Enhanced photosensitive properties of single-crystal formamidinium lead bromide iodine (FAPbBr2I) based photodetector

In this work, the growth of formamidinium (FA) based mixed halide perovskite single-crystal via inverse temperature crystallization method is investigated and characterized to detect its photosensitive properties. The structural characterization...

Modified Arrhenius Equation in Materials Science, Chemistry and Biology

The Arrhenius plot (logarithmic plot vs. inverse temperature) is represented by a straight line if the Arrhenius equation holds. A curved Arrhenius plot (mostly concave) is usually described phenomenologically, often using polynomials of T or 1/T. Many modifications of the Arrhenius equation based on different models have also been published, which fit the experimental data better or worse. This paper proposes two solutions for the concave-curved Arrhenius plot. The first is based on consecutive A→B→C reaction with rate constants k1 ≪ k2 at higher temperatures and k1 ≫ k2 (or at least k1 > k2) at lower temperatures. The second is based on the substitution of the temperature T the by temperature difference T − T0 in the Arrhenius equation, where T0 is the maximum temperature at which the Arrheniusprocess under study does not yet occur.

Invariance of KMS states on graph C*-algebras under classical and quantum symmetry

We study the invariance of KMS states on graph $C^{\ast }$ -algebras coming from strongly connected and circulant graphs under the classical and quantum symmetry of the graphs. We show that the unique KMS state for strongly connected graphs is invariant under the quantum automorphism group of the graph. For circulant graphs, it is shown that the action of classical and quantum automorphism groups preserves only one of the KMS states occurring at the critical inverse temperature. We also give an example of a graph $C^{\ast }$ -algebra having more than one KMS state such that all of them are invariant under the action of classical automorphism group of the graph, but there is a unique KMS state which is invariant under the action of quantum automorphism group of the graph.

Warped information and entanglement islands in AdS/WCFT

We use the notion of double holography to study Hawking radiation emitted by the eternal BTZ black hole in equilibrium with a thermal bath, but in the form of warped CFT2 degrees of freedom. In agreement with the literature, we find entanglement islands and a phase transition in the entanglement surface, but our results differ significantly from work in AdS/CFT in three major ways: (1) the late-time entropy decreases in time, (2) island degrees of freedom exist at all times, not just at late times, with the phase transition changing whether or not these degrees of freedom include the black hole interior, and (3) the physics involves a field-theoretic IR divergence emerging when the boundary interval is too big relative to the black hole’s inverse temperature. This behavior in the entropy appears to be consistent with the non-unitarity of holographic warped CFT2 and demonstrates that the islands are not a phenomenon restricted to black hole information in unitary setups.

Three heads are better than two: Comparing learning properties and performances across individuals, dyads, and triads through a computational approach

Although it is considered that two heads are better than one, related studies argued that groups rarely outperform their best members. This study examined not only whether two heads are better than one but also whether three heads are better than two or one in the context of two-armed bandit problems where learning plays an instrumental role in achieving high performance. This research revealed that a U-shaped correlation exists between performance and group size. The performance was highest for either individuals or triads, but the lowest for dyads. Moreover, this study estimated learning properties and determined that high inverse temperature (exploitation) accounted for high performance. In particular, it was shown that group effects regarding the inverse temperatures in dyads did not generate higher values to surpass the averages of their two group members. In contrast, triads gave rise to higher values of the inverse temperatures than their averages of their individual group members. These results were consistent with our proposed hypothesis that learning coherence is likely to emerge in individuals and triads, but not in dyads, which in turn leads to higher performance. This hypothesis is based on the classical argument by Simmel stating that while dyads are likely to involve more emotion and generate greater variability, triads are the smallest structure which tends to constrain emotions, reduce individuality, and generate behavioral convergences or uniformity because of the ‘‘two against one” social pressures. As a result, three heads or one head were better than two in our study.

Probing Hawking radiation through capacity of entanglement

We consider the capacity of entanglement in models related with the gravitational phase transitions. The capacity is labeled by the replica parameter which plays a similar role to the inverse temperature in thermodynamics. In the end of the world brane model of a radiating black hole the capacity has a peak around the Page time indicating the phase transition between replica wormhole geometries of different types of topology. Similarly, in a moving mirror model describing Hawking radiation the capacity typically shows a discontinuity when the dominant saddle switches between two phases, which can be seen as a formation of island regions. In either case we find the capacity can be an invaluable diagnostic for a black hole evaporation process.

Room-temperature synthesis, growth mechanisms and opto-electronic properties of organic–inorganic halide perovskite CH3NH3PbX3 (X = I, Br, and Cl) single crystals

Growth of MAPbX3 (X = I, Br, and Cl) single crystals by room temperature crystallization (RTC) method, and the crystallization pathway illustrated by the solubility curve of MAPbCl3 in DMSO, compared with inverse temperature crystallization (ITC) method.

Precursor solution dependent secondary phase defects in CsPbBr3 single crystal grown by inverse temperature crystallization

The understanding and tailoring of crystalline defects have been a cornerstone of established semiconductors technological deployment. Here, we report the secondary phase (SP) defects of CsPb2Br5 in CsPbBr3 crystals grown...