Genetic and Molecular Analyses of Blast Resistance in a Universal Blast Resistant Variety, Digu

2009 ◽  
pp. 149-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuewei Chen ◽  
Junjun Shang ◽  
Cailin Lei ◽  
Jichen Xu ◽  
Shigui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Molecular Analyses

scholarly journals Reaction of Different Rice Lines Against Leaf and Neck Blast under Field Condition Of Chitwan Valley

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
KD Puri ◽  
SM Shrestha ◽  
KD Joshi ◽  
GB KC
Keyword(s):  
Field Condition ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Pyricularia Grisea ◽  
Leaf Blast ◽  
Neck Blast ◽  
Chitwan Valley ◽  
Moderately Resistant

The severity of the rice blast disease (Pyricularia grisea) of both leaf and neck varies with different environment and it becomes destructive under favorable condition. The leaf and neck blast resistance and susceptible interaction of 30 different tropical rice lines were evaluated under low-, mid- and up-land conditions of Chitwan district and classified on the basis of disease severity with respect to susceptible check, Masuli. Of them, 5, 10, 12 and 3 rice lines were resistant to leaf blast, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible susceptible, respectively. Similarly, for the neck blast nine lines were resistant, thirteen moderately resistant, seven moderately susceptible and one was susceptible. The progenies from Masuli/MT4 had the highest leaf and neck blast susceptible reaction, while the most of progenies from IPB (Irradiated Pusa Basmati), KalinghaIII_IR64, Radha 32_ KIII and Masuli_IR64 were resistant, and the most promising sources against leaf and neck blast resistance. Therefore, the progenies from these parents can be used in breeding the resistant variety. Key words: Pyricularia grisea, resistance, rice lines J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 27:37-44 (2006)

scholarly journals A Blast Resistance Gene Pi65 with LRR-RLK Domain is Required for Resistance to M. Oryzae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Li Wang ◽  
Zuo-Bin Ma ◽  
Hou-Xiang Kang ◽  
Shuang Gu ◽  
Zhanna Mukhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Catalytic Domain ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Disease Resistance Gene ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Blast Resistance ◽  
Blast Resistance Gene

Abstract Rice blast seriously threatens rice production worldwide. To control this disease, it is necessary to identify and utilize blast resistance genes to breed disease-resistant rice varieties. Here, we report a rice blast resistance gene, Pi65, isolated from the resistant variety GangYu129 (abbreviated GY129, O. sativa japonica) by map-based cloning. Pi65 overexpression in the susceptible variety LiaoXing1 (abbreviated LX1, O. sativa japonica) enhanced blast resistance, while Pi65 knockout in GY129 resulted in a decrease in its resistance to rice blast. Pi65 encodes two transmembrane regions, with 15 LRR domains and one serine/threonine protein kinase catalytic domain, conferring resistance to isolates of M. oryzae collected from northeast China. Sixteen amino acids differed between the resistance and susceptibility proteins. The Pi65 susceptibility allele had one fewer LRR duplication. Pi65 was constitutively expressed in whole plants, and M. oryzae inoculation significantly increased its expression level. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that numerous genes associated with disease resistance were specifically upregulated in GY129 24 h after M. oryzae inoculation, and photosynthesis-and carbohydrate metabolism-related genes were particularly downregulated, demonstrating disease resistance gene activation in GY129 mediated by Pi65 after rice blast fungal infection, cellular basal and energy metabolism was inhibited simultaneously. These combined factors endow GY129 with rice blast resistance. Our study provides genetic resources for improving rice blast resistance in japonica rice and enriches the study of rice blast resistance mechanisms.

scholarly journals Cloning and Function Analysis of a Novel Rice Blast Resistance Gene Pi65 in Japonica Rice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Wang ◽  
Zuobin Ma ◽  
Houxiang Kang ◽  
Shuang Gu ◽  
Zhanna Mukhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Rice Blast Disease ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Rice Blast Resistance ◽  
Blast Resistance Gene

