BIOMATERIAL SURFACE CHEMISTRY DICTATES ADHERENT MONOCYTE/MACROPHAGE CYTOKINE EXPRESSION IN VITRO

Cytokine ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 311-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.G. Brodbeck ◽  
Y. Nakayama ◽  
T. Matsuda ◽  
E. Colton ◽  
N.P. Ziats ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Cytokine Expression ◽  
Biomaterial Surface ◽  
Adherent Monocyte ◽  
Macrophage Cytokine

scholarly journals Chemical Changes of Flattened Enamel Surfaces with in Vitro Weak Acid Demineralization

1971 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1589-1593 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Krutchkoff ◽  
Nathaniel H. Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Weak Acid ◽  
Internal Reflection ◽  
Reflection Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Internal Reflection Spectroscopy

Infrared internal reflection spectroscopy (IRS) was used to study changes in surface chemistry of enamel after in vitro weak acid demineralization. Hypotheses that relate previous histomorphologic observations to current IRS findings are discussed.

scholarly journals The Effect of Two-Stage Acid Treatment on Surface Behavior and Improvement of Bioactivity of Nitinol Alloy

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 10690-10702
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Surface Chemical ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Nitinol Alloy ◽  
Surface Chemical Modification

Surface properties, including morphology, submicron morphology, and surface chemistry, are essential factors that affect the quality and manner of biological responses at the site of tissue contact with the implant, affecting the bone healing process. In this in vitro study, morphology and biocompatibility of nitinol (NiTi) memory alloy surfaces mechanically polished and modified with a chemical solution consisting of three types of acid (HCl-HF-H3PO4) and then chemical operations in solution (HNO3 and HCl) with a Volumetric scale of 1:1 and examined at ambient temperature. 75 samples were used for surface chemical modification, biological evaluations, and surface roughness, and also 9 samples as control. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and nitinol alloy (NiTi) surface roughness measurements were performed to analyze the surfaces. Besides, MG-63 cells were cultured on different nitinol alloy levels to evaluate adhesion and cell growth and proliferation. Data were analyzed using t-test and one-way analysis of variance. The results show that the chemical surface modification operation with two-stage acid solution had a higher roughness compared to the unmodified surfaces and the surface chemical modification operation with the acidic solution with an only solution consisting of (HCl-HF-H3PO4). Cell culture evaluations also showed that the two-stage modified nitinol levels showed significant cell adhesion and significant growth and proliferation compared to the tertiary acid-modified and unmodified levels. The surface chemical modification method for nitinol alloy can change the surface chemistry and change the surface morphology and create sub-micron scale roughness. This can increase the connectivity of the implant tissue and reduce the toxic effect of nickel.

scholarly journals SOCS1/SOCS3 Immune Axis Modulates Synthetic Perturbations in IL6 Biological Circuit for Dynamical Cellular Response

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavnita Soni ◽  
Shailza Singh
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Cytokine Expression ◽  
Janus Kinase ◽  
Cytokine Signaling ◽  
Macrophage Phenotype ◽  
Regulatory Circuit ◽  
Stat Pathway

AbstractMacrophage phenotype plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Leishmanial infection. Pro-inflammatory cytokines are the key regulators that eliminate the infection induced by Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway. Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) is a well-known negative feedback regulator of JAK/STAT pathway. However, change in expression levels of SOCS in correlation with the establishment of infection is not well understood. Mathematical modeling of IL6 signaling pathway have helped identified the role of SOCS1 in establishment of infection. Furthermore, the ratio of SOCS1 and SOCS3 has been quantified both in silico as well as in vitro, indicating an immune axis which governs the macrophage phenotype during L. major infection. The ability of SOCS1 protein to inhibit the JAK/STAT1 signaling pathway and thereby decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokine expression makes it a strong candidate for therapeutic intervention. Using synthetic biology approaches, peptide based immuno-regulatory circuit have been designed to target the activity of SOCS1 which can restore pro-inflammatory cytokine expression during infection.

scholarly journals Deriving a Boolean dynamics to reveal macrophage activation with in vitro temporal cytokine expression profiles

