Landau theory, symmetry breaking and the chain criterion

2007 ◽  
pp. 12-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko V. Jarić
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Landau Theory

scholarly journals Chiral Symmetry Breaking in the Dual Ginzburg - Landau Theory

1997 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Toki ◽  
Shoichi Sasaki ◽  
Hiroko Ichie ◽  
Hideo Suganuma
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Chiral Symmetry ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Landau Theory ◽  
Chiral Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Quark Confinement ◽  
Strong Connection ◽  
Ginzburg Landau ◽  
Spontaneous Breakdown

Confinement and spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking are the most fundamental phenomena in quark nuclear physics, where hadrons and nuclei are described in terms of quarks and gluons. The dual Ginzburg–Landau (DGL) theory contains monopole fields as the most essential degrees of freedom. Their condensation in the vacuum is modelled to describe quark confinement in strong connection with QCD. We then demonstrate that the DGL theory is able to describe the spontaneous breakdown of chiral symmetry.

scholarly journals Spontaneous symmetry breaking in the late Universe and glimpses of the early Universe phase transitions à la baryogenesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sami ◽  
Radouane Gannouji
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Landau Theory ◽  
Bubble Nucleation ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
Electroweak Phase Transition ◽  
Ginzburg Landau

Spontaneous symmetry breaking is the foundation of electroweak unification and serves as an integral part of the model building beyond the standard model of particle physics and it also finds interesting applications in the late Universe. We review development related to obtaining the late cosmic acceleration from spontaneous symmetry breaking in the Universe at large scales. This phenomenon is best understood through Ginzburg–Landau theory of phase transitions which we briefly describe. Hereafter, we present elements of spontaneous symmetry breaking in relativistic field theory. We then discuss the “symmetron” scenario-based upon symmetry breaking in the late Universe which is realized by using a specific form of conformal coupling. However, the model is faced with “NO GO” for late-time acceleration due to local gravity constraints. We argue that the problem can be circumvented by using the massless [Formula: see text] theory coupled to massive neutrino matter. As for the early Universe, spontaneous symmetry breaking finds its interesting applications in the study of electroweak phase transition. To this effect, we first discuss in detail the Ginzburg–Landau theory of first-order phase transitions and then apply it to electroweak phase transition including technical discussions on bubble nucleation and sphaleron transitions. We provide a pedagogical exposition of dynamics of electroweak phase transition and emphasize the need to go beyond the standard model of particle physics for addressing the baryogenesis problem. Review ends with a brief discussion on Affleck–Dine mechanism and spontaneous baryogenesis. Appendixes include technical details on essential ingredients of baryogenesis, sphaleron solution, one-loop finite temperature effective potential and dynamics of bubble nucleation.

scholarly journals Landau theory for non-symmetry-breaking electronic instability coupled to symmetry-breaking order parameter applied to Prussian blue analog

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Azzolina ◽  
Roman Bertoni ◽  
Claude Ecolivet ◽  
Hiroko Tokoro ◽  
Shin-ichi Ohkoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Prussian Blue ◽  
Order Parameter ◽  
Landau Theory ◽  
Prussian Blue Analog

My Life as a Boson: The Story of "The Higgs"

2012 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 50-51
Author(s):  
Peter Higgs
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Landau Theory ◽  
Scalar Fields ◽  
Bcs Theory ◽  
Goldstone Theorem ◽  
Ginzburg Landau ◽  
Goldstone Bosons ◽  
Massless Spin ◽  
The Subject

The story begins in 1960, when Nambu, inspired by the BCS theory of superconductivity, formulated chirally invariant relativistic models of interacting massless fermions in which spontaneous symmetry breaking generates fermionic masses (the analogue of the BCS gap). Around the same time Jeffrey Goldstone discussed spontaneous symmetry breaking in models containing elementary scalar fields (as in Ginzburg-Landau theory). I became interested in the problem of how to avoid a feature of both kinds of model, which seemed to preclude their relevance to the real world, namely the existence in the spectrum of massless spin-zero bosons (Goldstone bosons). By 1962 this feature of relativistic field theories had become the subject of the Goldstone theorem.

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