Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs) for Water Reuse in the USA

2014 ◽  
pp. 223-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziqiang Yin ◽  
Irene Xagoraraki
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
The Usa

scholarly journals Removal of endocrine disrupting chemicals and microbial indicators by a decentralised membrane bioreactor for water reuse

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Trinh ◽  
B. van den Akker ◽  
H. M. Coleman ◽  
R. M. Stuetz ◽  
P. Le-Clech ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Log10 Reduction ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Microbial Indicators ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Small Footprint

Submerged membrane bioreactors (MBRs) have attracted a significant amount of interest for decentralised treatment systems due to their small footprint and ability to produce high quality effluent, which is favourable for water reuse applications. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the capacity of a full-scale decentralised MBR to eliminate 17 endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and five indigenous microbial indicators. The results show that the MBR consistently achieved high removal of EDCs (>86.5%). Only 2 of the 17 EDCs were detected in the MBR permeate, namely two-phenylphenol and 4-tert-octylphenol. Measured log10 reduction values of vegetative bacterial indicators were in the range of 5–5.3 log10 units, and for clostridia, they were marginally lower at 4.6 log10 units. Removal of bacteriophage was in excess of 4.9 log10 units. This research shows that MBRs are a promising technology for decentralised water reuse applications.

scholarly journals Life-cycle assessment of two potable water reuse technologies: MF/RO/UV–AOP treatment and hybrid osmotic membrane bioreactors

2016 ◽  
Vol 507 ◽  
pp. 165-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan W. Holloway ◽  
Leslie Miller-Robbie ◽  
Mehul Patel ◽  
Jennifer R. Stokes ◽  
Junko Munakata-Marr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors

Energy efficiency in membrane bioreactors

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 2685-2691 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Barillon ◽  
S. Martin Ruel ◽  
C. Langlais ◽  
V. Lazarova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Hollow Fibre ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Design Loads ◽  
Operation Parameters ◽  
Energy Audits

Energy consumption remains the key factor for the optimisation of the performance of membrane bioreactors (MBRs). This paper presents the results of the detailed energy audits of six full-scale MBRs operated by Suez Environnement in France, Spain and the USA based on on-site energy measurement and analysis of plant operation parameters and treatment performance. Specific energy consumption is compared for two different MBR configurations (flat sheet and hollow fibre membranes) and for plants with different design, loads and operation parameters. The aim of this project was to understand how the energy is consumed in MBR facilities and under which operating conditions, in order to finally provide guidelines and recommended practices for optimisation of MBR operation and design to reduce energy consumption and environmental impacts.

scholarly journals Cost comparison of full-scale water reclamation technologies with an emphasis on membrane bioreactors

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 2562-2570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Iglesias ◽  
Pedro Simón ◽  
Lucas Moragas ◽  
Augusto Arce ◽  
Ignasi Rodriguez-Roda
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Cost Comparison ◽  
Capital Expenditures ◽  
Water Reclamation ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Implementation Costs ◽  
Treatment Facilities

The paper assesses the costs of full-scale membrane bioreactors (MBRs). Capital expenditures (CAPEX) and operating expenses (OPEX) of Spanish MBR facilities have been verified and compared to activated sludge plants (CAS) using water reclamation treatment (both conventional and advanced). Spanish MBR facilities require a production of 0.6 to 1.2 kWh per m3, while extended aeration (EA) and advanced reclamation treatment require 1.2 kWh per m3. The energy represents around 40% of the OPEX in MBRs. In terms of CAPEX, the implementation costs of a CAS facility followed by conventional water reclamation treatment (physical–chemical + sand filtration + disinfection) ranged from 730 to 850 €.m−3d, and from 1,050 to 1,250 €.m−3d in the case of advanced reclamation treatment facilities (membrane filtration) with a capacity of 8,000 to 15,000 m3d−1. The MBR cost for similar capacities ranges between 700 and 960 €.m−3d. This study shows that MBRs that have been recently installed represent a cost competitive option for water reuse applications for medium and large capacities (over 10,000 m3d−1), with similar OPEX to EA and conventional water reclamation treatment. In terms of CAPEX, MBRs are cheaper than EA, followed by advanced water reclamation treatment.

Spatial analysis for identifying hotspots of EDC and PPCP sources for monitoring systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 1657-1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Park ◽  
M.-H. Park
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Septic Systems ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

This study utilized spatial analysis to identify hotspots for endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), pharmaceuticals, and personal care products (PPCPs) using data from potential sources including wastewater treatment plants, National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)-permitted pollution sources, septic systems, and agricultural and grazing areas. The study area is Lake Mead, to which the return of treated effluent is one of the largest water reuse practices in the USA. Based on Getis-Ord's Gi* statistic, clusters of pollution sources were identified based on the values of each feature and its neighboring features. Spatial analysis was applied to evaluate the impact from point and nonpoint source pollution. The results of spatial statistical analyses were used to evaluate the existing sampling locations in Las Vegas Wash. The results indicated that sampling locations with highest concentrations of EDCs/PPCPs were close to the outlets of subbasins with high susceptibility to EDCs/PPCPs, which confirms the suitability of sampling locations.

Full scale membrane bioreactor treatment of hospital wastewater as forerunner for hot-spot wastewater treatment solutions in high density urban areas

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Beier ◽  
C. Cramer ◽  
S. Köster ◽  
C. Mauer ◽  
L. Palmowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
High Density ◽  
Hospital Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
Hospital Wastewaters

Membrane Bioreactors (MBR) are a very attractive option for the treatment of hospital wastewater and elimination of pharmaceuticals in high density urban areas. The present investigation showed that, depending on the substance, between 19% and 94% of the level of antibiotics found in the environment originate from hospitals. Because of their ecotoxic potential, hospital wastewaters can have a significant impact on the environment. The segregation of these wastewaters and their separate treatment at the source can reduce the entry of drugs in waterways and enable water reuse after adequate polishing treatment processes.

Lessons learned during startup, testing and optimization of membrane bioreactors systems for enhanced nutrient removal

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Maillard ◽  
K. L. Perri ◽  
J. M. VerNooy ◽  
T. A. Young
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Performance Expectations ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Initial Process

Membrane bioreactors are known for producing high quality effluent from wastewater treatment facilities in order to meet stringent regulatory requirements (Fleischer et al. 2005), accommodate growth (Vadiveloo & Cisterna 2008), provide opportunities for water reuse (Schmidt et al. 2011), and achieve other operational goals for various municipalities, utilities and industries (Cummings & Frenkel 2008). The process of testing, starting up and optimizing an MBR process for enhanced nutrient removal at the end of a construction project is often overlooked. Even a well-designed MBR can fail to meet expectations if the system is not properly configured during the startup phase, making this a critical step in any successful implementation of membrane technology. The startup phase of two municipal MBR plants were compared to demonstrate the importance of various strategies for initial process optimization, with a focus on lessons learned, techniques and performance expectations that can be applied to future projects.

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