Geochemical Processes of Trace Metals in Fresh–Saline Water Interfaces. The Cases of Louros and Acheloos Estuaries

2016 ◽  
pp. 241-277
Author(s):  
Michael Scoullos ◽  
Fotini Botsou
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Geochemical Processes

Geochemical processes in the Onyx River, Wright Valley, Antarctica: Major ions, nutrients, trace metals

2005 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 839-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Green ◽  
Brian R. Stage ◽  
Adam Preston ◽  
Shannon Wagers ◽  
Joseph Shacat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Geochemical Processes

scholarly journals Hydrogeochemical and isotopic study of the origins of groundwater salinization in the deep confined aquifer of northern Yangtze River

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 07034
Author(s):  
Qi Zhao ◽  
Xiaosi Su ◽  
Yiqun Gan
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Geochemical Processes ◽  
Environmental Tracers ◽  
Confined Water ◽  
Groundwater Salinization ◽  
Isotopic Study

The deep confined water of coastal plain of northern Yangtze River suffers salinization. That results from overexploitation. This work aims to investigate the geochemical processes that lead to the salinization for this aquifer. Multiple environmental tracers of major ions, minor ions and isotopes (18O, 87Sr, 13C) were used to yield reasonable conclusions. The TDS of the aquifer ranges from 387 to 2600 mg/L. The aquifer is mainly composed of fresh water. Brackish water is distributed in the eastern and southern coastal areas, and is scattered in some inland areas. The water chemical type evolves from HCO3-Na to Cl-Na as TDS increases. Groundwater salinization is caused by mixing with saline water of marine origin. The aquifer is also affected by other hydrochemical processes. Silicate weathering and carbonate dissolution add Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and HCO3- to groundwater. Sulfate reduction makes sulfate be deficient and HCO3- be enriched. Carbonate minerals equilibrium limits the increase in the concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+ and HCO3-. Cation exchange reduces the concentration of Ca2++Mg2+ and increases the concentration of Na++K+. The aforementioned processes have a combined influence on the formation of fresh water with HCO3-Na type.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BIOAVAILABILITY OF TRACE METALS AND GEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES IN ESTUARIES

1978 ◽  
pp. 429-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ford A. Cross ◽  
William G. Sunda
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Geochemical Processes

scholarly journals Vulnerability of groundwater to iron and manganese contamination in the coastal alluvial plain of a developing Indonesian city

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Fadliah Rusydi ◽  
Shin-Ichi Onodera ◽  
Mitsuyo Saito ◽  
Seiichiro Ioka ◽  
Rizka Maria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Fe And Mn ◽  
Groundwater Condition ◽  
Potential Groundwater ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis paper evaluates environmental conditions responsible for the high concentrations of trace metals in Indonesian coastal groundwater. Indramayu, which has significant potential groundwater resources, but for which limited information is available regarding its vulnerability, is selected as our study area. Results show that Fe2+ and Mn2+ are natural contaminants in the groundwater of the study site. The correlations of trace metals with salinity and redox-sensitive parameters verify that saline water has a significant impact upon the dissolution of Fe and Mn. Furthermore, reductive condition is confirmed to be responsible for Fe and Mn dissolution with a less significant correlation compared to salinity. Moreover, the high concentrations of trace metals are coupled with high dissolved organic carbon (DOC), which indicates that reductive environment may arise because of organic-matter decomposition. Finally, the impact of human activity upon Fe and Mn dissolution is identified at the northern tip of Indramayu, where trace-metal contents are significantly elevated. Further, in the southern part, the groundwater condition is relatively more natural; thus, the impact of human activity upon the presence of Fe and Mn is lesser in this region.