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Ramirez ◽  
Allen Michael Herrera ◽  
Joshua Ramirez ◽  
Chunjiang Qian ◽  
David W. Melton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boolean Network ◽  
Macrophage Activation ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Cytokine Expression ◽  
Boolean Networks ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Activated Macrophages ◽  
Activation Patterns

Abstract Background Macrophages show versatile functions in innate immunity, infectious diseases, and progression of cancers and cardiovascular diseases. These versatile functions of macrophages are conducted by different macrophage phenotypes classified as classically activated macrophages and alternatively activated macrophages due to different stimuli in the complex in vivo cytokine environment. Dissecting the regulation of macrophage activations will have a significant impact on disease progression and therapeutic strategy. Mathematical modeling of macrophage activation can improve the understanding of this biological process through quantitative analysis and provide guidance to facilitate future experimental design. However, few results have been reported for a complete model of macrophage activation patterns. Results We globally searched and reviewed literature for macrophage activation from PubMed databases and screened the published experimental results. Temporal in vitro macrophage cytokine expression profiles from published results were selected to establish Boolean network models for macrophage activation patterns in response to three different stimuli. A combination of modeling methods including clustering, binarization, linear programming (LP), Boolean function determination, and semi-tensor product was applied to establish Boolean networks to quantify three macrophage activation patterns. The structure of the networks was confirmed based on protein-protein-interaction databases, pathway databases, and published experimental results. Computational predictions of the network evolution were compared against real experimental results to validate the effectiveness of the Boolean network models. Conclusion Three macrophage activation core evolution maps were established based on the Boolean networks using Matlab. Cytokine signatures of macrophage activation patterns were identified, providing a possible determination of macrophage activations using extracellular cytokine measurements.

scholarly journals Identification of Macrophage Genotype and Key Biological Pathways in Circulating Angiogenic Cell Transcriptome

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bert R. Everaert ◽  
Steven J. Van Laere ◽  
Robrecht Lembrechts ◽  
Vicky Y. Hoymans ◽  
Jean-Pierre Timmermans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytokine Expression ◽  
Retinoid X Receptor ◽  
Farnesoid X Receptor ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Cytokine Expression Profile ◽  
Pathways Analysis ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Cell Transcriptome ◽  
And Function

Background. Circulating angiogenic cells (CAC) have been identified as important regulators of vascular biology. However, there is still considerable debate about the genotype and function of CAC. Methods and Results. Data from publicly available gene expression data sets were used to analyse the transcriptome of in vitro cultured CAC (CACiv). Genes and pathways of interest were further evaluated using qPCR comparing CACiv versus CD14+ monocytic cells. The CACiv transcriptome strongly related to tissue macrophages, and more specifically to regulatory M2c macrophages. The cytokine expression profile of CACiv was predominantly immune modulatory and resembled the cytokine expression of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM). Pathway analysis revealed previously unrecognized biological processes in CACiv, such as riboflavin metabolism and liver X receptor (LXR)/retinoid X receptor (RXR) and farnesoid X receptor (FXR)/retinoid X receptor (RXR) pathways. Analysis of endothelial-specific genes did not show evidence for endothelial transdifferentiation. Conclusions. CACiv are genotypically similar to regulatory M2c macrophages and lack signs of endothelial differentiation.

Surface Engineered Porous Silicon-based Nanostructures for Cancer Therapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adi Tzur-Balter ◽  
Naama Massad-Ivanir ◽  
Ester Segal
Keyword(s):  
Porous Silicon ◽  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Electrochemical Etching ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Cytotoxicity Studies

ABSTRACTIn this work, nanostructured porous silicon (PSi) hosts, synthesized by electrochemical etching of Si, are designed to carry and release the anti cancer drug, mitoxantrone dihydrochloride (MTX). We study the effect of surface chemistry of the Si scaffold on its properties as a drug carrier. The freshly-etched PSi is modified by surface alkylation using thermal hydrosilylation with 1-dodecene. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements are employed to characterize the PSi carriers after chemical modification. Both, drug loading efficiency and release kinetics are found to be significantly affected by surface chemistry of the PSi. In vitro cytotoxicity studies on human breast carcinoma (MDA-MB-231) cells show that the MTX released from the PSi hosts maintains its cytotoxic functionality.

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