Planktivorous fish predation masks anthropogenic disturbances on decadal trends in zooplankton biomass and body size structure in Lake Biwa, Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 667-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Liu ◽  
Gaël Dur ◽  
Syuhei Ban ◽  
Yoichiro Sakai ◽  
Shinsuke Ohmae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Lake Biwa ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Fish Predation ◽  
Anthropogenic Disturbances ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Planktivorous Fish

scholarly journals Zooplankton Structure and Potential Food Web Interactions in the Plankton of a Subtropical Chain-of-Lakes

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 926-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl E. Havens
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Phytoplankton Biomass ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Fish Predation ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Lake Okeechobee ◽  
Zooplankton Species ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Chl A

This study evaluates the taxonomic and size structure of macro-zooplankton and its potential role in controlling phytoplankton in the Kissimmee Chain-of-Lakes, six shallow interconnected lakes in Florida, U.S. Macro-zooplankton species biomass and standard limnological attributes (temperature, pH, total phosphorus [TP], chlorophyll a [Chl a], and Secchi transparency) were quantified on a bimonthly basis from April 1997 to February 1999. Concentrations of TP ranged from below 50 to over 150 μg l-1. Peak concentrations of particulate P coincided with maximal Chl a, and in one instance a high concentration of soluble reactive P followed. The cladoceran zooplankton was dominated by small species, including Eubosmina tubicen, Ceriodaphnia rigaudi, and Daphnia ambigua. The exotic daphnid, D. lumholtzii, periodically was abundant. The copepods were strongly dominated by Diaptomus dorsalis, a species previously shown to be highly resistant to fish predation. These results, and findings of controlled experiments on a nearby lake with a nearly identical zooplankton species complement, suggest that fish predation may be a major factor structuring the macro-zooplankton assemblage. Zooplankton biomass, on the other hand, may be affected by resource availability. There was a significant positive relationship between average biomass of macro-zooplankton and the average concentration of TP among the six lakes. No such relationship existed between zooplankton biomass and Chl a, suggesting that the predominant food web in these systems may be based on bacteria-plankton, as has been documented in nearby Lake Okeechobee. All of the zooplankton taxa encountered in the Kissimmee Chain-of-Lakes (exceptMesocyclops edax) are known bacteria grazers in Florida lakes. Phytoplankton biomass, measured as Chl a, was strongly associated with TP, both within and across lakes. Phytoplankton biomass was not associated with the biomass of zooplankton. These results, when considered in the context of nutrient-addition, zooplankton-exclosure studies on Lake Okeechobee, support the hypothesis that phytoplankton biomass in subtropical lakes is regulated by —bottom-up,“ rather than —top-down“ forces.

scholarly journals Zooplankton richness, abundance and biomass of two hypertrophic shallow lakes with different salinity in central Argentina

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Andrés Echaniz ◽  
Alicia María Vignatti ◽  
Gabriela Cecilia Cabrera ◽  
Susana Beatriz José de Paggi
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Shallow Lakes ◽  
Saline Lakes ◽  
Fish Predation ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Planktivorous Fish ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Central Argentina

The zooplankton of lakes is controlled by biological and physico-chemical parameters. Among the former, predation by fish can determine the replacement of large-sized species by small-sized ones and among the latter, salinity exerts negative effects on richness and abundance. Since it has been suggested that saline lakes without fishes have higher zooplankton biomass than low salinity ones, the aim of this study was to determine the richness, abundance and biomass of zooplankton in two lakes with different salinity and test the hypothesis that in the presence of zooplanktivorous fishes and at equal concentrations of nutrients and chlorophyll-a, saline lakes have higher biomass than those with low salinity. The study was conducted in two shallow lakes of the Province of La Pampa (central Argentina): a subsaline lake and a hyposaline lake, which shared high concentrations of chlorophyll-a and total phosphorus, reduced transparency and presence of planktivorous fish. Zooplankton richness was different and higher in the subsaline lake, whereas abundance and total biomass were similar, even when the taxonomic groups were considered separately. It is suggested that the presence of a halotolerant planktivorous fish controlled the size of zooplankton due to the predation on larger species and prevented the development of higher biomass in the saline lake, which is an important difference from previously recorded situations. This study shows that, regardless of the differences in salinity, the top-down effect in the food chain may have been a factor that equalized the zooplankton biomass by allowing only the development of small species and highlights the possible importance of fish predation in determining chlorophyll-a concentrations and water transparency.

scholarly journals Long-Term Changes in the Diet of Gymnogobius isaza from Lake Biwa, Japan: Effects of Body Size and Environmental Prey Availability

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. e53167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Carlo Briones ◽  
Cheng-Han Tsai ◽  
Takefumi Nakazawa ◽  
Yoichiro Sakai ◽  
Rey Donne S. Papa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Lake Biwa ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Long Term Changes

scholarly journals Body-size structure of Central Iberian mammal fauna reveals semidesertic conditions during the middle Miocene Global Cooling Event

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. e0186762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Menéndez ◽  
Ana R. Gómez Cano ◽  
Blanca A. García Yelo ◽  
Laura Domingo ◽  
M. Soledad Domingo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Middle Miocene ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Mammal Fauna ◽  
Global Cooling

scholarly journals Palaeoenvironmental analysis of the Aragonian (middle Miocene) mammalian faunas from the Madrid Basin based on body-size structure

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B.A. García Yelo ◽  
A.R. Gómez Cano ◽  
J.L. Cantalapiedra ◽  
G.M. Alcalde ◽  
O. Sanisidro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Middle Miocene ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Mammalian Faunas

scholarly journals Scaling of growth rate and mortality with size and its consequence on size spectra of natural microphytoplankton assemblages in the East China Sea

