Validation of diffusion tensor MRI in the central nervous system using light microscopy: quantitative comparison of fiber properties

With the advent of the space age and the need to determine the requirements for a space cabin atmosphere, oxygen effects came into increased importance, even though these effects have been the subject of continuous research for many years. In fact, Priestly initiated oxygen research when in 1775 he published his results of isolating oxygen and described the effects of breathing it on himself and two mice, the only creatures to have had the “privilege” of breathing this “pure air”.Early studies had demonstrated the central nervous system effects at pressures above one atmosphere. Light microscopy revealed extensive damage to the lungs at one atmosphere. These changes which included perivascular and peribronchial edema, focal hemorrhage, rupture of the alveolar septa, and widespread edema, resulted in death of the animal in less than one week. The severity of the symptoms differed between species and was age dependent, with young animals being more resistant.

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Does Diffusion-Tensor MR Imaging Provide Accurate Tracing of Specific White Matter Tracts That Correspond to Actual Anatomic and Functional Units in the Central Nervous System?

Radiology ◽

10.1148/radiol.2493081531 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 249 (3) ◽

pp. 725-727 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sungheon Kim ◽

Elias R. Melhem

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

White Matter ◽

Mr Imaging ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

White Matter Tracts ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Functional Units ◽

Diffusion Tensor Mr Imaging

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A Light Microscopy Study of the Migration of Naegleria fowleri from the Nasal Submucosa to the Central Nervous System during the Early Stage of Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis in Mice

Journal of Parasitology ◽

10.2307/3284907 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 86 (1) ◽

pp. 50 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kirby L. Jarolim ◽

Jeffrey K. McCosh ◽

Marsha J. Howard ◽

David T. John

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Light Microscopy ◽

Early Stage ◽

Microscopy Study ◽

Naegleria Fowleri ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Nægleria Fowleri ◽

Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis

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Primary granulomatous angiitis of the central nervous system: findings of magnetic resonance spectroscopy and fractional anisotropy in diffusion tensor imaging prior to surgery

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns-07/10/0873 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 107 (4) ◽

pp. 873-877 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Takaaki Beppu ◽

Takashi Inoue ◽

Hideaki Nishimoto ◽

Shinichi Nakamura ◽

Yoichi Nakazato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

Fractional Anisotropy ◽

Mr Spectroscopy ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

Granulomatous Angiitis ◽

The Central Nervous System

✓Primary granulomatous angiitis of the central nervous system (CNS) is extremely rare. Its preoperative diagnosis is difficult as the condition displays nonspecific features on routine neuroimaging investigations. In this paper, the authors report findings of magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy and fractional anisotropy (FA) with diffusion tensor MR imaging in a case of granulomatous angiitis of the CNS. A 30-year-old man presented with morning headaches and grand mal seizures. An MR image revealed a mass resembling glioblastoma in the right temporal lobe. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed a high choline/creatine (Cho/Cr) ratio indicative of a malignant neoplasm, accompanied by a slight elevation of glutamate and glutamine. The FA value was very low, which is inconsistent with malignant glioma. The mass was totally removed surgically. Histologically, the peripheral lesion of the mass consisted of a rough accumulation of fat granule cells, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and distribution of capillary vessels. Some vessels within the lesion were replaced by granulomas. The histological diagnosis was granulomatous angiitis of the CNS. The MIB-1–positive rate of the granuloma was approximately 5%. Both MR spectroscopy and FA were unable to accurately diagnose granulomatous angiitis of the CNS prior to surgery; however, elevated Cho/Cr and glutamate and glutamine shown by MR spectroscopy may indicate the moderate proliferation potential of the granuloma and the inflammatory process, respectively, in this condition. Although the low FA value in the present case enabled the authors to rule out a diagnosis of glioblastoma, FA values in inflammatory lesions require careful interpretation.

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A Neuropathy in Goats Caused by Experimental Coyotillo (Karwinskia humboldtiana) Poisoning

Pathologia veterinaria ◽

10.1177/030098587000700504 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 435-447 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

K. M. Charlton ◽

K. R. Pierce ◽

R. W. Storts ◽

C. H. Bridges

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

White Matter ◽

Light Microscopy ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Close Correlation ◽

Axonal Dystrophy ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Oral Doses

Twenty-two goats were poisoned with daily oral doses of ground coyotillo fruits and were killed at various times after the first day of dosing. The morphologic features and distribution of lesions in the central nervous system were studied by light microscopy. An axonal dystrophy occurred in several of the goats given high daily doses. Swellings occurred along axons of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum and in the white matter of the spinal cord. There was a fairly close correlation between the occurrence of clinical signs suggestive of the neocerebellar syndrome and the occurrence and distribution of lesions in the cerebellum.

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Novel method using DW-MRI and ADC images to guide stereotactic biopsy for the diagnosis small primary angiitis of the central nervous system: A case report

10.21203/rs.3.rs-202210/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xu Su ◽

Liang Han ◽

Mengxing Li ◽

Zhengming Wang ◽

Jiadui Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Stereotactic Biopsy ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

Enhanced Mri ◽

Diffusion Weighted ◽

Primary Angiitis ◽

The Central Nervous System

Abstract Objective To determine the role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) imaging to guide stereotactic biopsy for the diagnosis of intracranial angiitis. Case presentation In a 28-year-old woman who had experienced inactive headache and right limbs numbness for 4 days, preoperative magnetic resonance (MR) scanning, enhanced scanning, diffusion tensor imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and ADC image scanning were performed. Stereotactic biopsy was performed in one target where the area of edema detected with MR FLAIR, and two targets where the area shown as a high-value and a lower-value area in the DWI/ ADC image. Pathological examinations together with computed tomographic and enhanced MRI scans were conducted after surgery. A preoperative enhanced MRI scan showed a uniform low-intensity lesion in the patient’s left centrum semiovale, with a volume of 3.1 cm3. The DWI and ADC images showed uneven high-intensity signals and different ADC values in the lesion area, respectively. During surgery, tissues around the lesion and the lesion center were sampled at the three selected targets. The postoperative pathological diagnosis was primary angiitis of the central nervous system, and the patient was given anti-inflammatory medication and hormone therapy. The 3-year follow-up confirmed that the patient had recovered well, with a Glasgow Outcome Scale score of 5.Conclusion DW-MRI and ADC images can be reliably used to determine the location of small intracranial lesions, and guide stereotactic biopsy to facilitate the diagnosis of primary vasculitis of the central nervous system.

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