Abstract
pH-responsive polymers are attracting much interest from researchers because of their wide application potentials in areas like biosensor, bioseparator, bioreactor, biocatalysis, drug delivery, and water treatments. In this investigation a two-step process is evaluated to prepare carboxyl(–COOH) functional submicrometer-sized pH-responsive composite polymer particles. First, submicrometer-sized polystyrene (PS) particles are prepared by a modified conventional dispersion polymerization. In the second step, PS/poly(methacrylic acid-acrylamide-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) [PS/P(MAA-AAm-EGDMA)] composite polymer particles are synthesized by seeded co-polymerization of methacrylic acid, acrylamide, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of PS seed particles. The size distributions and morphologies analyzed by electron micrographs suggested that seeded copolymerization smoothly occurred without formation of any secondary tiny copolymer particles. The surface composition and functionality are confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance. The hydrodynamic diameter increased with the increase in pH values as part of the carboxyl groups are deprotonated, which favored the swelling of copolymer layer formed around the surface of PS particles. The adsorption of cationic and anionic surfactants at two different pH values showed that adsorption of cationic surfactant is favored at higher pH value whereas that of anionic surfactant is favored at lower pH value.
Incorporation of graphene oxide to pH-responsive hydrogel for rapid adsorption-desorption of nanoparticles on patterned hydrogel surface