Abstract Rice blast seriously threatens rice production worldwide. Utilizing the rice blast resistance gene to breed the rice blast resistant varieties is one of the best ways to control rice blast disease. Using a map-based cloning strategy, here, we cloned a novel rice blast resistance gene, Pi65 from the resistant variety GangYu129 (abbreviated GY129, O. sativa japonica ). Overexpression of Pi65 in the susceptible variety LiaoXing1 (abbreviated LX1, O. sativa japonica ) enhanced rice blast resistance, while knockout of Pi65 in GY129 resulted in susceptible to rice blast disease. Pi65 encodes two transmembrane domains, with 15 LRR domains and one serine/threonine protein kinase catalytic domain, conferring resistance to isolates of M. oryzae collected from northeast China. There are sixteen amino acids differences between the Pi65 resistance and susceptible alleles. Compared with the Pi65 resistant allele, the susceptible allele deleted one LRR domain. Pi65 was constitutively expressed in whole plants, and it could be induce expressed in the early stage of M. oryzae infection . Transcriptome analysis revealed that numerous genes associated with disease resistance were specifically upregulated in GY129 24-hour post inoculation (HPI), on the contrary, the photosynthesis-and carbohydrate metabolism-related genes were particularly downregulated 24 HPI, demonstrating that the disease resistance associated genes has been activated in GY129 (carrying Pi65 ) after rice blast fungal infection, and the cellular basal and energy metabolism was inhibited simultaneously. Our study provides genetic resources for improving rice blast resistance as well as enriches the study of rice blast resistance mechanisms.

scholarly journals Wheat blast disease: Bangladesh and global perspectives of blast resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-132
Author(s):  
M. Thoihidul Islam ◽  
Mohammad Rashid Arif ◽  
Lutful Hassan ◽  
Arif Hasan Khan Robin
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Wheat Blast ◽  
Resistant Genes ◽  
Blast Fungus ◽  
Wide Range

Fearsome wheat blast disease expanded its radius from Latin America to Bangladesh in 2016 with higher degrees of destruction efficiency. In 1985, Brazil was the first hotspot and consecutively Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia were affected by the wheat blast fungus. Blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae is under pyriculariaceae family with three-celled, pyriform, hyaline conidia. Not only wheat and rice are affected by the blast pathogen but also around 50 grass species can be affected and act as host, but the fungus pathotype is specific and distinct for each plant species. Morpho-biometrical analysis revealed similarity between the Magnaporthe oryzae pathotype Tritici (MoT) strain of Bangladeshi and Brazil. Through extensive molecular genetics and genomics study unfolded five resistant genes, among those Rmg2, Rmg3, and Rmg7 lost viability but Rmg8 and RmgGR119 still have resistance. In addition, 2NS translocation from Aegilops ventricosa in wheat reports resistance against MoT. CIMMYT based Milan variety is regarded as a resistant variety and plant breeders are trying to develop new resistant varieties. But the main problem regarding blast pathogen is breakdown of resistance and evolving virulent races consecutively which is fueled by global warming. A wide range of molecular markers can potentially be used for blast resistance study. Utilization of medium to high-throughput markers like SSR, InDel and SNP gave pace in blast resistance study. Along with that, allele mining has potentiality for finding out source of resistance. In addition, gene pyramiding will play a vital role in introgression of multiple resistant genes into a superior wheat linage. In future, high-throughput marker technology along with cutting-edge gene editing technology will play a pivotal role. Furthermore, the collaborative research in Bangladesh indicates that international scientific community has taken wheat blast as a serious issue. J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(2): 122–132, June 2019

scholarly journals Identification of miRNAs Contributing to the Broad-Spectrum and Durable Blast Resistance in the Yunnan Local Rice Germplasm

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinlu Li ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Rui Yang ◽  
Qianchun Zeng ◽  
Guangyu Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Rice Blast Fungus ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Blast Fungus