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 5267-5280 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. H. Chang ◽  
E. C. Marquis ◽  
C. W. Chang ◽  
G. C. Gong ◽  
C. H. Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Scaling Exponent ◽  
The East China Sea ◽  
Size Category ◽  
Grazing Mortality ◽  
Specific Growth Rates

Abstract. Allometric scaling of body size versus growth rate and mortality has been suggested to be a universal macroecological pattern, as described by the metabolic theory of ecology (MTE). However, whether such scaling generally holds in natural assemblages remains debated. Here, we test the hypothesis that the size-specific growth rate and grazing mortality scale with the body size with an exponent of −1/4 after temperature correction, as MTE predicts. To do so, we couple a dilution experiment with the FlowCAM imaging system to obtain size-specific growth rates and grazing mortality of natural microphytoplankton assemblages in the East China Sea. This novel approach allows us to achieve highly resolved size-specific measurements that would be very difficult to obtain in traditional size-fractionated measurements using filters. Our results do not support the MTE prediction. On average, the size-specific growth rates and grazing mortality scale almost isometrically with body size (with scaling exponent ∼0.1). However, this finding contains high uncertainty, as the size-scaling exponent varies substantially among assemblages. The fact that size-scaling exponent varies among assemblages prompts us to further investigate how the variation of size-specific growth rate and grazing mortality can interact to determine the microphytoplankton size structure, described by normalized biomass size spectrum (NBSS), among assemblages. We test whether the variation of microphytoplankton NBSS slopes is determined by (1) differential grazing mortality of small versus large individuals, (2) differential growth rate of small versus large individuals, or (3) combinations of these scenarios. Our results indicate that the ratio of the grazing mortality of the large size category to that of the small size category best explains the variation of NBSS slopes across environments, suggesting that higher grazing mortality of large microphytoplankton may release the small phytoplankton from grazing, which in turn leads to a steeper NBSS slope. This study contributes to understanding the relative importance of bottom-up versus top-down control in shaping microphytoplankton size structure.

scholarly journals Resurgence of an apex marine predator and the decline in prey body size

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (52) ◽  
pp. 26682-26689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Ohlberger ◽  
Daniel E. Schindler ◽  
Eric J. Ward ◽  
Timothy E. Walsworth ◽  
Timothy E. Essington
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Marine Mammal ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Killer Whales ◽  
Selective Predation ◽  
Marine Predator

In light of recent recoveries of marine mammal populations worldwide and heightened concern about their impacts on marine food webs and global fisheries, it has become increasingly important to understand the potential impacts of large marine mammal predators on prey populations and their life-history traits. In coastal waters of the northeast Pacific Ocean, marine mammals have increased in abundance over the past 40 to 50 y, including fish-eating killer whales that feed primarily on Chinook salmon. Chinook salmon, a species of high cultural and economic value, have exhibited marked declines in average size and age throughout most of their North American range. This raises the question of whether size-selective predation by marine mammals is generating these trends in life-history characteristics. Here we show that increased predation since the 1970s, but not fishery selection alone, can explain the changes in age and size structure observed for Chinook salmon populations along the west coast of North America. Simulations suggest that the decline in mean size results from the selective removal of large fish and an evolutionary shift toward faster growth and earlier maturation caused by selection. Our conclusion that intensifying predation by fish-eating killer whales contributes to the continuing decline in Chinook salmon body size points to conflicting management and conservation objectives for these two iconic species.

Spatial genetic structure and body size divergence in endangered Gymnogobius isaza in ancient Lake Biwa

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 756-764
Author(s):  
Takefumi Nakazawa ◽  
Shang-Yin Vanson Liu ◽  
Yoichiro Sakai ◽  
Kiwako S. Araki ◽  
Cheng-Han Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Lake Biwa ◽  
Spatial Genetic Structure ◽  
Ancient Lake

scholarly journals Responses of food web to hypolimnetic aeration in Lake Vesijärvi

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 847 (21) ◽  
pp. 4503-4523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jukka Ruuhijärvi ◽  
Tommi Malinen ◽  
Kirsi Kuoppamäki ◽  
Pasi Ala-Opas ◽  
Mika Vinni
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Fish Predation ◽  
Filamentous Cyanobacteria ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Oxygen Conditions

AbstractWe studied the responses of a food web, especially fish and zooplankton, to summertime aeration, pumping of oxygen-rich epilimnetic water to the hypolimnion in Lake Vesijärvi, southern Finland. The aim of hypolimnetic aeration was to reduce internal loading of phosphorus from sediment. The population of smelt (Osmerus eperlanus L.), the main planktivore of the pelagial area, collapsed during the two 1st years of aeration due to increased temperature and low oxygen concentrations in the hypolimnion. The population recovered after the 4th year of hypolimnetic aeration, when oxygen conditions were improved. Despite elevated hypolimnetic temperature, smelt reached exceptionally high abundance, which led to a significant reduction in cladoceran body size. The density of perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) increased at first, but then decreased when the proportion of smelt and cyprinids increased. Biomasses of Daphnia decreased probably as a result of the disappearance of dark, low-oxygen deep-water refuge against fish predation and low availability of nutritionally high-quality algae. Occasionally filamentous cyanobacteria, such as turbulence tolerant Planktothrix agardhii (Gomont), were abundant, suggesting deteriorated food resources for zooplankton. The responses of food web were controversial with respect to the aim of the management, which was to prevent the occurrence of harmful algal blooms.

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