Influence of Nucleic Acid on Racemisation of Peptide Synthesis by Water Soluble Carbodiimide and its Relevance to the Origin of Genetic Code

1990 ◽  
pp. 177-192
Author(s):  
S. K. Podder ◽  
H. S. Basu
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Genetic Code ◽  
Peptide Synthesis ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Origin Of Genetic Code

Peptide synthesis in bone marrow: insulin and thyroxin effects

1962 ◽  
Vol 203 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas F. Necheles
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Peptide Synthesis ◽  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Optimum Concentration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Anabolic Effect ◽  
Oxygen Buffer

Myeloid marrow was rapidly removed from femurs of fasting young rabbits, sectioned, and incubated in Krebs-bicarbonate-CO2-oxygen buffer with appropriate C14-labeled precursors. All manipulations were designed to preserve the architecture of the tissue. After 1 hr the protein or nucleic acid-adenine was isolated and purified. Insulin, 0.01 U/ml added in vitro, stimulated histidine-2(ring)-C14 incorporation into protein by 26 ± 1.4%; alkali-treated insulin was inactive. Thyroxin elicited a 49.4 ± 2.1% stimulation at an optimum concentration of 10–7 m. Triiodothyronine, but not diiodothyronine, also had a significant effect. Insulin increased incorporation of carbon from adenosine-8-C14 into adenine of ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid. Thyroxin, on the other hand, was without consistent effect on this process. Thyroxin stimulated significantly the incorporation of C14 of glycine-2-C14 into adenine. The possibility that part of the anabolic effect of thyroxin on bone marrow may arise from a stimulus to incorporation of precursors into purines is suggested.

Synthesis and Interaction of Water Soluble Nucleic Acid Analogs

1991 ◽  
pp. 31-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiichi Takemoto ◽  
Takehiko Wada ◽  
Eiko Mochizuki ◽  
Yoshiaki Inaki
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Nucleic Acid Analogs

A plausible model correlates prebiotic peptide synthesis with the primordial genetic code

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (62) ◽  
pp. 8598-8601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianxi Ying ◽  
Songsen Fu ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Liubin Feng ◽  
Pengxiang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Code ◽  
Peptide Synthesis ◽  
Plausible Model ◽  
Primordial Genetic Code ◽  
Prebiotic Peptide Synthesis

The analogs of 5′-aa-AMPs, namely nucleotide amidates (aa-N-NMPs), obtained under Hadean conditions. B = base.

Characteristics of Chymotrypsin Modified with Water-soluble Acylating Reagents and Its Peptide Synthesis Ability in Aqueous Organic Media

1992 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Kawasaki ◽  
Mototake Murakami ◽  
Shun’ichi Dosako ◽  
Ikunori Azuse ◽  
Tsutomu Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peptide Synthesis ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Organic Media

scholarly journals In Situ Loading and Delivery of Short Single- and Double-Stranded DNA by Supramolecular Organic Frameworks

CCS Chemistry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Yang ◽  
Xiao-Dan Zhang ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Jia Tian ◽  
Yi-Peng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Intracellular Delivery ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Nucleic Acid Delivery

Short DNA represents an important class of biomacromolecules that are widely applied in gene therapy, editing, and modulation. However, the development of simple and reliable methods for their intracellular delivery remains a challenge. Herein, we describe that seven water-soluble, homogeneous supramolecular organic frameworks (SOFs) with a well-defined pore size and high stability in water that can accomplish in situ inclusion of single-stranded (ss) and double-stranded (ds) DNA (21, 23, and 58 nt) and effective intracellular delivery (including two noncancerous and six cancerous cell lines). Fluorescence quenching experiments for single and double end-labeled ss- and ds-DNA support that the DNA sequences can be completely enveloped by the SOFs. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometry reveal that five of the SOFs exhibit excellent delivery efficiencies that, in most of the studied cases, outperform the commercial standard Lipo2000, even at low SOF–nucleic acid ratios. In addition to high delivery efficiencies, the water-soluble, self-assembled SOF carriers have a variety of advantages, including convenient preparation, high stability, and in situ DNA inclusion, which are all critical for practical applications in nucleic acid delivery.

scholarly journals Water-Soluble Porphyrins Appending Platinum(II) Complexes as Binders for Synthetic Nucleic Acid Polymers

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 614-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Munakata ◽  
Hiroyasu Imai ◽  
Shigeo Nakagawa ◽  
Atsuko Osada ◽  
Yoshio Uemori
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Water Soluble

scholarly journals Peptide-Assisted Nucleic Acid Delivery Systems on the Rise

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 9092
Author(s):  
Shabnam Tarvirdipour ◽  
Michal Skowicki ◽  
Cora-Ann Schoenenberger ◽  
Cornelia G. Palivan
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Nucleic Acid Delivery ◽  
Subcellular Organelles ◽  
Cell Internalization ◽  
Site Of Action

Concerns associated with nanocarriers’ therapeutic efficacy and side effects have led to the development of strategies to advance them into targeted and responsive delivery systems. Owing to their bioactivity and biocompatibility, peptides play a key role in these strategies and, thus, have been extensively studied in nanomedicine. Peptide-based nanocarriers, in particular, have burgeoned with advances in purely peptidic structures and in combinations of peptides, both native and modified, with polymers, lipids, and inorganic nanoparticles. In this review, we summarize advances on peptides promoting gene delivery systems. The efficacy of nucleic acid therapies largely depends on cell internalization and the delivery to subcellular organelles. Hence, the review focuses on nanocarriers where peptides are pivotal in ferrying nucleic acids to their site of action, with a special emphasis on peptides that assist anionic, water-soluble nucleic acids in crossing the membrane barriers they encounter on their way to efficient function. In a second part, we address how peptides advance nanoassembly delivery tools, such that they navigate delivery barriers and release their nucleic acid cargo at specific sites in a controlled fashion.

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