Lifestyle Factors and Chronic Diseases: Application of a Composite Risk Index

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 296-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lixin Meng ◽  
Gertraud Maskarinec ◽  
James Lee ◽  
Laurence N. Kolonel
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Composite Risk

scholarly journals Smoking, drinking, diet and physical activity—modifiable lifestyle risk factors and their associations with age to first chronic disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Ng ◽  
Rinku Sutradhar ◽  
Zhan Yao ◽  
Walter P Wodchis ◽  
Laura C Rosella
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Competing Risk ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Heavy Smoking ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

AbstractBackgroundThis study examined the incidence of a person’s first diagnosis of a selected chronic disease, and the relationships between modifiable lifestyle risk factors and age to first of six chronic diseases.MethodsOntario respondents from 2001 to 2010 of the Canadian Community Health Survey were followed up with administrative data until 2014 for congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive respiratory disease, diabetes, lung cancer, myocardial infarction and stroke. By sex, the cumulative incidence function of age to first chronic disease was calculated for the six chronic diseases individually and compositely. The associations between modifiable lifestyle risk factors (alcohol, body mass index, smoking, diet, physical inactivity) and age to first chronic disease were estimated using cause-specific Cox proportional hazards models and Fine-Gray competing risk models.ResultsDiabetes was the most common disease. By age 70.5 years (2015 world life expectancy), 50.9% of females and 58.1% of males had at least one disease and few had a death free of the selected diseases (3.4% females; 5.4% males). Of the lifestyle factors, heavy smoking had the strongest association with the risk of experiencing at least one chronic disease (cause-specific hazard ratio = 3.86; 95% confidence interval = 3.46, 4.31). The lifestyle factors were modelled for each disease separately, and the associations varied by chronic disease and sex.ConclusionsWe found that most individuals will have at least one of the six chronic diseases before dying. This study provides a novel approach using competing risk methods to examine the incidence of chronic diseases relative to the life course and how their incidences are associated with lifestyle behaviours.

scholarly journals Irrigation Salinity Risk Assessment and Mapping in Arid Oasis, Northwest China

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jumeniyaz Seydehmet ◽  
Guang-Hui Lv ◽  
Abdugheni Abliz ◽  
Qing-Dong Shi ◽  
Abdulla Abliz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Index ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Environmental Threat ◽  
Total Soluble Salt ◽  
Composite Risk ◽  
Risk Parameters ◽  
Grey Relational

Irrigation salinity is a common environmental threat for sustainable development in the Keriya Oasis, arid Northwest China. It is mainly caused by unreasonable land management and excessive irrigation. The aim of this study was to assess and map the salinity risk distribution by developing a composite risk index (CRI) for seventeen risk parameters from traditional and scientific fields, based on maximizing deviation method and analytic hierarchy process, the grey relational analysis and the Pressure-State-Response (PSR) sustainability framework. The results demonstrated that the northern part of the Shewol and Yeghebagh village has a very high salinity risk, which might be caused by flat and low terrain, high subsoil total soluble salt, high groundwater salinity and shallow groundwater depth. In contrast, the southern part of the Oasis has a low risk of salinity because of high elevation, proper drainage conditions and a suitable groundwater table. This achievement has shown that southern parts of the Oasis are suitable for irrigation agriculture; for the northern area, there is no economically feasible solution but other areas at higher risk can be restored by artificial measures. Therefore, this study provides policy makers with baseline data for restoring the soil salinity within the Oasis.

scholarly journals Drought Risk Assessment by Using Drought Hazard and Vulnerability Indexes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Dabanli
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Drought Risk ◽  
Drought Vulnerability ◽  
Drought Hazard ◽  
Hazard Vulnerability ◽  
Composite Risk

Abstract. Drought has multiple impacts on socioeconomic sectors and it is expected to increase in the coming years due to non-stationary nature of climate variability and change. Here, we investigated drought hazard, vulnerability, and risk based on hydro-meteorological and actual socio-economic data for provinces of Turkey. Although, drought vulnerability and risk assessment are essential parts of drought phenomenon, so far, lack of proper integrated drought risk assessment in Turkey (and elsewhere) has led to higher socio-economic impacts. Firstly, the Drought Hazard Index (DHI) is derived based on the probability occurrences of drought using Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) to facilitate the understanding of drought phenomenon. Secondly, the Drought Vulnerability Index (DVI) is calculated by utilizing four socio-economic indicators to quantify drought impact on society. Finally, the Drought Risk Index (DRI) is obtained by multiplying DHI and DVI for provinces of Turkey to highlight the relative importance of hazard and vulnerability assessment for drought risk management. A set of drought hazard, vulnerability, and composite risk maps were then developed. The outputs of analysis reveal that among 81 administrative provinces in Turkey, 73 provinces are exposed to the low drought risk (0 

scholarly journals Composite risk index: the new Safety Performance Indicator of risk exposure

2020 ◽  
Vol 314 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
Tamara Pejovic
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Risk Exposure ◽  
Quality Of Reporting ◽  
Safety Risk ◽  
Composite Risk ◽  
Potential Improvement

