scholarly journals Irrigation Salinity Risk Assessment and Mapping in Arid Oasis, Northwest China

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jumeniyaz Seydehmet ◽  
Guang-Hui Lv ◽  
Abdugheni Abliz ◽  
Qing-Dong Shi ◽  
Abdulla Abliz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Index ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Environmental Threat ◽  
Total Soluble Salt ◽  
Composite Risk ◽  
Risk Parameters ◽  
Grey Relational

Irrigation salinity is a common environmental threat for sustainable development in the Keriya Oasis, arid Northwest China. It is mainly caused by unreasonable land management and excessive irrigation. The aim of this study was to assess and map the salinity risk distribution by developing a composite risk index (CRI) for seventeen risk parameters from traditional and scientific fields, based on maximizing deviation method and analytic hierarchy process, the grey relational analysis and the Pressure-State-Response (PSR) sustainability framework. The results demonstrated that the northern part of the Shewol and Yeghebagh village has a very high salinity risk, which might be caused by flat and low terrain, high subsoil total soluble salt, high groundwater salinity and shallow groundwater depth. In contrast, the southern part of the Oasis has a low risk of salinity because of high elevation, proper drainage conditions and a suitable groundwater table. This achievement has shown that southern parts of the Oasis are suitable for irrigation agriculture; for the northern area, there is no economically feasible solution but other areas at higher risk can be restored by artificial measures. Therefore, this study provides policy makers with baseline data for restoring the soil salinity within the Oasis.

scholarly journals Assessment of heavy metals contamination and associated risks in shallow groundwater sources from three different residential areas within Ibadan metropolis, southwest Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saheed Adekunle Ganiyu ◽  
Abimbola Temitope Oyadeyi ◽  
Azeem Adedeji Adeyemi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
World Health ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
The Mean

AbstractThis study has been conducted to appraise the concentrations of selected heavy metals and total dissolved solids (TDSs) in the drinking water from shallow wells in parts of Ibadan metropolis, southwest Nigeria. Fifteen (15) water samples were collected from three representative residential locations [traditional core area (TCA), peri-urban area (PUA), and urban area (UA)] for geochemical analysis. Heavy metals and TDS were analyzed with the aid of atomic absorption spectrophotometer and calibrated meter, respectively. The mean concentration (mg/L) of Zn, Pb Mn, Fe, and Cd has been 3.930, 0.658, 0.0304, 1.698, and 0.501, respectively, and as a consequence, the order of abundance of studied metals was Zn > Fe > Pb > Cd > Mn. Concentrations of Zn, Fe, Pb, and Cd were higher than recommended standards in 60%, 86.7%, 100%, and 100% of groundwater samples, respectively. However, at all points tested, the mean concentrations of Mn and TDS in water samples lie within the safe limits set by World Health Organization. The evaluation of geoaccumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), and contamination factor suggests that representative water samples were low-to-moderate contamination. The potential ecological risk index advocates low-to-moderate ecological risk in TCA and PUA, while it demonstrated exclusive “moderate” risk in UA. Further, the range of pollution load index (PLI) (0.55–1.32) in both TCA and PUA shows nil-to-moderate pollution status, while PLI values > 1 in UA indicate moderate contaminated state. The degree of contamination in groundwater showed the following trends: UA > TCA > PUA in the study area. Moreover, the results of EF and quantification of contamination of analyzed metals in water samples indicate geogenic and anthropogenic inputs. The contribution of studied metals to the incidence of non-cancer risk via oral intake within the residential sites follows the order: cadmium > lead > zinc > iron > manganese. The hazard index as a result of ingested heavy metals for the three population classes surpasses the acceptable range in the order of infant < child < adult. Cadmium and lead made considerable impact to the estimation of cancer risk in the study area for the three human population categories. Factor analysis extracted only one component that explained 94.64% of the entire variance, while cluster analysis identified three distinct groups based on similar water quality characteristics. Based on the findings of the study, awareness programs toward protecting the shallow groundwater sources should be launched, encouraged, and sustained. Moreover, the study suggests better hygienic practices and pre-treatment of contaminated water before consumption.

