Short‐Term Exposure to Air Pollution and Epiglottitis: A Nested Case–Control Study

ObjectivesAn increasing number of studies had shown that air pollution exposure may aggravate blood glucose control in patients with diabetes, an independent risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) proposed by some researchers. This study aimed to investigate the impact of exposure to ambient particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) on the incidence of CRC among a diabetic population.DesignA nested case–control study.SettingA subset data retrieved from the Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database.ParticipantsWe identified patients with newly diagnosed diabetes (n=1 164 962) during 1999–2013. Participants who had subsequently developed an incident of CRC were placed into the case group, while controls were matched to the cases at a 4:1 ratio by age, gender, date of diabetes diagnosis and the index date of CRC diagnosis.Methods and outcome measuresAll variables associated with the risk of CRC entered into a multinomial logistic regression model. The dose–response relationship between various average concentrations of PM2.5 exposure and the incidence of CRC was estimated by logistic regression.ResultsThe study included a total of 7719 incident CRC cases matched with 30 876 controls of random sampling. The mean annual concentration of PM2.5 was 35.3 µg/m3. After adjusting for potential confounders, a dose–response relationship was observed between the CRC risks and each interquartile increase of PM2.5 concentration (Q1–Q2: 1.03 (0.95–1.11), Q2–Q3: 1.06 (0.98–1.15), ≥Q3: 1.19 (1.10–1.28) in model 2. The adjusted ORs (95% CI) of CRC incidence for each 10 µg/m3 increment of PM2.5 was 1.08 (1.04–1.11). Moreover, a faster growing adapted Diabetes Complications Severity Index (aDCSI) score was noticed in CRC group compared with the controls, which also showed a significant association in our multivariate analysis (adjusted OR=1.28, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.38).ConclusionsLong-term exposure to high concentrations of PM2.5 may contribute to an increased incidence of CRC among diabetic populations.

Download Full-text

Air Pollution Associated Dry Eye Disease May Be Increased by Qi Stagnation in Young: A Nested Case-Control Study in Liaoning, China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-153323/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fei Yu ◽

Zhongjuan Ren ◽

Wei Song ◽

Chunhong Yan ◽

Jing Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Dry Eye ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Dry Eye Disease ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Young Population ◽

Qi Stagnation ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background: Little information exists regarding the interaction of Qi stagnation and air pollution on young’s dry eye disease (DED) in fixed area with an epidemic threat. The aim of this study is to assess the modification by Qi stagnation on the associations of exposure with DED in Chinese young. Methods: A nested case-control study was conducted in Chinese young population aged 17-20 years, within a cohort of He Eye Health screening project. All cases newly diagnosed (n = 576) were matched to controls (n = 576) by age and sex. Logistic regression model was used to assess the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of DED for exposure to different air pollutants in terms of an interquartile range (IQR) increase in exposure level, adjusted for potential confounders. Results: In single-pollutant model, the DED ORs (95% CI) for the 20th to 40th percent of quintile (vs. lowest) were 2.64 (1.66, 4.18) for PM2.5, 1.70 (1.09, 2.66) for PM10, for the highest quintile (vs. lowest) were 1.74 (1.13, 2.66) for CO, and 1.57 (0.98, 2.51) NO2. In contrast, the odds ratios for the highest quintile (vs. lowest) were 0.23 (0.07, 0.78) for O3. Corresponding estimates were higher among Stagnant qi constitution [ORPM10 = 1.69 (1.08, 2.16), ORCO = 1.93 (1.19, 3.54)] than Balanced constitution [ORPM10 = 1.29 (0.79, 2.05), ORCO = 1.70 (1.09, 3.43)] for PM10 and CO2, respectively. In addition, O3 was inversely associated for Stagnant qi constitution [0.67 (0.23, 1.90)] and Balanced constitution [0.51 (0.08, 1.40)]. Conclusion: Exposure to ambient PM2.5, PM10, CO and NO2 was positively associated with DED in Chinese young population. Qi stagnation might amplify the association of exposures to PM10 and CO with DED.

Download Full-text