Limb Apraxia: Types, Neural Correlates, and Implications for Clinical Assessment and Function in Daily Living

Background: Utilities of blood-based biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) clinical trials remain unknown. Objective: To evaluate the ability of plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) to predict future declines in cognition and activities of daily living (ADL) outcomes in 26 older adults with mild-to-moderate AD dementia from the FIT-AD Trial. Methods: Plasma NfL was measured at baseline and 3 and 6 months. Cognition and ADL were assessed using the AD Assessment Scale-Cognition (ADAS-Cog) and AD Uniform Dataset Instruments and Disability Assessment for Dementia (DAD), respectively, at baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Linear mixed effects models were used to examine the associations between baseline or change in plasma NfL and changes in outcomes. Results: Higher baseline plasma NfL was associated with greater rate of decline in ADAS-Cog from baseline to 6 months (standardized estimate of 0.00462, p = 0.02853) and in ADL from baseline to 12 months (standardized estimate of –0.00284, p = 0.03338). Greater increase in plasma NfL in short term from baseline to 3 months was associated with greater rate of decline in memory and ADL from 3 to 6 months (standardized estimate of –0.04638 [0.003], p = 0.01635; standardized estimate of –0.03818, p = 0.0435) and greater rate of decline in ADL from 3 to 12 month (standardized estimate of –0.01492, p = 0.01082). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that plasma NfL might have the potential to predict cognitive and function decline up to 12 months. However, future studies with bigger sample sizes need to confirm the findings.

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Measurement properties of existing clinical assessment methods evaluating scapular positioning and function. A systematic review

Physiotherapy Theory and Practice ◽

10.3109/09593985.2014.899414 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 30 (7) ◽

pp. 453-482 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Camilla Marie Larsen ◽

Birgit Juul-Kristensen ◽

Hans Lund ◽

Karen Søgaard

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Clinical Assessment ◽

Assessment Methods ◽

Measurement Properties ◽

And Function

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Adaptive Prediction for Social Contexts: The Cerebellar Contribution to Typical and Atypical Social Behaviors

Annual Review of Neuroscience ◽

10.1146/annurev-neuro-100120-092143 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 475-493

Author(s):

Catherine J. Stoodley ◽

Peter T. Tsai

Keyword(s):

Social Interactions ◽

Social Communication ◽

Neural Correlates ◽

Social Contexts ◽

Predictive Processing ◽

Social Deficits ◽

Cerebellar Dysfunction ◽

Appropriate Behavior ◽

Communication Challenges ◽

And Function

Social interactions involve processes ranging from face recognition to understanding others’ intentions. To guide appropriate behavior in a given context, social interactions rely on accurately predicting the outcomes of one's actions and the thoughts of others. Because social interactions are inherently dynamic, these predictions must be continuously adapted. The neural correlates of social processing have largely focused on emotion, mentalizing, and reward networks, without integration of systems involved in prediction. The cerebellum forms predictive models to calibrate movements and adapt them to changing situations, and cerebellar predictive modeling is thought to extend to nonmotor behaviors. Primary cerebellar dysfunction can produce social deficits, and atypical cerebellar structure and function are reported in autism, which is characterized by social communication challenges and atypical predictive processing. We examine the evidence that cerebellar-mediated predictions and adaptation play important roles in social processes and argue that disruptions in these processes contribute to autism.

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Shared neural correlates of limb apraxia in early stages of Alzheimer's dementia and behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia

Cortex ◽

10.1016/j.cortex.2016.08.009 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 84 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Andreas Johnen ◽

Lisa Brandstetter ◽

Christian Kärgel ◽

Heinz Wiendl ◽

Hubertus Lohmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Frontotemporal Dementia ◽

Neural Correlates ◽

Alzheimer’S Dementia ◽

Alzheimer's Dementia ◽

Early Stages ◽

Limb Apraxia

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Catatonia – case report and review

Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0790966700001543 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 205-209

Author(s):

Finian M O'Brien ◽

Joan Moroney ◽

Declan Lyons ◽

Kieran C Murphy

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Daily Living ◽

Medication Regimen ◽

Drug Induced ◽

Significant Deterioration ◽

Convulsive Therapy ◽

Multidisciplinary Assessment ◽

Short Period ◽

And Function ◽

Electro Convulsive Therapy

AbstractCatatonia is a neuro-psychiatric disorder that can occur in medical, psychiatric and drug-induced conditions but is often unrecognised. A 64 year-old woman was admitted to hospital for assessment of a significant deterioration in her ability to communicate and function normally so that she had become completely dependent on others for all activities of daily living for nearly three years. Outpatient medical and psychiatric assessments failed to clarify diagnosis. On admission to a general hospital, the neurology team initially believed she had a Parkinson's-like syndrome but after further investigation and comprehensive multidisciplinary assessment, including neuro-psychiatric review, she was diagnosed with catatonia. She was subsequently admitted to a psychiatric hospital where she received electro-convulsive therapy and changes to her psychotropic medication regimen. She responded well to treatment and within a short period of time was able to function independently again.

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Neural Correlates of Activities of Daily Living in Frontotemporal Dementia

Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology ◽

10.1177/0891988713477474 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 51-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

E. Mioshi ◽

J. R. Hodges ◽

M. Hornberger

Keyword(s):

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Frontotemporal Dementia ◽

Gray Matter ◽

Daily Living ◽

Functional Disability ◽

Neural Correlates ◽

Voxel Based Morphometry ◽

Tailored Interventions ◽

Gray Matter Atrophy ◽

Patient Groups

Background: Little research to date has investigated neural correlates of functional disability in frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Methods: Activities of daily living (ADL) were covaried against gray matter atrophy regions via Voxel-based morphometry in FTD (n = 52) and contrasted against a dementia control Alzheimer disease (AD) group (n = 20) and healthy age-matched controls (n = 18). Results: Both patient groups had similar ADL scores. However, FTD and AD differed on the gray matter atrophy areas associated with ADL scores. The FTD showed involvement of prefrontal and thalamus regions while AD showed widespread temporal, parietal, frontal, and caudate atrophy correlating with ADL dysfunction. Importantly, only the left superior frontal gyrus was implicated in ADL dysfunction for both FTD and AD. Conclusions: Differences in underlying neural correlates of ADL impairment have important clinical implications as these differences should be taken into account when interventions are planned. Dementia subtypes might require specifically tailored interventions for functional disability.

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