Conceptually, all safety programmes desire accurate safety risk quantification in order to provide a meaningful expression of risk. As there are typically, multiple safety risks associated with a system or event, the quantification of total safety risk is a major challenge. One possible way to define and accept the total safety risk of any system is using the concept of a composite risk estimate. This paper represents development of the new safety performance indicator and overall methodology that could be used to measure the performance of European ATM systems as a whole and its individual entities. It describes the computation of the Composite Risk Index (CRI), logic behind it, its use (on the example EUROCONTROL Member States) and limitations and areas of potential improvement. CRI represents a cumulative risk value calculated aggregating all reported, assessed and severity classified key safety-related incidents to form an index. This measure of risk exposure is based on probability and severity that considers the human perception of equivalent risk. Overall idea behind CRI is that the performance of safety system can be analysed within three important broad categories: the quality of reporting system with reporting entity, measured risks within the system, and human perception of risk.

Foodborne Disease Risk Assessment of Foodservice Establishments in a Community

1982 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANK L. BRYAN
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Foodborne Disease ◽  
Administrative Procedure ◽  
Epidemiologic Data ◽  
Bacterial Contaminants ◽  
Composite Risk

An administrative procedure based upon epidemiologic data to estimate risk of foodborne disease from foods served in foodservice establishments is presented. The method utilizes food-property risk, food-operations risk, and average daily-patronage risk as coefficients to compute a composite risk index. The food-property risk is concerned with the characteristics of the foods prepared in an establishment in regard to the relative frequency that these foods have been, or because of their intrinsic qualities could become, vehicles of foodborne pathogens. The food-operations risk is concerned with the probability that foods are or will become contaminated, that contaminants survive or are likely to survive certain processes, and that if bacterial contaminants are present, they could multiply to sufficient quantities to cause disease. As the number of persons that eat an implicated or likely vehicle, the risk increases.

scholarly journals Climate Change Induced Flood Risk and Adaptation in the Padma River Island, Bangladesh: A Local Scale Approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Rumana Sultana ◽  
S Rafiqul Alam Rumi ◽  
MA Hanif Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Flood Disaster ◽  
Padma River ◽  
Composite Risk

Assessment of hazard characteristics, exposure, vulnerability, resilience and risk at a local scale is an important tool for identifying the capacities of households and local communities to adapt with climate change induced flood. Repeated floods with different magnitudes under variable climatic conditions are great catastrophe for the people living in flood prone regions specifically in Islands. People, infrastructure and economy are highly exposed to flood and that results in devastating flood disaster. In the Padma river Islands frequent flooding makes the life and livelihoods of people vulnerable and this vulnerability is conditioned by different factors such as people’s physical, social, economic and environmental condition. The higher is the level of vulnerability the higher is the level of flood risk. Hence, people’s resilience can minimize the negative impacts of flood disaster. A composite risk index (related to the probability of occurrence of the event, magnitude of the event, quantity and cost of the element at risk, vulnerability and resilience) was prepared to realize the climate change induced flood disaster risk. Some adaptive strategies are explored to adapt with climate change induced flood risk. Finally, Local Scale Disaster Risk Model (LSDR) was proposed to present the framework of climate change induced flood disaster risk and adaption at a local scale. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jles.v8i0.20138 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 8: 41-48, 2013

scholarly journals MICSIMPOP: MODELING HOW LIFESTYLE FACTORS AND CHRONIC DISEASES AFFECT CARE NEEDS WITH DEMENTIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 36-36
Author(s):  
C. Jagger ◽  
A. Kingston ◽  
H. Booth ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Care Needs

Unique and cumulative effects of lifestyle-related behaviors on depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 002076402199673
Author(s):  
Ruilin Cao ◽  
Tingting Gao ◽  
Hui Ren ◽  
Yueyang Hu ◽  
Zeying Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Cumulative Effects ◽  
Outdoor Activity

Background: It is well known that some lifestyle-related behaviors are related to depressive symptoms, but the unique and cumulative effects of lifestyle-related behaviors on depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents are still controversial. Aims: The aims of this study were to examine the unique and cumulative effects of lifestyle-related behaviors on depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents, and explored the potential influences of gender difference on these associations. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among 3967 Chinese adolescents aged 11 to 19 from Jilin, China during September and October of 2018. Students reported their lifestyle factors including sleep duration, time spent on computer, time spent on television, time spent on homework, eating breakfast, smoking, drinking, physical activity, and outdoor activity. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 28.2% among Chinese adolescents. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that sleep duration <8 hour/day, time spent on homework ⩾3 hour/day, skipping breakfast, alcohol use, physical activity <3 days/week, and outdoor activity <2 hour/day were positively associated with depressive symptoms in both girls and boys. Time spent on computer ⩾2 hour/day was an independent risk predictor for depressive symptoms in males, while smoking only showed higher risk of depressive symptoms in females. There was an additive relationship between the lifestyle risk index scores and the risk of depressive symptoms for both genders, the relationship being strongest among females. Conclusion: The important role of lifestyle factors should be taking into consideration when create intervention programs to prevent and reduce depressive symptoms among adolescents. In addition, preventive interventions may need to focus on gender-informed approaches when targeting multiple lifestyle factors.

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