% of dry matter) replacing ground corn concentrate at the following levels of coffee hulls in the total diet dry matter: 0.0, 3.5, 7.0 or 10.5%. It was used 24 crossbreed heifers (7/8, 15/16 and 31/32 Holstein-Zebu), which were distributed in a random block design made up accordingly to the weight of the animals. Spot samples of urine were colleted aproximatelly four hours after morning feeding and were used to estimate microbial protein synthesis by using urine purine derivatives. It was not observed effect of coffee hull levels in the diet on total nitrogen intake (160 g/day) and nitrogen excretion in the urine (87.4 g/day). The inclusion of coffee hull in the diet linearly increased nitrogen excretion in feces, as well as nitrogen balance. There was linear reduction in urinary excretion of allantoin, in total purine derivative and absorbed purine, which reduced 0.715, 0.873, and 0.954 mmol/day to each coffee hull unity added to the concentrate, respectively. Coffee hull altered microbial protein synthesis, which reduced in 0.687 g/day to each coffee hull unity added to the concentrate. Reduction in microbial protein synthesis can reduce weight gain in heifers fed coffee hulls.

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The effects of rumen nitrogen balance on in vitro rumen fermentation and microbial protein synthesis vary with dietary carbohydrate and nitrogen sources

Animal Feed Science and Technology ◽

10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.05.005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 241 ◽

pp. 184-197 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

D. Kand ◽

I. Bagus Raharjo ◽

J. Castro-Montoya ◽

U. Dickhoefer

Keyword(s):

Protein Synthesis ◽

Nitrogen Balance ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Dietary Carbohydrate ◽

Microbial Protein ◽

Microbial Protein Synthesis ◽

Rumen Nitrogen ◽

In Vitro Rumen Fermentation

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Effects of Physical Form and Urea Treatment of Rice Straw on Rumen Fermentation, Microbial Protein Synthesis and Nutrient Digestibility in Dairy Steers

Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences ◽

10.5713/ajas.2013.13190 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 26 (12) ◽

pp. 1689-1697 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

P. Gunun ◽

M. Wanapat ◽

N. Anantasook

Keyword(s):

Protein Synthesis ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Microbial Protein ◽

Urea Treatment ◽

Microbial Protein Synthesis ◽

Physical Form

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Effect of banana flower powder on rumen fermentation, synthesis of microbial protein and nutrient digestibility in swamp buffaloes

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an18063 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 59 (9) ◽

pp. 1674 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Metha Wanapat ◽

Thiwakorn Ampapon ◽

Kampanat Phesatcha ◽

Sungchhang Kang

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Protein Synthesis ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Methane Production ◽

Volatile Fatty Acids ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Microbial Protein ◽

Microbial Protein Synthesis ◽

Ruminal Ph ◽

Banana Flower

Replacement of chemical compounds by dietary sources as rumen enhancers have been of great interest and concern by researchers. Four, rumen-fistulated swamp buffalo bulls with average liveweight of 365 ± 15.0 kg were randomly assigned to treatments, to investigate the impact of banana flower powder (BAFLOP) as a rumen modifier on pH, rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility, microbial protein synthesis and volatile fatty acids. All buffaloes were allotted according to a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Dietary supplementation treatments were as follows: 2 g concentrate/kg bodyweight (BW; T1), 15 g concentrate/kg BW (T2), 15 g concentrate/kg BW plus BAFLOP 300 g/head.day (T3) and 15 g concentrate/kg BW plus BAFLOP 600 g/head.day (T4). Untreated rice straw was fed ad libitum. The findings showed that total feed intake was increased in buffaloes fed a diet supplemented with concentrate at 2 g/kg BW, while rice straw intake was reduced. Nutrient digestibility was increased by BAFLOP supplementation at both levels (T3 and T4; P < 0.05). Ruminal pH dropped (5.9) in buffaloes fed with concentrate at 15 g/kg BW, while buffaloes with BAFLOP supplementation could maintain ruminal pH when fed with high-concentrate diet. Ruminal ammonia-nitrogen increased in the buffaloes fed concentrate at 15 g/kg BW, especially with BAFLOP supplementation. Feeding high-concentrate diet increased the concentrations of ruminal total volatile fatty acids and propionic acid (C3), while the concentration of acetic acid and the acetic acid:C3 ratio and methane production were subsequently reduced (P < 0.05). In addition, efficiency of microbial protein synthesis was increased by the BAFLOP feeding (P < 0.05). In the present study, using BAFLOP as a dietary rumen enhancer at 300–600 g/head.day resulted in an increased rumen pH, C3 concentration, nutrient digestibility and microbial protein synthesis, while mitigating ruminal methane production. Higher nutrient digestibility and lower ruminal methane production, more dietary energy and production efficiency are expected.

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Nitrogen balance, microbial protein synthesis and blood metabolites in fattening of male Bali cattle fed ration with different protein levels in smallholder farms

Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture ◽

10.14710/jitaa.43.1.43-53 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 43 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. K. Tahuk ◽

S. P. S. Budhi ◽

P. Panjono ◽

E. Baliarti

Keyword(s):

Protein Synthesis ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Nitrogen Balance ◽

Blood Metabolites ◽

Microbial Protein ◽

Smallholder Farms ◽

Microbial Protein Synthesis ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Before And After ◽

Bali Cattle

Research was aimed to determine nitrogen balance, microbial protein synthesis, and blood metabolites of male Bali cattle fattening fed ration with different protein level in smallholder farms North Central Timor, Province of East Timor Tenggara, Indonesia. The cattle used were 18 heads aged 2 to 2.5 years with initial body weight of 229.86±12.46 kg. The cattle were randomly divided into three treatment groups. The T0 group was given feed the same as traditional fattening cattle practices by farmers,T1 group fed ration containing 12% crude protein (CP) and 72% total digestible nutrients (TDN), andT2 group fedration containing 15% CP and 72%TDN. Cattle were fed individually for 90 days and drinkingwater ad libitum. The data were analyzedby analysis of variance.Results of research indicated the nitrogen balance, and blood urea nitrogen between T1 and T2 were relatively similar, but those were higher (P<0.05) than T0 . In contrast, microbial proteins synthesis, and blood glucose at 0, 4, and 6 hours before and after feeding were relatively similar between the groups. Blood glucose of T2 at 2 hours after intake were higher (P <0.05) than T0, but was not different with T1 . It can be concluded, that the fattening maleBali cattle fed ration containing 12% CP and 72% TDNimprovedthe nitrogen balance and blood metabolites, butit was no positive effect on the microbial proteins and N synthesis.

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