MicroRNAs are 20–24 nucleotide non-coding RNAs and play important roles in plant-environment interactions. In recent years, many microRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to regulate rice immunity against rice blast fungus. However, there are limited studies about miRNAs that directly target resistance (R) genes to regulate rice immunity. In this study, by deep sequencing, small RNA libraries were constructed from four-leaf stage seedlings of the resistant variety Ziyu44 and susceptible variety Jiangnanxiangnuo (JNXN) upon Magnaporthe oryzae infection, we found that much more miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in Ziyu44 than in JNXN. Among these miRNAs, we focused on miR9664, a newly identified rice miRNA in our sequencing, which was upregulated lightly in Ziyu44 and drastically in JNXN at 24–48 h post-inoculation (hpi). The transgenic plants overexpressing miR9664 (miR9664-oe) displayed reduced defense responses to M. oryzae, while those knocking down miR9664 (miR9664-m) displayed enhanced defense responses to M. oryzae. Most of the detected miR9664 predicted target genes were reduced in the miR9664-oe lines while increased in the miR9664-m lines. The cleavage site of LOC_Os08g07774 was confirmed by RLM-RACE. Meanwhile, after being inoculated with M. oryzae, the genes were expressed differently between Ziyu44 and JNXN. The results suggest that miR9664-mediated R gene turnover contributes to Ziyu44 broad-spectrum resistance to rice blast fungus. Taken together, our research identified a new rice miRNA that directly targets R genes to regulate rice immunity against rice blast fungus, adding significant information to the study of rice–M. oryzae interaction.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF A MAJOR QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCUS CONFERRING RICE BLAST RESISTANCE USING RECOMBINANT INBRED LINES

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sobrizal Sobrizal ◽  
Masdiar Bustamam ◽  
Carkum Carkum ◽  
Ahmad Warsun ◽  
Soeranto Human ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Locus ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Recombinant Inbred ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Resistant Gene ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
Ri Lines ◽  
Major Qtl

Blast disease caused by Pyricularia oryzae is one of the limiting<br />factors for rice production world wide. The use of resistant<br />varieties for managing blast disease is considered as the most<br />eco-friendly approaches. However, their resistances may be<br />broken down within a few years due to the appearance of new<br />virulent blast races in the field. The objective of the present<br />study was to identify the quantitative trait locus (QTL) conferring<br />resistance to blast disease using 126 recombinant inbred<br />(RI) lines originated from a crossing of a durably resistant upland<br />rice genotype (Laka) and a highly susceptible rice accession<br />cultivar (Kencana Bali). The RI population was developed<br />through a single seed descent method from 1997 to 2004.<br />Resistance of the RI lines was evaluated for blast in an endemic<br />area of Sukabumi, West Java, in 2005. Disease intensity of the<br />blast was examined following the standard evaluation system<br />developed by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI).<br />At the same year the RI lines were analyzed with 134 DNA<br />markers. Results of the study showed that one major QTL was<br />found to be associated with blast resistance, and this QTL was<br />located near RM2136 marker on the long arm of chromosome<br />11. This QTL explained 87% of the phenotypic variation with<br />37% additive effect. The map position of this QTL differed<br />from that of a partial resistant gene, Pi34, identified previously<br />on chromosome 11 in the Japanese durably resistant variety,<br />Chubu 32. The QTL, however, was almost at the same position<br />as that of the multiple allele-resistant gene, Pik. Therefore, an<br />allelic test should be conducted to clarify the allelic relationship<br />between QTL identified in this study and the Pik. The RI lines<br />are the permanent segregating population that could be very<br />useful for analysing phenotypic variations of important agronomic<br />traits possibly owned by the RI lines. The major QTL<br />identified in this study could be used as a genetic resource in<br />improvement of rice varieties for blast resistance in Indonesia

A polyphasic approach (metabolomics, morphological and molecular analyses) in the systematics of Cladobotryum species in Greece

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Milic ◽  
S Kostidis ◽  
A Stavrou ◽  
Z Gonou-Zagou ◽  
VN Kouvelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyphasic Approach ◽  
Molecular Analyses

First record of the soil cyanobacterium Nodosilinea epilithica (Synechococcales, Cyanobacteria) in Russia

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 125-141
Author(s):  
A. D. Temraleeva ◽  
S. A. Dronova
Keyword(s):  
Chestnut Soil ◽  
First Record ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Dry Steppes ◽  
Cyanobacterial Culture ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
First Time

Nodosilinea epilithica Perkerson et Casamatta is reported for the first time for Russia. The sample was isolated from a typical chestnut soil in the zone of dry steppes (Volgograd Region) and its identity was confirmed by morphological and molecular analyses. The specific feature of the studied strain is its ability to form nodules at normal (60–75 μmol photons ∙ m-2 ∙ sec-1) light. The number of nodules is supposed to be related to the age of a cyanobacterial culture.

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