Advanced and In Situ Analytical Methods for Solar Fuel Materials

2015 ◽  
pp. 253-324
Author(s):  
Candace K. Chan ◽  
Harun Tüysüz ◽  
Artur Braun ◽  
Chinmoy Ranjan ◽  
Fabio La Mantia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Solar Fuel

A hybrid bulk-heterojunction photoanode for direct solar-to-chemical conversion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Yao ◽  
Yongpeng Liu ◽  
Han-Hee Cho ◽  
Meng Xia ◽  
Arvindh Sekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Semiconductor ◽  
Bulk Heterojunction ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Chemical Conversion ◽  
Solar Fuel ◽  
Fuel Production

The development of efficient and stable organic semiconductor-based photoanodes for solar fuel production is advanced by using a robust in situ-formed covalent polymer network together with a mesoporous inorganic film in a hybrid bulk heterojunction.

scholarly journals The Vocational School of Sintra and Its Contribution to Heritage Education

Heritage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 466-478
Author(s):  
Ana Mafalda Cardeira ◽  
Marta Frade
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Vocational School ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Heritage Education ◽  
12Th Grade ◽  
And Training

This paper aims to share the experience acquired with students of the 3rd year (namely the 12th grade of the Portuguese educational system) at the Vocational School for the Recovery of Heritage of Sintra in the Course of Studies for Conservation and Restoration Assistants in the field of Plaster Restoration, in the classes of Work-Related Training and Analytical Methods of Examination and Laboratory Analysis, by carrying out theoretical-practical work and training in a work context specifically focused on Portuguese heritage, demonstrating how practical classes motivate students and prepare them for future professional work. This vocational course helps students to reflect and question themselves on the role of “looking” at heritage. Thus, its cross information, both interdisciplinary and from the historical-artistic context of the monument, will provide a better perspective over its materiality and its use. In situ learning awakens students to the reality of work. The notion that they are helping to maintain the memory of ancestors credits them and gives them confidence in their work. After presenting their Final Year Projects, they look at heritage with a more awakened vision. With this, they have the perception that they have contributed to the reconstruction of memory, their cultural heritage.

APPARATUS, TEST PROCEDURES, AND ANALYTICAL METHODS TO MEASURE SOIL ERODIBILITY IN SITU

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Hanson ◽  
K. R. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Soil Erodibility ◽  
Test Procedures

scholarly journals Why In Situ, Real-Time Characterization of Thin-Film Growth Processes?

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 14-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orlando Auciello ◽  
Alan R. Krauss
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Film Growth ◽  
High Temperature Superconductors ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Thin Film Growth ◽  
Sampling Depth ◽  
Growth Environment

It is anticipated that a new generation of advanced electronic and optical devices will involve the synthesis of diverse materials in single or multielement thin-film form, or in layered heterostructures. These devices will most likely involve diverse materials such as high-temperature superconductors, ferroelectric, electrooptic, and optical materials; diamond; nitrides; semiconductors; insulators; and metals in the form of ultra-thin layers with sharp interfaces in which the layer thickness may reach atomic dimensions. Therefore, it becomes increasingly important to be able to monitor the deposition process in situ and in real time, particularly for complex multicomponent oxides or nitrides, in which the production of the desired phase is a highly sensitive function of the growth conditions, often requiring relatively high-pressure oxygen or nitrogen environments up to several hundred mTorr, and in some cases, several Torr. Consequently, the growth environment for many of these materials is incompatible with conventional surface-analytic methods, which are typically restricted to high-or ultrahigh-vacuum conditions. New deposition and analytical methods, or adaptation of those already established, will be required.Since thin-film growth occurs at the surface, the analytical methods should be highly surface-specific, although sub-surface diffusion and chemical processes also affect film properties. Sampling depth and ambient-gas compatibility are key factors which must be considered when choosing in situ probes of thin-film growth phenomena. In most cases, the sampling depth depends on the mean range of the exit species (ion, photon, or electron) in the sample.

Supplemental Material: Revisiting Ediacaran sulfur isotope chemostratigraphy with in situ nanoSIMS analysis of sedimentary pyrite

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
et al.
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Sulfur Isotope ◽  
Nanosims Analysis ◽  
Geological Background ◽  
Sedimentary Pyrite

Geological background, analytical methods and results.

scholarly journals Comparison of Low-Cost Methods for Soil Water Holding Capacity

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhu Govindasamy ◽  
Sonu Kumar Mahawer ◽  
Jake Mowrer ◽  
Muthukumar Bagavathiannan ◽  
Mahendra Prasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Water Measurement

Abstract Purpose: The use of cost-effective methods for measurement of WHC is common in underdeveloped and developing countries, but the accuracy of these cost-effective methods compared to the sophisticated and more expensive alternatives is unclear. Methods: To compare different WHC measurement methods, 30 random samples of clay loam and sandy clay loam soils of Jhansi, India were used. The methods compared here were: FAO in-situ method (FAO), Keen Raczkowski box method (KM), funnel method (FM), column method (CM) and pressure plate method (PPA). Results: For WHC measurements the PPA results were comparable to KM and FM methods for sandy clay loam, and KM and FAO methods for clay loam. Conclusion: Therefore, until a reliable method that matches the results of sophisticated analytical methods of soil water measurement is available, different inexpensive analytical methods can be used, but they must be chosen with caution. The findings from this study will facilitate appropriate selection of a suitable method.

In Situ Prepared Flexible 3D Polymer Film Photocatalyst for Highly Selective Solar Fuel Production from CO2

ChemCatChem ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2024-2029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh K. Yadav ◽  
Abhishek Kumar ◽  
Dolly Yadav ◽  
No-Joong Park ◽  
Jae Young Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Film ◽  
Solar Fuel ◽  
Fuel Production
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