scholarly journals Composite risk index: the new Safety Performance Indicator of risk exposure

2020 ◽  
Vol 314 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
Tamara Pejovic
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Risk Exposure ◽  
Quality Of Reporting ◽  
Safety Risk ◽  
Composite Risk ◽  
Potential Improvement

Conceptually, all safety programmes desire accurate safety risk quantification in order to provide a meaningful expression of risk. As there are typically, multiple safety risks associated with a system or event, the quantification of total safety risk is a major challenge. One possible way to define and accept the total safety risk of any system is using the concept of a composite risk estimate. This paper represents development of the new safety performance indicator and overall methodology that could be used to measure the performance of European ATM systems as a whole and its individual entities. It describes the computation of the Composite Risk Index (CRI), logic behind it, its use (on the example EUROCONTROL Member States) and limitations and areas of potential improvement. CRI represents a cumulative risk value calculated aggregating all reported, assessed and severity classified key safety-related incidents to form an index. This measure of risk exposure is based on probability and severity that considers the human perception of equivalent risk. Overall idea behind CRI is that the performance of safety system can be analysed within three important broad categories: the quality of reporting system with reporting entity, measured risks within the system, and human perception of risk.

scholarly journals Irrigation Salinity Risk Assessment and Mapping in Arid Oasis, Northwest China

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jumeniyaz Seydehmet ◽  
Guang-Hui Lv ◽  
Abdugheni Abliz ◽  
Qing-Dong Shi ◽  
Abdulla Abliz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Index ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Environmental Threat ◽  
Total Soluble Salt ◽  
Composite Risk ◽  
Risk Parameters ◽  
Grey Relational

Irrigation salinity is a common environmental threat for sustainable development in the Keriya Oasis, arid Northwest China. It is mainly caused by unreasonable land management and excessive irrigation. The aim of this study was to assess and map the salinity risk distribution by developing a composite risk index (CRI) for seventeen risk parameters from traditional and scientific fields, based on maximizing deviation method and analytic hierarchy process, the grey relational analysis and the Pressure-State-Response (PSR) sustainability framework. The results demonstrated that the northern part of the Shewol and Yeghebagh village has a very high salinity risk, which might be caused by flat and low terrain, high subsoil total soluble salt, high groundwater salinity and shallow groundwater depth. In contrast, the southern part of the Oasis has a low risk of salinity because of high elevation, proper drainage conditions and a suitable groundwater table. This achievement has shown that southern parts of the Oasis are suitable for irrigation agriculture; for the northern area, there is no economically feasible solution but other areas at higher risk can be restored by artificial measures. Therefore, this study provides policy makers with baseline data for restoring the soil salinity within the Oasis.

scholarly journals Psychological Difficulties Mediate and Self-Efficacy Moderates the Relationship Between Family Cumulative Risk and Hope Among Chinese Children From Low-Income Families

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiayun Yin ◽  
Dongfang Wang ◽  
Zhihua Li ◽  
Yuesheng Huang
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Ocean Effect ◽  
Psychological Difficulties ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
The Relationship

This longitudinal study investigated the role of psychological difficulties and self-efficacy in the relationship between family cumulative risk and hope among children from low-income families. The participants were 392 Chinese children from low-income families; the study extended for 2 years, and participants completed data that were collected with the following questionnaires: the Family Cumulative Risk Index, Children's Hope Scale, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire-Difficulties subscale, and General Self-efficacy Scale. The results demonstrated that psychological difficulties played a mediating role in the relationship between family cumulative risk and hope; specifically, family cumulative risk predicted hope of children via psychological difficulties. Self-efficacy moderated the relationship between psychological difficulties and hope. This moderation supported “a drop in the ocean effect”; the protective effect of high self-efficacy worked only when psychological difficulties were at low levels. When psychological difficulties were at high levels, the buffering effect of self-efficacy on family cumulative risk was gradually weakened and eventually lost.

scholarly journals Which adolescents develop persistent substance dependence in adulthood? Using population-representative longitudinal data to inform universal risk assessment

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 877-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Meier ◽  
W. Hall ◽  
A. Caspi ◽  
D. W. Belsky ◽  
M. Cerdá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Universal Screening ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Simple Algorithm ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Total Risk ◽  
Adolescent Risk

BackgroundTo our knowledge, there are no universal screening tools for substance dependence that (1) were developed using a population-based sample, (2) estimate total risk briefly and inexpensively by incorporating a relatively small number of well-established risk factors, and (3) aggregate risk factors using a simple algorithm. We created a universal screening tool that incorporates these features to identify adolescents at risk for persistent substance dependence in adulthood.MethodParticipants were members of a representative cohort of 1037 individuals born in Dunedin, New Zealand in 1972–1973 and followed prospectively to age 38 years, with 95% retention. We assessed a small set of childhood and adolescent risk factors: family history of substance dependence, childhood psychopathology (conduct disorder, depression), early exposure to substances, frequent substance use in adolescence, sex, and childhood socioeconomic status. We defined the outcome (persistent substance dependence in adulthood) as dependence on one or more of alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, or hard drugs at ⩾3 assessment ages: 21, 26, 32, and 38 years.ResultsA cumulative risk index, a simple sum of nine childhood and adolescent risk factors, predicted persistent substance dependence in adulthood with considerable accuracy (AUC = 0.80).ConclusionsA cumulative risk score can accurately predict which adolescents in the general population will develop persistent substance dependence in adulthood.

scholarly journals Road Safety Performance Assessment: A New Road Network Risk Index for Info Mobility

2014 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 624-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaiana Rosolino ◽  
Iuele Teresa ◽  
Astarita Vittorio ◽  
Festa D. Carmine ◽  
Tassitani Antonio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Network Risk

