Energy of Brain Potentials Evoked During Visual Stimulus: A New Biometric?

2005 ◽  
pp. 735-740
Author(s):  
Ramaswamy Palaniappan ◽  
Danilo P. Mandic
Keyword(s):  
Visual Stimulus ◽  
Brain Potentials

Effects of visual stimulus complexity on event-related brain potentials and viewing duration in a free-viewing task

2011 ◽  
Vol 497 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanayo Shigeto ◽  
Junko Ishiguro ◽  
Hiroshi Nittono
Keyword(s):  
Visual Stimulus ◽  
Stimulus Complexity ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Free Viewing

Processing Spatial and Temporal Discontinuities: Electrophysiological Indicators

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friederike Schlaghecken ◽  
Cristina Meinecke ◽  
Erich Schröger
Keyword(s):  
Visual Stimulus ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Texture Segmentation ◽  
Behavioral Performance ◽  
Physical Stimulus ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Latency Range ◽  
Stimulus Features ◽  
Segmentation Task ◽  
Spatial Discontinuity

Abstract In a series of four experiments measuring behavioral performance and event-related brain potentials (“ERPs”) in a texture segmentation task, we investigated whether there is evidence that texture stimuli containing a local discontinuity (“D-textures”) are conceptually different from homogeneous stimuli (“H-textures”). Stimuli were presented in an oddball design, with relative frequency of D-textures and H-textures being varied between experiments. It was found that these stimuli are not interchangeable in an oddball situation, as rare D-textures in a context of frequent H-textures give rise to the typical N2b-P3b effects, whereas rare H-textures in a context of frequent D-textures do not. This asymmetry arose because D-textures always elicited enlarged P3b components regardless of their relative frequency. It was concluded that the spatial discontinuity in D-textures adds a feature of “targetness” to these stimuli. Moreover, it was found that a posterior negative-going shift in the N2b latency range (“pN2b”) was mainly modulated by visual stimulus features. This result confirms and extends earlier findings demonstrating the sensitivity of the posterior N2b to physical stimulus characteristics.

Skipping Breakfast Affects the Early Steps of Cognitive Processing

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Andrés Antonio González-Garrido ◽  
Jacobo José Brofman-Epelbaum ◽  
Fabiola Reveca Gómez-Velázquez ◽  
Sebastián Agustín Balart-Sánchez ◽  
Julieta Ramos-Loyo
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Brain Functioning ◽  
Attentional Processes ◽  
Electrical Brain Activity ◽  
Skipping Breakfast

Abstract. It has been generally accepted that skipping breakfast adversely affects cognition, mainly disturbing the attentional processes. However, the effects of short-term fasting upon brain functioning are still unclear. We aimed to evaluate the effect of skipping breakfast on cognitive processing by studying the electrical brain activity of young healthy individuals while performing several working memory tasks. Accordingly, the behavioral results and event-related brain potentials (ERPs) of 20 healthy university students (10 males) were obtained and compared through analysis of variances (ANOVAs), during the performance of three n-back working memory (WM) tasks in two morning sessions on both normal (after breakfast) and 12-hour fasting conditions. Significantly fewer correct responses were achieved during fasting, mainly affecting the higher WM load task. In addition, there were prolonged reaction times with increased task difficulty, regardless of breakfast intake. ERP showed a significant voltage decrement for N200 and P300 during fasting, while the amplitude of P200 notably increased. The results suggest skipping breakfast disturbs earlier cognitive processing steps, particularly attention allocation, early decoding in working memory, and stimulus evaluation, and this effect increases with task difficulty.

Do Event-Related Brain Potentials Reflect Mental (Cognitive) Operations?

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Kotchoubey
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Internal Variables ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Cognitive Operations ◽  
External Variables ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Mental Operations ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Processing Mechanisms

Abstract Most cognitive psychophysiological studies assume (1) that there is a chain of (partially overlapping) cognitive processes (processing stages, mechanisms, operators) leading from stimulus to response, and (2) that components of event-related brain potentials (ERPs) may be regarded as manifestations of these processing stages. What is usually discussed is which particular processing mechanisms are related to some particular component, but not whether such a relationship exists at all. Alternatively, from the point of view of noncognitive (e. g., “naturalistic”) theories of perception ERP components might be conceived of as correlates of extraction of the information from the experimental environment. In a series of experiments, the author attempted to separate these two accounts, i. e., internal variables like mental operations or cognitive parameters versus external variables like information content of stimulation. Whenever this separation could be performed, the latter factor proved to significantly affect ERP amplitudes, whereas the former did not. These data indicate that ERPs cannot be unequivocally linked to processing mechanisms postulated by cognitive models of perception. Therefore, they cannot be regarded as support for these models.

The Relation Between Aerobic Fitness and Cognitive Performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Hao Wang ◽  
Chun-Ming Shih ◽  
Chia-Liang Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Eeg Data ◽  
Attention Performance ◽  
P3 Amplitude ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. This study aimed to assess whether brain potentials have significant influences on the relationship between aerobic fitness and cognition. Behavioral and electroencephalographic (EEG) data was collected from 48 young adults when performing a Posner task. Higher aerobic fitness is related to faster reaction times (RTs) along with greater P3 amplitude and shorter P3 latency in the valid trials, after controlling for age and body mass index. Moreover, RTs were selectively related to P3 amplitude rather than P3 latency. Specifically, the bootstrap-based mediation model indicates that P3 amplitude mediates the relationship between fitness level and attention performance. Possible explanations regarding the relationships among aerobic fitness, cognitive performance, and brain potentials are discussed.

On the Nature of Gender Categorization

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Tomelleri ◽  
Luigi Castelli
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Processing Stage ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Ongoing Process ◽  
Gender Categorization

In the present paper, relying on event-related brain potentials (ERPs), we investigated the automatic nature of gender categorization focusing on different stages of the ongoing process. In particular, we explored the degree to which gender categorization occurs automatically by manipulating the semantic vs. nonsemantic processing goals requested by the task (Study 1) and the complexity of the task itself (Study 2). Results of Study 1 highlighted the automatic nature of categorization at an early (N170) and on a later processing stage (P300). Findings of Study 2 showed that at an early stage categorization was automatically driven by the ease of extraction of category-based knowledge from faces while, at a later stage, categorization was more influenced by situational constrains.

Event related brain potentials and cognitive processing: Implications for navy training.

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory W. Lewis ◽  
Pat-Anthony Federico ◽  
Jeffrey N. Froning ◽  
Marlene Calder
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Brain Potentials
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