The Relation Between Aerobic Fitness and Cognitive Performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Hao Wang ◽  
Chun-Ming Shih ◽  
Chia-Liang Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Eeg Data ◽  
Attention Performance ◽  
P3 Amplitude ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. This study aimed to assess whether brain potentials have significant influences on the relationship between aerobic fitness and cognition. Behavioral and electroencephalographic (EEG) data was collected from 48 young adults when performing a Posner task. Higher aerobic fitness is related to faster reaction times (RTs) along with greater P3 amplitude and shorter P3 latency in the valid trials, after controlling for age and body mass index. Moreover, RTs were selectively related to P3 amplitude rather than P3 latency. Specifically, the bootstrap-based mediation model indicates that P3 amplitude mediates the relationship between fitness level and attention performance. Possible explanations regarding the relationships among aerobic fitness, cognitive performance, and brain potentials are discussed.

scholarly journals Maximum Oxygen Uptake and Post-Exercise Recovery in Professional Road Cyclists

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Rutkowski ◽  
Marek Zatoń ◽  
Kamil Michalik
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Recovery Potential ◽  
Road Cyclists ◽  
Post Exercise Recovery ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Level Training

AbstractThe aim was to investigate the relationship between aerobic fitness as ascribed by maximum oxygen uptake (VOA sample of 17 professional cyclists (age 17.4 ± 3.1 years; VOPost-exercise VOAs recovery potential is associated with the aerobic fitness level, training effects may be monitored based on the recovery of VO

scholarly journals Interference of Cellular Phone Conversations with Visuomotor Tasks: An ERP Study

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis García-Larrea ◽  
Caroline Perchet ◽  
Fabien Perrin ◽  
Elena Amenedo
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Times ◽  
Cellular Phone ◽  
Motor Preparation ◽  
Readiness Potential ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Attentional Allocation ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Visual Reaction ◽  
P3 Amplitude ◽  
Stimulus Identification

The use of mobile phones has been shown to increase drivers' reaction times (RTs), but whether this results from interference with attention, stimulus identification, or response production remains unclear. We recorded RTs and event-related brain potentials (ERPs) reflecting speed of stimulus processing, attentional allocation, and preparedness to respond during a visual reaction task performed with or without the concomitant use of a mobile phone, in either “hands-free” or “phone-in-hand” operating modes. As expected, maintaining a phone conversation increased RTs to visual targets, this effect being associated with complex ERP effects. Phone conversations did not appear to delay target detection times, as assessed by N2-P3 latencies, but did significantly decrease stimulus-induced alerting and attentional allocation (P3 amplitude) and interfered with motor preparation processes (readiness potential). P3 amplitude drop was identical whatever the mode of phone use, while decrease of readiness potential was progressive from the “hands-free” to the “phone-in-hand” condition. These results suggest that two mechanisms contributed to degrade performance in this experiment: first, a general decrease of attention to sensory inputs, characteristic of “dual-task” situations, probably acting through a delay in sensory-motor transfer times. This effect was independent of whether the phone was handled or “hands-free.” Conversely, the second factor was specifically sensitive to manipulation of the phone and caused a weakening of the readiness to respond with a motor act.

scholarly journals The Acute Effects of Yoga on Executive Function

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Gothe ◽  
Matthew B. Pontifex ◽  
Charles Hillman ◽  
Edward McAuley
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Cognitive Assessments ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
The Relationship

Background:Despite an increase in the prevalence of yoga exercise, research focusing on the relationship between yoga exercise and cognition is limited. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an acute yoga exercise session, relative to aerobic exercise, on cognitive performance.Methods:A repeated measures design was employed where 30 female college-aged participants (Mean age = 20.07, SD = 1.95) completed 3 counterbalanced testing sessions: a yoga exercise session, an aerobic exercise session, and a baseline assessment. The flanker and n-back tasks were used to measure cognitive performance.Results:Results showed that cognitive performance after the yoga exercise bout was significantly superior (ie, shorter reaction times, increased accuracy) as compared with the aerobic and baseline conditions for both inhibition and working memory tasks. The aerobic and baseline performance was not significantly different, contradicting some of the previous findings in the acute aerobic exercise and cognition literature.Conclusion:These findings are discussed relative to the need to explore the effects of other nontraditional modes of exercise such as yoga on cognition and the importance of time elapsed between the cessation of the exercise bout and the initiation of cognitive assessments in improving task performance.

Relationship between aerobic fitness level and daily energy expenditure in weight-stable humans

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (1) ◽  
pp. E121-E128 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Sharp ◽  
G. W. Reed ◽  
M. Sun ◽  
N. N. Abumrad ◽  
J. O. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between exercise and energy expenditure is unclear, with some suggestions that exercise leads to increased energy expenditure over and beyond the increase due to the exercise itself. In this cross-sectional study, we examined the relationships among aerobic fitness level, body composition, and total daily energy expenditure in 78 subjects. Daily energy expenditure (determined in a whole room calorimeter) was significantly correlated with both fat-free mass (FFM) and aerobic fitness (estimated from maximum aerobic capacity or VO2max). However, multiple-regression analysis demonstrated that, after accounting for FFM, VO2max did not explain a significant amount of the remaining variation in energy expenditure. In addition, the relationship between resting metabolic rate and both FFM and VO2max was evaluated using data from 214 weight-stable subjects analyzed retrospectively. The results were identical with the results obtained from the 78 subjects in that VO2max did not have effects independent of FFM on energy expenditure. We conclude that aerobic fitness does not have a direct effect on energy expenditure. However, it may have effects that are mediated through body composition, since in both populations studied here, VO2max was positively correlated with FFM and negatively correlated with adiposity.

