Sample Preparation and Chromatographic Methods Applied to Congener-Specific Analysis of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers

2010 ◽  
pp. 55-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Covaci ◽  
Alin C. Dirtu ◽  
Stefan Voorspoels ◽  
Laurence Roosens ◽  
Peter Lepom
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Chromatographic Methods ◽  
Specific Analysis ◽  
Diphenyl Ethers

Determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in milk samples. Development of green extraction coupled techniques for sample preparation

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 460-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Berton ◽  
Sabrina B. Mammana ◽  
Daniela A. Locatelli ◽  
Nerina B. Lana ◽  
María B. Hapon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Green Extraction ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Coupled Techniques

scholarly journals Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) as Emerging Environmental Pollutants: Advances in Sample Preparation and Detection Techniques

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Japheth M. Nzangya ◽  
Elizabeth N. Ndunda ◽  
Geoffrey O. Bosire ◽  
Bice S. Martincigh ◽  
Vincent O. Nyamori
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Emerging Pollutants ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Sample Preparation Methods

Environmental pollution has been a challenging phenomenon in most developing countries, due to the weak enforcement of environmental regulations. As a result, humans and animals are exposed to different environmental pollutants, which threaten their very existence. Some of the emerging pollutants of great concern are polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) since they are categorized as probable human carcinogens and are also known to bioaccumulate in fatty tissues of animals and humans, reaching toxic levels upon continued exposure. Monitoring of these pollutants is therefore paramount as it contributes to addressing the problem of human exposure and environmental pollution. Their monitoring involves sample preparation methods followed by quantification with various detection techniques. Sample preparation methods that aim at reducing matrix interferences, enriching analytes and transfer of analytes to a desirable solvent, have evolved from conventional methods to advanced methods that facilitate the detection of these chemicals at very low concentrations. Likewise, detection techniques have advanced from chromatographic detection techniques to miniaturized systems that involve sensors. This chapter discusses PBDEs as emerging pollutants, their sources, and toxicological implications on humans, as well as advances in sample preparation methods and detection techniques in the determination of PBDEs.

scholarly journals Validation Including Uncertainty Estimation of a GC–MS/MS Method for Determination of Selected Halogenated Priority Substances in Fish Using Rapid and Efficient Lipid Removing Sample Preparation

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slávka Nagyová ◽  
Peter Tölgyessy
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Modified Quechers ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Combined Uncertainty ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
Composite Samples

A rapid method is proposed for the determination of selected H2SO4 stable organic compounds—eight organochlorines (OCs; hexachloro-1,3-butadiene, pentachlorobenzene, hexachlorobenzene, hexachlorocyclohexane—HCH—isomers, heptachlor) and six polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs; BDE-28, 47, 99, 100, 153, 154)—in fish samples. In the method, a modified QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) sample preparation using pH-tuned dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) and H2SO4 digestion fish extract clean-up is followed by gas chromatography–triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (GC–QqQ-MS/MS) analysis. The method was validated in terms of linearity, limits of the method, recovery, accuracy, analysis of standard reference material (NIST SRM 1946), and estimation of combined uncertainty of the measurement (top-down approach). For validation, chub composite samples were used, and subsequently, the method was successfully applied to analysis of real samples of eight fish species. Finally, the method passed the analytical Eco-Scale evaluation as “an acceptable green analysis method”, and showed its advantages (simplicity, rapidity, low cost, high extract clean-up efficiency, good sensitivity) when compared to other reported QuEChERS based methods.

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