Water abundance analysis of aquifer in coal roof based on grey relational analysis and analytic hierarchy process

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-494
Author(s):  
Li Bo
Keyword(s):  
Analytic Hierarchy Process ◽  
Grey Relational Analysis ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Evaluation Index System ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Water Abundance ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Grey Relational ◽  
Hierarchy Process

As water abundance of aquifer of coal roof significantly influences roof water hazard, evaluating and grading the degree of water abundance are important in practical application. By analyzing the influencing factors of water abundance of aquifer, an evaluation index system and a grading standard for the water abundance were established integrating quantitative and qualitative indexes. Meanwhile, according to the grey relation characteristics of the major factors influencing water abundance, a multi-factor evaluation model for water abundance was constructed based on grey relational analysis and analytic hierarchy process. The model can objectively reveal the influences of the multiple factors on the evaluation of water abundance. Furthermore, the method was verified by comprehensively evaluating the water abundance of the aquifer of coal roof in a working face of Pingshuo Coal Mine in Shanxi, China using the model. The method provides basis for the research on the evaluation of water abundance of aquifer in coal roof.

scholarly journals Hydrogeochemistry and Quality Assessment of Shallow Groundwater in the Southern Part of the Yellow River Alluvial Plain (Zhongwei Section), Northwest China

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peiyue Li ◽  
Jianhua Wu ◽  
Hui Qian
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Alluvial Plain ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Mineralized Water

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">Statistical analyses, a Piper diagram, the saturation index and the correlations of chemical parameters were used to reveal the hydrogeochemistry and hydrogeochemical evolution of shallow groundwater in the southern part of the Zhongwei section of the Yellow River alluvial plain. The water quality for agricultural and domestic uses was also assessed in the study. The results suggest that the shallow groundwater in the study area is fresh to moderately mineralized water. Higher Ca<sup>2+</sup> and HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> are observed in the less mineralized water, whereas Na<sup>+</sup> and SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> are common ions in the highly mineralized water. The major hydrochemical facies for groundwater with total dissolved solids (TDS) &lt;1 g/L are HCO<sub>3</sub>-Ca·Mg and HCO<sub>3</sub>-Ca·Na·Mg, and for groundwater with TDS &gt; 1 g/L, SO<sub>4</sub>·Cl-Na and SO<sub>4</sub>·Cl-Na·Mg·Ca are the predominant hydrochemical types. The main reactions in the groundwater system are the dissolution/precipitation of gypsum, fluorite, halite, calcite and dolomite. Cation exchange is also important in controlling the groundwater chemistry. The water samples assessed in the paper are of acceptable quality for agricultural use, but most of them are not fit for direct human consumption (drinking). TDS, total hardness (TH), Cl<sup>-</sup> and SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> are the main indices that result in the poor drinking water quality.</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><strong>Resumen</strong></p><p>Análisis estadísticos, un diagrama de Piper, el índice de saturación y la correlación de los parámetros químicos fueron utilizados para revelar la hidrogeoquímica y la evolución hidrogeoquímica de las aguas subterráneas poco profundas en la parte sur de la sección Zhongwei en la planicie aluvial del río Amarillo. La calidad del agua para el uso doméstico y agrícola también fue evaluada en este estudio. Los resultados sugieren que las aguas subterráneas poco profundas en el área de estudio son entre frescas y moderadamente mineralizadas. Un índice mayor de Ca2+ y HCO3- se observó en las aguas menos mineralizadas, mientras que Na+ y SO42- son iones comunes en las aguas altamente mineralizadas. Los perfiles hidroquímicos predominantes para las aguas subterráneas con Total de Sólidos Disueltos (TDS) &lt;1 g/L son HCO3-Ca·Mg y HCO3-Ca·Na·Mg, y para las aguas subterráneas con TDS &gt;1 g/L, SO4·Cl-Na y SO4·Cl-Na·Mg·Ca. Las mayores reacciones en el sistema de aguas subterráneas son la disolución/ precipitación de yeso, fluorita, halita, calcita y dolomita. El intercambio de cationes también es importante en el control de la química de las aguas subterráneas. Las muestras de agua evaluadas en este manuscrito son de calidad aceptable para el uso agrícola, pero la mayoría no son aptas para el consumo humano. El índice TDS, la dureza total del agua (TH), Cl- y SO42- son las razones principales que influyen en la baja calidad de esta agua.</p>

scholarly journals Research on Risk Measurement of Supply Chain Emergencies in International Capacity Cooperation

