Monoclonal Antibodies in the Study of Cell Lineage, Differentiation and Malignancy in the Human Breast

1985 ◽  
pp. 60-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Taylor-Papadimitriou ◽  
J. Bartek ◽  
E. Durban ◽  
J. Burchell ◽  
R. C. Hallowes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Lineage Differentiation

scholarly journals DNA Replication Licensing and Progenitor Numbers Are Increased by Progesterone in Normal Human Breast

Endocrinology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 150 (7) ◽  
pp. 3318-3326 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dinny Graham ◽  
Patricia A. Mote ◽  
Usha Salagame ◽  
Jessica H. van Dijk ◽  
Rosemary L. Balleine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Replication ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Minichromosome Maintenance ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Lineage Differentiation ◽  
Normal Human Breast ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
E2f Transcription Factors

Proliferation in the nonpregnant human breast is highest in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle when serum progesterone levels are high, and exposure to progesterone analogues in hormone replacement therapy is known to elevate breast cancer risk, yet the proliferative effects of progesterone in the human breast are poorly understood. In a model of normal human breast, we have shown that progesterone increased incorporation of 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine and increased cell numbers by activation of pathways involved in DNA replication licensing, including E2F transcription factors, chromatin licensing and DNA replication factor 1 (Cdt1), and the minichromosome maintenance proteins and by increased expression of proteins involved in kinetochore formation including Ras-related nuclear protein (Ran) and regulation of chromosome condensation 1 (RCC1). Progenitor cells competent to give rise to both myoepithelial and luminal epithelial cells were increased by progesterone, showing that progesterone influences epithelial cell lineage differentiation. Therefore, we have demonstrated that progesterone augments proliferation of normal human breast cells by both activating DNA replication licensing and kinetochore formation and increasing bipotent progenitor numbers.

MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES AS PROBES OF HUMAN BREAST DISORDERS

1983 ◽  
Vol 417 (1 Oncodevelopme) ◽  
pp. 251-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munro Neville A ◽  
C. Foster ◽  
H. Redding ◽  
R. C. Coombes
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Human Breast

scholarly journals Steroidogenic Factor-1 (SF-1)-Driven Differentiation of Murine Embryonic Stem (ES) Cells into a Gonadal Lineage

Endocrinology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (7) ◽  
pp. 2870-2882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Unmesh Jadhav ◽  
J. Larry Jameson
Keyword(s):  
Target Genes ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Embryoid Body ◽  
Es Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Steroidogenic Factor 1 ◽  
Lineage Differentiation ◽  
And Function

Steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1) is essential for the development and function of steroidogenic tissues. Stable incorporation of SF-1 into embryonic stem cells (SF-1-ES cells) has been shown to prime the cells for steroidogenesis. When provided with exogenous cholesterol substrate, and after treatment with retinoic acid and cAMP, SF-1-ES cells produce progesterone but do not produce other steroids such as cortisol, estradiol, or testosterone. In this study, we explored culture conditions that optimize SF-1-mediated differentiation of ES cells into defined steroidogenic lineages. When embryoid body formation was used to facilitate cell lineage differentiation, SF-1-ES cells were found to be restricted in their differentiation, with fewer cells entering neuronal pathways and a larger fraction entering the steroidogenic lineage. Among the differentiation protocols tested, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) removal, followed by prolonged cAMP treatment was most efficacious for inducing steroidogenesis in SF-1-ES cells. In this protocol, a subset of SF-1-ES cells survives after LIF withdrawal, undergoes morphologic differentiation, and recovers proliferative capacity. These cells are characterized by induction of steroidogenic enzyme genes, use of de novo cholesterol, and production of multiple steroids including estradiol and testosterone. Microarray studies identified additional pathways associated with SF-1 mediated differentiation. Using biotinylated SF-1 in chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, SF-1 was shown to bind directly to multiple target genes, with induction of binding to some targets after steroidogenic treatment. These studies indicate that SF-1 expression, followed by LIF removal and treatment with cAMP drives ES cells into a steroidogenic pathway characteristic of gonadal steroid-producing cells.

