Serum Tumor Markers and Circulating Tumor Cells

Abstract Background Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are associated with worse prognosis in metastatic breast cancer (BC). We evaluated the association of metabolic, inflammatory, and tumor markers with CTCs in women with metastatic BC before commencing a new systemic therapy. Methods Ninety-six patients with newly diagnosed or progressing metastatic BC without current diabetes or use of anti-inflammatory agents were recruited from four Ontario hospitals. Women provided fasting blood for measurement of metabolic, inflammatory, and tumor markers and CTCs. CTCs were assayed within 72 hours of collection using CellSearch. Other blood was frozen at –80°C, and assays were performed in a single batch. Associations between CTC counts with study factors were evaluated using Spearman correlation, and the chi-square or Fisher exact test. All statistical tests were two-sided and P value ≤ .05 was considered statistically significant. Results The median age was 60.5 years; 90.6% were postmenopausal. The cohort included hormone receptor–positive (87.5%), HER2–positive (15.6%), and triple-negative (10.4%) BCs. Patients were starting firstline (35.5%), second-line (26.0%), or third-or-later-line therapy (38.5%). CTC counts (per 7.5 mL of blood) ranged from 0 to 1238 (median 2); an elevated CTC count, defined as five or more CTCs, was detected in 42 (43.8%) patients. Those with liver metastases (vs not) more frequently had an elevated CTC count (59.0% vs 33.3%, P = .02). CTCs were significantly associated with C-reactive protein (R = .22, P = .02), interleukin (IL)-6 (R = .25, P = .01), IL-8 (R = .38, P = .0001), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (R = .31, P = .001), carcinoembryonic antigen (R = .31, P = .002), and cancer antigen 15-3 (R = .40, P = .0001) and inversely associated with body mass index (R = –.23, P = .02) and leptin (R = –.26, P = .01). Conclusions CTC counts were positively associated with tumor and inflammatory markers and inversely associated with some metabolic markers, potentially reflecting tumor burden and cachexia.

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Abstract P2-02-12: Association of inflammatory and tumor markers with circulating tumor cells in metastatic breast cancer

10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p2-02-12 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

AE Lohmann ◽

M Chang ◽

RJO Dowling ◽

M Ennis ◽

E Amir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Circulating Tumor Cells ◽

Tumor Markers ◽

Metastatic Breast

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Systematic Correlation Analyses of Circulating Tumor Cells with Clinical Variables and Tumor Markers in Lung Cancer Patients

Journal of Cancer ◽

10.7150/jca.18032 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (15) ◽

pp. 3099-3104 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Xu Wang ◽

Kewei Ma ◽

Zhiguang Yang ◽

Jiuwei Cui ◽

Hua He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Circulating Tumor Cells ◽

Tumor Markers ◽

Lung Cancer Patients ◽

Clinical Variables ◽

Correlation Analyses

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Diagnostic value of circulating tumor cells in cerebrospinal fluid

Open Medicine ◽

10.1515/med-2016-0005 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 21-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mu Ning ◽

Ma Chunhua ◽

Jiang Rong ◽

Lv Yuan ◽

Li Jinduo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Circulating Tumor Cells ◽

Tumor Markers ◽

Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Small Cell ◽

Small Cell Lung ◽

Fluid Cytology

AbstractObjectiveTo assess circulating tumor cells in cerebrospinal fluid as a diagnostic approach to identify meningeal metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer by using tumor marker immunostaining–fluorescence in situ hybridization (TM-iFISH).MethodsIn 5 non-small cell lung cancer patients who were confirmed to have developed meningeal metastasis by cerebrospinal fluid cytology, 20 ml of cerebrospinal fluid was obtained through lumbar puncture, from which 7.5 ml was utilized for TM-iFISH to identify and quantitate circulating tumor cells, 10ml for cerebrospinal fluid cytology, and 2.5ml for detection of cerebrospinal fluid tumor markers.ResultsTM-iFISH examination identified 18 to 1,823 circulating tumor cells per 7.5ml cerebrospinal fluid. In contrast, cytology assessment revealed tumor cells in only 2 cases. The expression levels of cerebrospinal fluid tumor markers were all increased in all 5 patients when compared with their respective serum levels. Contrast-enhanced MRI scans demonstrated presence of meningeal metastasis in all 5 cases.ConclusionTM-iFISH may become a novel cerebrospinal fluid-based diagnostic strategy to identify circulating tumor cells and meningeal metastasis as compared to traditional diagnostic approaches, although its superior sensitivity and specificity needs to be confirmed through additional studies with a larger sample size.

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Circulating tumor cells: A surrogate to predict the effect of treatment and overall survival in gastric adenocarcinoma

The International Journal of Biological Markers ◽

10.1177/1724600820981972 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 172460082098197

Author(s):

Yinxing Zhu ◽

Nan Chen ◽

Manman Chen ◽

Xiaowen Cui ◽

Han Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Overall Survival ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Circulating Tumor Cells ◽

Tumor Markers ◽

Gastric Adenocarcinoma ◽

Treatment Efficacy ◽

Progressive Disease ◽

Therapeutic Response ◽

Disease Group

Background: Circulating tumor cells and serum tumor markers have been found significant in predicting outcome for several malignancies. However, their role in gastric cancer is not fully clarified. We conducted a retrospective study to explore the prognostic value of circulating tumor cells and their applicability in assessing the treatment efficacy in gastric cancers. Methods: From September 2015 to December 2018, 116 patients with newly pathologically diagnosed gastric adenocarcinoma were enrolled. At both baseline and two courses after chemotherapy, the data of circulating tumor cells and serum tumor markers, such as CEA, CA72-4, CA19-9, CA50, and CA242, were collected. The relationships between the change trend of circulating tumor cells and the treatment efficacy were analyzed after chemotherapy, with a paired t-test. Univariate and multivariable analysis were used to find prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). Results: We found there is a significant difference between the circulating tumor cells-positive and circulating tumor cells-negative before and after therapy (mOS 12.6 vs. 31.6 months, P<0.001; mOS 12.4 vs. 24.2 months, P=0.002), respectively. Also, differentiation, pre-therapeutic circulating tumor cells and therapeutic response were independent predictors of overall survival. Following two courses of chemotherapy, the number of circulating tumor cells increased obviously in the progressive disease group ( P=0.002), while they decreased in the non-progressive disease group ( P=0.02). Thus, the change in the circulating tumor cells count had a close association with the therapeutic response ( P=0.004). Conclusion: Generally, circulating tumor cells provide a novel tool to evaluate the outcomes of gastric cancer patients. Since the change of circulating tumor cells was highly related to treatment response, it may be an auxiliary to assess the effect of chemotherapy, leading an earlier adjustment of following regimens.

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