XRF and PIXE Analysis of light and Dark Adapted Ocular Tissue

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 190-191
Author(s):  
B. J. Panessa ◽  
H. W. Kraner ◽  
J. B. Warren ◽  
K. W. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Nerve Impulse ◽  
Light Response ◽  
Ocular Tissue ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Retinol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Pixe Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Optimal Function

During photoexcitation the retina requires specific electrolytes and trace metals for optimal function (Na, Mg, Cl, K, Ca, S, P, Cu and Zn). According to Hagins (1981), photoexcitation and generation of a nerve impulse involves the movement of Ca from the rhodopsin-ladened membranes of the rod outer segment (ROS) to the plasmalemma, which in turn decreases the in-flow of Na into the photoreceptor, resulting in hyperpolarization. In toad isolated retinas, the presence of Ba has been found to increase the amplitude and prolong the delay of the light response (Brown and Flaming, 1978). Trace metals such as Cu, Zn and Se are essential for the activity of the metalloenzymes of the retina and retina pigment epithelium (RPE) (i.e. carbonic anhydrase, retinol dehydrogenase, tyrosinase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase...). Therefore the content and fluctuations of these elements in the retina and choroid are of fundamental importance for the maintenance of vision. This paper presents elemental data from light and dark adapted frog ocular tissues examined by electron beam induced x-ray microanalysis, x-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and proton induced x-ray emission spectrometry (PIXE).

Identifying Sources of Sulfate Aerosols Reaching Whiteface Mountain, NY

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
James S. Webber
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Acid Deposition ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Dry Deposition ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Sulfate Aerosols ◽  
Wet And Dry Deposition ◽  
Whiteface Mountain ◽  
Toxic Trace Metals

INTRODUCTION“Acid rain” and “acid deposition” are terms no longer confined to the lexicon of atmospheric scientists and 1imnologists. Public awareness of and concern over this phenomenon, particularly as it affects acid-sensitive regions of North America, have increased dramatically in the last five years. Temperate ecosystems are suffering from decreased pH caused by acid deposition. Human health may be directly affected by respirable sulfates and by the increased solubility of toxic trace metals in acidified waters. Even man's monuments are deteriorating as airborne acids etch metal and stone features.Sulfates account for about two thirds of airborne acids with wet and dry deposition contributing equally to acids reaching surface waters or ground. The industrial Midwest is widely assumed to be the source of most sulfates reaching the acid-sensitive Northeast since S02 emitted as a byproduct of coal combustion in the Midwest dwarfs S02 emitted from all sources in the Northeast.

Quantification and localization of trace metals in natural plankton cells using a synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microprobe

2003 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 435-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Twining ◽  
S. B. Baines ◽  
N. S. Fisher ◽  
C. Jacobsen ◽  
J. Maser
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
X Ray

Imaging and quantification of trace metals in thin biological specimens using microprobe techniques: Synchrotron induced X-ray fluorescence microprobe and nuclear microprobe

2003 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 321-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Pinheiro ◽  
L. C. Alves ◽  
A. Barreiros ◽  
F. Araujo ◽  
S. Bohic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Nuclear Microprobe ◽  
X Ray

Limnological characteristics, community metabolism and management strategies of a coastal sinkhole in Cuba (Cenote Jennifer)

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Roberto González-De Zayas ◽  
Liosban Lantigua Ponce de León ◽  
Liezel Guerra Rodríguez ◽  
Felipe Matos Pupo ◽  
Leslie Hernández-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Community Metabolism ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Made In ◽  
Limnological Parameters

The Cenote Jennifer is an important and unique aquatic sinkhole in Cayo Coco (Jardines del Rey Tourist Destination) that has brackish to saline water. Two samplings were made in 1998 and 2009, and 4 metabolism community experiments in 2009. Some limnological parameters were measured in both samplings (temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen major ions, hydrogen sulfide, nutrients and others). Community metabolism was measured through incubated oxygen concentration in clear and dark oxygen bottles. Results showed that the sinkhole limnology depends on rainfall and light incidence year, with some stratification episodes, due to halocline or oxycline presence, rather than thermocline. The sinkhole water was oligotrophic (total nitrogen of 41.5 ± 22.2 μmol l−1 and total phosphorus of 0.3 ± 0.2 μmol l−1) and with low productivity (gross primary productivity of 63.0 mg C m−2 d−1). Anoxia and hypoxia were present at the bottom with higher levels of hydrogen sulfide, lower pH and restricted influence of the adjacent sea (2 km away). To protect the Cenote Jennifer, tourist exploitation should be avoided and more resources to ecological and morphological studies should be allocated, and eventually use this aquatic system only for specialized diving. For conservation purposes, illegal garbage disposal in the surrounding forest should end.

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