In Vivo Studies of Radiolabeled Monoclonal Antibodies Mc5 and KC4 in Human Breast Cancer

1989 ◽  
pp. 237-248
Author(s):  
Paul A. Bunn ◽  
David G. Dienhart ◽  
Raymond F. Schmelter ◽  
James L. Lear ◽  
Gary Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Human Breast Cancer ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Human Breast

scholarly journals Stages versus subsets: Invariant Natural Killer T cell lineage differentiation

Cytokine ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather M. Buechel ◽  
Martin H. Stradner ◽  
Louise M. D’Cruz
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Natural Killer T Cell ◽  
Lineage Differentiation ◽  
Invariant Natural Killer ◽  
Killer T Cell ◽  
Natural Killer T

scholarly journals Asynchronous Coreceptor Downregulation after Positive Thymic Selection: Prolonged Maintenance of the Double Positive State in CD8 Lineage Differentiation Due to Sustained Biosynthesis of the CD4 Coreceptor

1997 ◽  
Vol 185 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Barthlott ◽  
Hubertus Kohler ◽  
Klaus Eichmann
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Double Positive ◽  
Color Flow ◽  
Temporal Asymmetry ◽  
Translational Activity ◽  
Lineage Differentiation

In several experimental systems analyzing the generation of single positive (SP) thymocytes from double positive (DP) thymocytes, CD4 SP cells have been shown to appear before CD8 SP cells. This apparent temporal asymmetry in the maturation of CD4 SP and CD8 SP thymocytes could either be due to divergent molecular differentiation programs of the two T cell lineages, or merely to slower degradation kinetics of the CD4 protein. To study this question in unmanipulated in vivo differentiation, we developed a four-color flow cytometry protocol which identifies a recently activated TCRintCD69pos thymocyte population containing DP cells and early CD4 SP cells but no CD8 SP cells. We show that these TCRintCD69pos thymocytes represent a transitory stage in the mainstream αβ T cell lineage. The precursors of the CD8 SP cells are contained in this population as incompletely selected DP cells. Moreover, we show that expression of both coreceptors in the TCRintCD69pos population depends on transcriptional and translational activity, thus excluding differences in turnover rates of the CD4 and CD8 proteins as the cause of the asynchrony in differentiation of the CD4 and CD8 lineages.

scholarly journals Human macrophage maturation and heterogeneity: analysis with a newly generated set of monoclonal antibodies to differentiation antigens

Blood ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1257-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Andreesen ◽  
KJ Bross ◽  
J Osterholz ◽  
F Emmrich
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Human Macrophage ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Differentiation Antigens

We have analyzed the expression of late differentiation antigens during terminal in vitro maturation of human macrophages (M phi) from blood monocytes (MO) in comparison to their distribution among mature M phi residing in various tissue sites. By immunizing mice with M phi derived from blood MO by culture on hydrophobic Teflon foils, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were developed (MAX.1, MAX.2, MAX.3, MAX.11) that reacted with lineage-restricted differentiation antigens. These antigens were expressed exclusively on M phi or were markedly increased after in vitro differentiation. The only overlap to another hemopoietic cell lineage was observed with MAX.3, which is shared by platelets and megakaryocytes. In the course of M phi maturation in vitro, the MAX.1 and MAX.3 antigens are detected within the cytoplasm two days before they appear on the cell surface. In contrast, the MAX.11 antigen is expressed simultaneously in the cytoplasm and at the cell surface, is found in varying degrees on a minor portion of blood MO and U937 cells, and is expressed rapidly at high density during early M phi differentiation in vitro. Among conventional mAbs that do not react with MO we found those against the transferrin (TF)-receptor, the BA-2, and the PCA1 antigen to label M phi. M phi matured in vivo and isolated from body fluids were positive with some but not all MAX mAbs. Distinctive patterns were observed with pulmonary M phi, exudate M phi from pleural and peritoneal effusions, synovial fluids, and early lactation milk. M phi from the alveolar space, for example, constantly expressed the MAX.2 antigen but not the MAX.3 antigen. Pleural effusion M phi, however, did not react with the MAX.1 mAb, but in most cases, it did react with the MAX.3 mAb. The detection of novel differentiation antigens, all expressed on monocyte-derived M phi but differently expressed on site-specific M phi in situ, underlines the remarkable heterogeneity among human M phi. The expression of these antigens is flexible because those MAX antigens that were not expressed in situ could be induced if cells from distinct tissue sites were cultured in vitro for several days. MAX mAbs may be of potential value to study both the sequential stages of maturation within the M phi lineage as well as differential developments induced by various culture conditions in parallel to environmental factors in vivo.

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