PENGUATAN BUDAYA KESELAMATAN DI INSTALASI ELEMEN BAKAR EKSPERIMENTAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Heri Hardiyanti ◽  
B. Herutomo ◽  
B. Briyatmoko
Keyword(s):  
International Atomic Energy Agency ◽  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Atomic Energy ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Safety Leadership ◽  
Analysis System

PENGUATAN BUDAYA KESELAMATAN DI INSTALASI ELEMEN BAHAN BAKAR EKSPERIMENTAL (IEBE) dititik-beratkan pada upaya membangun kesadaran personil akan pentingnya keselamatan kerja dan keselamatan instalasi. Sasarannya agar setiap personil memiliki rasa tanggungjawab atas keselamatan dan mau berkontribusi aktif dalam pengembangan budaya keselamatan di IEBE. Tujuannya meningkatkan jaminan keselamatan secara berkelanjutan dalam pengoperasian IEBE (personil, masyarakat, lingkungan). Penguatan budaya keselamatan dilakukan dengan mengacu pada atribut budaya keselamatan yang kuat sebaga imana terdapat dalam International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Safety Guide GS-G-3.5. Strategi utama yang dilakukan adalah; (a) intemalisasi nilai -nilai keselamatan melalui briefing pagi, coffee morning, poster/spanduk , workshop dan pelatihan; (b) meningkatkan efekti titas kepemimpinan melalui walktime pimpinan di tempat kerja, pelatihan safety leadership, dan kualifikasi personil; (c) integralisasi keselamatan dalam proses kerja melalui job hazard analysis (JHA), workplace hazard assesment (WHA), housekeeping melalui kerjabakti membersihkan dan merapikan tempat kerja; (d) pembelajaran keselamatan melalui inspeksi keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3), kaji diri keselamatan, pelaporan terbuka masalah keselamatan (nearmiss, incident, accident), partisipasi dalam Fuel incident Notification and Analysis System (FINAS); dan (e) meningkatkan akuntabilitas kinerja keselamatan melalui pelaporan rutin keselamatan operasi ke badan pengawas, pengisian dan evaluasi Safety Performance Indicator (SPI), detinisi peran dan tanggungjawab setiap personil, dan lain lain. Model SPI yang dikembangkan IEBE - BATAN telah dipakai sebagai contoh SPI Instalasi Nuklir Non Reaktor di Indonesia oleh Badan Pengawas Tenaga Nuklir (Bapeten). Melalui kegiatan tersebut terlihat nyata adanya kemajuan dalam budaya keselamatan di IEBE, yaitu meningkatnya keterlibatan dan tanggungjawab personil dalam perbaikan berkelanjutan kinerja keselamatan kerja, membaiknya kondisi housekeeping (kerapihan dan kebersihan) tempat kerja, dan keselamatan kerja.

Diurnal cortisol rhythms in youth from risky families: Effects of cumulative risk exposure and variation in the serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region gene

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (4pt1) ◽  
pp. 999-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia J. Willner ◽  
Pamela A. Morris ◽  
Dana Charles McCoy ◽  
Emma K. Adam
Keyword(s):  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Risk Exposure ◽  
Polymorphic Region ◽  
Region Gene ◽  
Diurnal Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Levels

AbstractBuilding on research on cumulative risk and psychopathology, this study examines how cumulative risk exposure is associated with altered diurnal cortisol rhythms in an ethnically diverse, low-income sample of youth. In addition, consistent with a diathesis-stress perspective, this study explores whether the effect of environmental risk is moderated by allelic variation in the serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) gene. Results show that youth with greater cumulative risk exposure had flatter diurnal cortisol slopes, regardless of5-HTTLPRgenotype. However, the association of cumulative risk with average cortisol output (area under the curve [AUC]) was moderated by the5-HTTLPRgenotype. Among youth homozygous for the long allele, greater cumulative risk exposure was associated with lower cortisol AUC, driven by significant reductions in cortisol levels at waking. In contrast, there was a trend-level association between greater cumulative risk and higher cortisol AUC among youth carrying the short allele, driven by a trend-level increase in bedtime cortisol levels. Findings are discussed with regard to the relevance of dysregulated diurnal cortisol rhythms for the development of psychopathology and the implications of genetically mediated differences in psychophysiological adaptations to stress.

Portuguese mainland road network safety performance indicator

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Viera Gomes ◽  
João Lourenço Cardoso ◽  
Carlos Lima Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Network Safety

scholarly journals Drought Risk Assessment by Using Drought Hazard and Vulnerability Indexes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Dabanli
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Drought Risk ◽  
Drought Vulnerability ◽  
Drought Hazard ◽  
Hazard Vulnerability ◽  
Composite Risk

Abstract. Drought has multiple impacts on socioeconomic sectors and it is expected to increase in the coming years due to non-stationary nature of climate variability and change. Here, we investigated drought hazard, vulnerability, and risk based on hydro-meteorological and actual socio-economic data for provinces of Turkey. Although, drought vulnerability and risk assessment are essential parts of drought phenomenon, so far, lack of proper integrated drought risk assessment in Turkey (and elsewhere) has led to higher socio-economic impacts. Firstly, the Drought Hazard Index (DHI) is derived based on the probability occurrences of drought using Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) to facilitate the understanding of drought phenomenon. Secondly, the Drought Vulnerability Index (DVI) is calculated by utilizing four socio-economic indicators to quantify drought impact on society. Finally, the Drought Risk Index (DRI) is obtained by multiplying DHI and DVI for provinces of Turkey to highlight the relative importance of hazard and vulnerability assessment for drought risk management. A set of drought hazard, vulnerability, and composite risk maps were then developed. The outputs of analysis reveal that among 81 administrative provinces in Turkey, 73 provinces are exposed to the low drought risk (0 

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