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5184
Author(s):  
Bo-Rui Yan ◽  
Qian-Li Dong ◽  
Qian Li
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Risk Measurement ◽  
Country Risk ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy Process Method ◽  
Measurement Index System ◽  
Hierarchy Process

International capacity cooperation is easily affected by the interweaving of its internal and external environment. As the risk accumulation exceeds the threshold, a supply chain crisis and even emergency will occur and serious losses will be caused. Regarding multinational operation and international capacity cooperation, 208 cases were summarized to identify risk types and high-incidence areas, and a risk measurement index system was established. A Fuzzy AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method was used to evaluate the importance of each risk index. It was found that country risk was the main cause of supply chain emergencies in international capacity cooperation. Construction, water and electricity supply, mining and manufacturing were major areas of emergencies. In international capacity cooperation, country risk and cross-cultural risk were more important in external risks, while in internal risk, financial risk and decision risk were more important.

scholarly journals Quality Assessments of Shallow Groundwaters for Drinking and Irrigation Purposes: Insights from a Case Study (Jinta Basin, Heihe Drainage Area, Northwest China)

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianguo Feng ◽  
Hao Sun ◽  
Minghao He ◽  
Zongjun Gao ◽  
Jiutan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Agricultural Irrigation ◽  
Weakly Alkaline ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Evaporative Concentration ◽  
Major Factors

This study aimed to determine the hydrochemical characteristics and hydrogeochemical processes of shallow groundwater in the Jinta Basin, northwest China, and to evaluate the suitability of groundwater quality for drinking water and agricultural irrigation. A systematic hydrogeological survey was conducted in the study area from May 2017 to October 2018, during which 123 representative samples of groundwater were selected for analysis of chemical parameters and determination of the water quality index. The results showed that the pH of groundwater in the study area was weakly alkaline and ranged between 7.21–8.93. Dominant cations were Mg2+ and Na+ and the dominant anion was SO42−. Along the groundwater flow from the southwest to northeast, the dominant groundwater chemistry type in the recharge area was Mg-HCO3·SO4. After the transition of the groundwater types in the runoff area to Mg-SO4·HCO3 and Mg·Na-SO4, the groundwater type in the discharge area evolved into Na·Mg-SO4·Cl. The major factors driving the evolution of groundwater chemical types in the Jinta Basin were found to be rock weathering, evaporation and precipitation. The chemical components of groundwater mainly originated from the dissolution of silicate rock and evaporative concentration of salt under water-rock interaction, whereas the dissolution of carbonate had little influence. The quality of drinking water was divided into five groups, and 39.84% of samples fell within the high and good quality groups. The quality of agricultural irrigation water was divided into different grades according to different methods.

Grey relational decision making model of three-parameter interval grey number based on AHP and DEA

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-37
Author(s):  
Bingjun Li ◽  
Xiaoxiao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Agriculture Industry ◽  
Parameter Interval ◽  
Grey Number ◽  
Index Weight ◽  
Decision Making Model ◽  
Grey Relational ◽  
Grey Relation

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to put forward the grey relational decision-making model of three-parameter interval grey number based on Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), based on the previous study of grey relational decision-making model, and it considers the advantages of the decision-making schemes and the subjective preferences of decision makers. Design/methodology/approach First of all, through AHP, the preference of each index is analyzed and the index weight is determined. Second, the DEA model is adopted to obtain the index weight from the perspective of the most beneficial to each scheme and objectively reflect the advantages of different schemes. Then, assign the comprehensive weights to each index of the grey relational decision-making model of three-parameter interval grey number, and calculate the grey relation degree of each scheme to rank the schemes. Findings The effectiveness of the model is proved by an example of carrier aircraft selection. Practical implications The applicability of this model is analyzed by taking carrier aircraft selection as an example. In fact, this model can also be widely used in agriculture, industry, economy, society and other fields. Originality/value In this paper, the combination of AHP and DEA is used to determine the index weight. Based on which, the grey relation degree under the three-parameter interval grey number is calculated. It intended the application space of the grey relational decision-making model.

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