The relationship between aerobic fitness level and metabolic profiles in healthy adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 1246-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciara Morris ◽  
Colm O. Grada ◽  
Miriam Ryan ◽  
Helen M. Roche ◽  
Giuseppe De Vito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals COGNITIVE RESERVE AND COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE IN HEALTHY LATVIAN SENIORS

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Kristīne Šneidere ◽  
Sonia Montemurro ◽  
Sara Mondini ◽  
Jelena Harlamova ◽  
Zane Ulmane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Reserve ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Normal Ageing ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
The Relationship

In the next 30 years, a significant increase of the population aged over 65 is expected (WHO, 2015). Ageing can often be associated with cognitive decline; however, recent research indicates that symptoms of age-related cognitive impairment are modulated by Cognitive Reserve (CR), which derives from level of education, working activity, and social activity (Tucker & Stern, 2011). The role of CR in neurodegenerative disease has been extensively researched, but little is known about its contribution to normal ageing. Fifty-four healthy Latvian seniors were recruited for the study. We assessed simple and complex reaction times, associative memory, memory retrieval, attention, working memory. Furthermore, we quantified their CR. We analysed the relationship between CR and reaction times with two separate logistic regressions. Then, four linear regression models were built to analyse the relationship between CR and the scores on the cognitive tasks. CR was not related to the cognitive performance of healthy Latvian seniors. Such results indicate that CR resources may be mostly required when high-demanding tasks have to be performed.

scholarly journals Using Muse: Rapid Mobile Assessment of Brain Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olave E. Krigolson ◽  
Mathew R. Hammerstrom ◽  
Wande Abimbola ◽  
Robert Trska ◽  
Bruce W. Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Cognitive Fatigue ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Eeg Data ◽  
Apple Ipad ◽  
Neural Signature ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

The advent of mobile electroencephalography (mEEG) has created a means for large scale collection of neural data thus affording a deeper insight into cognitive phenomena such as cognitive fatigue. Cognitive fatigue – a neural state that is associated with an increased incidence of errorful performance – is responsible for accidents on a daily basis which at times can cost human lives. To gain better insight into the neural signature of cognitive fatigue in the present study we used mEEG to examine the relationship between perceived cognitive fatigue and human-event related brain potentials (ERPs) and electroencephalographic (EEG) oscillations in a sample of 1,000 people. As a secondary goal, we wanted to further demonstrate the capability of mEEG to accurately measure ERP and EEG data. To accomplish these goals, participants performed a standard visual oddball task on an Apple iPad while EEG data were recorded from a Muse EEG headband. Counter to traditional EEG studies, experimental setup and data collection was completed in less than seven minutes on average. An analysis of our EEG data revealed robust N200 and P300 ERP components and neural oscillations in the delta, theta, alpha, and beta bands. In line with previous findings we observed correlations between ERP components and EEG power and perceived cognitive fatigue. Further, we demonstrate here that a linear combination of ERP and EEG features is a significantly better predictor of perceived cognitive fatigue than any ERP or EEG feature on its own. In sum, our results provide validation of mEEG as a viable tool for research and provide further insight into the impact of cognitive fatigue on the human brain.

scholarly journals A meta-regression to examine the relationship between aerobic fitness and cognitive performance

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Etnier ◽  
Priscilla M. Nowell ◽  
Daniel M. Landers ◽  
Benjamin A. Sibley
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
The Relationship

Skipping Breakfast Affects the Early Steps of Cognitive Processing

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Andrés Antonio González-Garrido ◽  
Jacobo José Brofman-Epelbaum ◽  
Fabiola Reveca Gómez-Velázquez ◽  
Sebastián Agustín Balart-Sánchez ◽  
Julieta Ramos-Loyo
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Brain Functioning ◽  
Attentional Processes ◽  
Electrical Brain Activity ◽  
Skipping Breakfast

Abstract. It has been generally accepted that skipping breakfast adversely affects cognition, mainly disturbing the attentional processes. However, the effects of short-term fasting upon brain functioning are still unclear. We aimed to evaluate the effect of skipping breakfast on cognitive processing by studying the electrical brain activity of young healthy individuals while performing several working memory tasks. Accordingly, the behavioral results and event-related brain potentials (ERPs) of 20 healthy university students (10 males) were obtained and compared through analysis of variances (ANOVAs), during the performance of three n-back working memory (WM) tasks in two morning sessions on both normal (after breakfast) and 12-hour fasting conditions. Significantly fewer correct responses were achieved during fasting, mainly affecting the higher WM load task. In addition, there were prolonged reaction times with increased task difficulty, regardless of breakfast intake. ERP showed a significant voltage decrement for N200 and P300 during fasting, while the amplitude of P200 notably increased. The results suggest skipping breakfast disturbs earlier cognitive processing steps, particularly attention allocation, early decoding in working memory, and stimulus evaluation, and this effect increases with task difficulty.

The Effect of Retest Practice on the Speed-Ability Relationship

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sybille Rockstroh ◽  
Karl Schweizer
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
General Intelligence ◽  
Attention Switching ◽  
Letter Comparison ◽  
Sternberg Paradigm ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Elementary Cognitive Tasks

Effects of four retest-practice sessions separated by 2 h intervals on the relationship between general intelligence and four reaction time tasks (two memory tests: Sternberg's memory scanning, Posner's letter comparison; and two attention tests: continuous attention, attention switching) were examined in a sample of 83 male participants. Reaction times on all tasks were shortened significantly. The effects were most pronounced with respect to the Posner paradigm and smallest with respect to the Sternberg paradigm. The relationship to general intelligence changed after practice for two reaction time tasks. It increased to significance for continuous attention and decreased for the Posner paradigm. These results indicate that the relationship between psychometric intelligence and elementary cognitive tasks depends on the ability of skill acquisition. In the search for the cognitive roots of intelligence the concept of learning seems to be of importance.

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