Soil sterilization. I.—Ammonia and nitrate production in some glasshouse soils following steam sterilization

1951 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 268-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Davies ◽  
O. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Steam Sterilization ◽  
Soil Sterilization ◽  
Nitrate Production

Potato Root Eelworm, D-D, and Soil Sterilization. II. Results for 1946

1948 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 128-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Steam Sterilization ◽  
Potato Root ◽  
Antagonistic Action ◽  
Soil Sterilization ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
The Face ◽  
Heterodera Rostochiensis ◽  
Eggs And Larvae

A factorial experiment involving the presence and absence of three factors: steam sterilization (S), infection with some three million eggs and larvae of Heterodera rostochiensis per pot (H), and injection of 10 ml. of D-D per pot (D), the factors applied in that order, was carried out to ascertain the effects on the growth of 40 potato plants in pots containing 15 Kg. of soil.In the event, the D-D was lethal to the great, majority of eelworms, so that treatments labelled (hd) and (hsd) were effectively reduced to (d) and (sd). This fact greatly complicated the analysis, but nevertheless enabled certain conclusions to be drawn. The use of this factorial design may be criticised in the face of this antagonistic action between, two of the factors. Nevertheless, the effects of H and D acting together on the plants was a subject of interest; the real fault in design lay in using too high a concentration of D-D, or in not using a series of concentrations. The fact that the concentration used was too high emerged from the experiment and was not known beforehand.

scholarly journals Potato Root Eelworm, D-D, and Soil Sterilization. I. Methods and Criteria

1948 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 117-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Variance Ratio ◽  
Steam Sterilization ◽  
Potato Root ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Soil Sterilization ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Coefficient Of Variability ◽  
Heterodera Rostochiensis ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Normal Difference

Methods are described whereby a factorial experiment was set up to test the effects on 40 potato plants, growing in 15 Kg. pots of soil, of the three factors: (S) steam sterilization of soil, (H) infection of soil with about three million eggs ard larvae of Heterodera rostochiensis per pot, and (D) injection of soil with 10 ml. of D-D per pot.Data from the infected half of the pots were also used to test the effects of factors (S) and (D) on the eelworm population.The data from 10 plant criteria yielded three statistics: the variance ratio (F), the coefficient of variability (V), and the Normal difference (t) corresponding to each factor and interaction. From an examination of these, the following two criteria are selected as, between them, displaying all the significant treatment effects of the experiment:

scholarly journals Comparative Exergy Analysis of Units for the Porous Ammonium Nitrate Granulation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
Dmytro Levchenko ◽  
Andrii Manzharov ◽  
Artem Artyukhov ◽  
Nadiya Artyukhova ◽  
Jan Krmela
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Exergy Analysis ◽  
Evaporative Cooling ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Unit Mass ◽  
Brayton Cycle ◽  
Basic Scheme ◽  
Target Parameter ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Nitrate Production

The article deals with the study on the efficiency of units for porous ammonium nitrate production. The ways which increase the effective implementation of energy resources are determined by including the ejector recycling module, heat and mass exchangers that utilize principles of regenerative indirect evaporative cooling, and the sub-atmospheric inverse Brayton cycle. Mixed exergy analysis evaluates all flows of the system contour as those of the same value. The target parameter for determining the efficiency of both systems is the ratio of the unit’s productivity to the exergy expenditures to produce the unit mass of the product. As a result, it is found that the mentioned devices and units enable to increase the efficiency of the basic scheme by 87%.

scholarly journals Surface Reformation of Medical Devices with DLC Coating

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 376
Author(s):  
Mao Kaneko ◽  
Masanori Hiratsuka ◽  
Ali Alanazi ◽  
Hideki Nakamori ◽  
Kazushige Namiki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Steam Sterilization ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
Chrome Plating ◽  
Living Body ◽  
Dlc Coating ◽  
Pressure Steam ◽  
Adhesion Friction

We evaluated the adhesion, friction characteristics, durability against bodily acids, sterilization, cleaning, and anti-reflection performance of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings formed as a surface treatment of intracorporeal medical devices. The major coefficients of friction during intubation in a living body in all environments were lower with DLC coatings than with black chrome plating. DLC demonstrated an adhesion of approximately 24 N, which is eight times stronger than that of black chrome plating. DLC-coated samples also showed significant stability without being damaged during acid immersion and high-pressure steam sterilization, as suggested by the results of durability tests. In addition, the coatings remained unpeeled in a usage environment, and there was no change in the anti-reflection performance of the DLC coatings. In summary, DLC coatings are useful for improving intracorporeal device surfaces and extending the lives of medical devices.

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