Late Quaternary Vegetation and Climatic History of the Long Valley Area, West-Central Idaho, U.S.A.

2001 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Doerner ◽  
Paul E. Carrara
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
West Central ◽  
Long Valley ◽  
Pollen Rain ◽  
History Of ◽  
Climatic History ◽  
Valley Area ◽  
Central Idaho

AbstractPaleoenvironmental data, including pollen and sediment analyses, radiocarbon ages, and tephra identifications of a core recovered from a fen, provide a ca. 16,500 14C yr B.P. record of late Quaternary vegetation and climate change in the Long Valley area of west-central Idaho. The fen was deglaciated prior to ca. 16,500 14C yr B.P., after which the pollen rain was dominated by Artemisia, suggesting that a cold, dry climate prevailed until ca. 12,200 14C yr B.P. From ca. 12,200 to 9750 14C yr B.P. temperatures gradually increased and a cool, moist climate similar to the present prevailed. During this period a closed spruce–pine forest surrounded the fen. This cool, moist climate was briefly interrupted by a dry and/or cold interval between ca. 10,800 and 10,400 14C yr B.P. that may be related to the Younger Dryas climatic oscillation. From ca. 9750 to 3200 14C yr B.P. the regional climate was significantly warmer and drier than at present and an open pine forest dominated the area around the fen. Maximum aridity occurred after the deposition of the Mazama tephra (ca. 6730 14C yr B.P.). After 3200 14C yr B.P. regional cooling brought cool, moist conditions to the area; the establishment of the modern montane forest around the fen and present-day cool and moist climate began at ca. 2000 14C yr B.P.

Late Quaternary micromammals and the precipitation history of the southern Cape, South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 848-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Tyler Faith ◽  
Brian M. Chase ◽  
D. Margaret Avery
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Summer Rainfall ◽  
Tyto Alba ◽  
Winter Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Seasonality ◽  
Barn Owls ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Last Glacial

AbstractThe southern Cape of South Africa is important to understanding regional climate because it straddles the transition between the winter and summer rainfall zones. We examine late Quaternary changes in rainfall seasonality and aridity through analysis of micromammal assemblages from three sites: Boomplaas Cave and Nelson Bay Cave in the aseasonal rainfall zone and Byneskranskop 1 in the winter rainfall zone. Our interpretation is based on analysis of 123 modern micromammal assemblages accumulated by barn owls (Tyto alba), which empirically links species composition to climate. The Pleistocene record (∼65 to 12 ka) from Boomplaas Cave, together with the last glacial maximum (LGM) samples from Nelson Bay Cave, indicates enhanced winter rainfall, especially during the LGM. Boomplaas Cave documents progressive aridification from the LGM to the earliest Holocene, followed by a return to moderately humid conditions through the Holocene. Byneskranskop 1 indicates a dominance of winter rains over the last 17 ka and a shift from an arid middle Holocene to a humid later Holocene. Agreement between the micromammal record and other local and regional proxies reinforces the potential of southern African micromammal assemblages as paleoclimate indicators.

Late Quaternary vegetation and climatic history of eastern Nepal

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 837-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuh Yonebayashi ◽  
Mutsuhiko Minaki
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
History Of ◽  
Climatic History

scholarly journals Late-Quaternary Vegetational and Climatic History of the Yellowstone/Grand Teton Region

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 189-192
Author(s):  
Cathy Barnosky
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Sediment Accumulation ◽  
Fire Frequency ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Sediment Chemistry ◽  
History Of ◽  
Climatic History

The research underway has focused on two different aspects of the environmental history of the Yellowstone/Grand Teton region. One objective has been to examine the long-term vegetational and climatic history of Jackson Hole, the Pinyon Peak Highlands, and Yellowstone Park since the end of late Pinedale glaciation, about 14,000 years ago. Fossil pollen in sediment cores from lakes in the region is being analyzed to clarify the nature and composition of ice-age refugia, the rate and direction of plant migrations in the initial stages of reforestation, and the long-term stability of postglacial communities. Sedimentary charcoal also is being examined to reconstruct fire frequency during different climatic regions and different vegetation types in the past. This information is necessary to assess the sensitivity of plant communities to environmental change and to understand postglacial landscapes of the northern rocky Mountains. The second objective has been a multidisciplinary investigation of the relationship of climate to sedimentation rates in lakes and ponds in Yellowstone, undertaken with Drs. Wright, D.R. Engstrom and S.C. Fritz of the University of Minnesota. This facet of the research examines the relative importance of climate, fire, hillslope erosion induced by overgrazing, and nutrient enrichment in the last 150 years, as recorded in selected lakes in the northern range of Yellowstone. Populations of elk and bison are known to have fluctuated greatly during this interval, and slight climatic changes are suggested from other lines of research. In this study pollen, diatoms, charcoal, sediment chemistry, and sediment accumulation rates are analyzed in short cores from small lakes.

scholarly journals Late Quaternary Vegetation History of Northern North America Based on Pollen, Macrofossil, and Faunal Remains*

2007 ◽  
Vol 59 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 211-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur S. Dyke
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation History ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Faunal Remains ◽  
Climate Trends ◽  
Regional Warming ◽  
Migration Rates ◽  
History Of ◽  
Strong Control ◽  
The Last Glacial

AbstractBiome maps spanning the interval from the last glacial maximum to modern times are presented. The biome distributions at 18 ka BP were probably as nearly in equilibrium with climate as are the modern distributions, but deglacial biomes were probably in disequilibrium. Ice sheet configuration was a strong control of climate until 7 ka BP. Regional climate trends can be inferred from changing biome distributions, but during periods of disequilibrium, biome distributions under-represent summer warming. Because of summer cooling by 2-4 °C during the Holocene, largely in the last 3-5 ka, middle and certain early Holocene biome distributions and species compositions are reasonable analogues of future equilibrium displacements due to equivalent warming, at least in areas that were long-since deglaciated. Past biome migration rates in response to rapid regional warming during deglaciation were mainly in the range of 100-200 m per year. If these rates pertain in the future, biomes may shift 10-20 km in most regions over the next century. A major impediment to using former Holocene conditions as a guide to future conditions is that warmer Holocene summers were accompanied by colder winters, whereas warmer future summers will be accompanied by warmer winters.

scholarly journals Exploring seasonal accumulation bias in a west central Greenland ice core with observed and reanalyzed data

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (224) ◽  
pp. 1065-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacy E. Porter ◽  
Ellen Mosley-Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
The North ◽  
West Central ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
Winter Circulation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Summer Maximum ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation

AbstractThe seasonality of accumulation in west central Greenland is investigated to determine whether a summer bias exists in a multi-century ice core recovered from Crawford Point (CP). Such a bias would negatively affect the ice core’s potential for reconstructing the history of winter circulation patterns including the North Atlantic Oscillation. An automatic weather station (AWS) installed at the CP site in 1995 records sub-daily surface heights and affords a unique opportunity to assess the seasonal distribution of accumulation and test the performance of five gridded reanalysis datasets and a regional climate model. Simulated accumulation compares remarkably well with in situ measurements from both the AWS and CP ice core, demonstrating their potential to accurately represent accumulation in this region. Seasonal accumulation exhibits no summer maximum, indicating that any concurrent precipitation maximum is likely offset by melt and/or sublimation effects. The lack of a strong seasonal accumulation bias implies that the CP ice core is well suited for future investigations of the history of winter circulation patterns.

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