Normal Functional Biology of the Liver

2013 ◽  
pp. 23-51
Author(s):  
Anne M. Larson ◽  
Matthew Hauswald
Keyword(s):  
Normal Functional ◽  
Functional Biology

scholarly journals Normal functional characteristics of cultured human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) after induction of differentiation by dimethylsulfoxide.

1979 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 969-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Collins ◽  
F W Ruscetti ◽  
R E Gallagher ◽  
R C Gallo
Keyword(s):  
Leukemia Cell ◽  
Myeloid Cell ◽  
Promyelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Leukemia Cell Line ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
Dye Reduction ◽  
Normal Functional ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Promyelocytic Leukemia Cell Line

The HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cell line can be induced to terminally differentiate to mature myeloid cells sharing a number of functional characteristics with normal granulocytes including response to chemoattractants, development of complement receptors, phagocytosis, superoxide production, and nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction. Hence the Me2SO-induced HL-60 cells provide a unique in vitro model for studying various important aspects of human myeloid cell differentiation.

A novel technique for measuring hypothalamic and pituitary hormone secretion rates from collection of pituitary venous effluent in the normal horse

1987 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. G. Irvine ◽  
S. L. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Pituitary Hormone ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Normal Functional ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Secretion Rates

ABSTRACT We have described a novel technique for collecting pituitary venous effluent in the horse by placing a cannula in the intercavernous sinus close to the outlet of the pituitary veins using a venous pathway unique to equids. Cannula placement and blood collection are carried out painlessly in fully conscious, ambulatory, unstressed animals. There is no interference to hypothalamic, pituitary or target organ function. The blood collected contains readily measurable concentrations of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone, and LH concentrations which can be up to 40 times those in concurrent peripheral blood samples. Four millilitre blood samples, a quantity which permits simultaneous measurement of many hypothalamic and pituitary hormones, can be collected at 2-min intervals for several days. Intercavernous sinus blood flow can be calculated allowing secretion rates of hypothalamic and pituitary hormones to be determined for any time-period. This model is uniquely useful for investigating the normal functional characteristics of several neuroendocrine and endocrine systems. J. Endocr. (1987) 113, 183–192

Treatment of Symptomatic Hemorrhoids by Baron’s Band Ligation

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3355-3356
Author(s):  
Fazal-e- Nauman ◽  
Sirajud din ◽  
Shandana Gul ◽  
Mahwash Anjum Shafiq
Keyword(s):  
Rubber Band Ligation ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Rubber Band ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Band Ligation ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Normal Functional ◽  
One Year

Haemorrhoids are a clinical symptom of a change in the normal functional architecture of the inflamed and swollen veins known as the anal cushion. Numerous treatment opportunities are available for this communal issue, but Baron's Gum Ligation (RBL) is the utmost frequently used technique for second- and third-degree haemorrhoids because it treats hemorrhoidal disease without anaesthesia, hospitalization, minimal complications, and ooutpatient discharge is uneventful compared to conventional surgery. Purpose: We conducted this study to evaluate the effectiveness of rubber band ligation in the treatment of second- and third-degree haemorrhoids. Methodology: This prospective study was performed on 76 patients over a six-month period at the Department of General Surgery from January 2021 to June 2021 at Islam Medical College and Teaching Hospital Sialkot. Rubber rubber ligation was used in all patients. A maximum of two haemorrhoids in one session were banded, and third as needed in a check-up done two weeks later. At the end of the fourth week, post-banding assessments were made for the presence and absence of bleeding, pain, and haemorrhoidal prolapse. Results: Of the 76 patients, 60 (78.9%) were male and 16 (21.1%) were female. The M:F ratio was 5.0: 1.0. 37.85 years was the mean age of patients (range 15 to 68). The duration of symptoms in approximately 48 patients (63.2%) was less than one year old, and in 18 (23.7%) patients ranged from 1 to 3 years and 10 (13.2%) patients had symptoms for more than 4 years. Complications occurred in 23 patients, bleeding in three patients, pain in 18 patients, 2 patients have prolapsed. Conclusion: RBL is effective, safe and simple method of symptomatic treatment for 2nd and 3rd degree haemorrhoids in an outpatient setting.

Clinical and radiological outcomes of 5-year drug-free remission-steered treatment in patients with early arthritis: IMPROVED study

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülşah Akdemir ◽  
Lotte Heimans ◽  
Sytske Anne Bergstra ◽  
Robbert J Goekoop ◽  
Maikel van Oosterhout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Ability ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Early Arthritis ◽  
Remission Induction ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Damage Progression ◽  
Normal Functional ◽  
Radiological Damage ◽  
Drug Free

ObjectivesTo determine the 5-year outcomes of early remission induction therapy followed by targeted treatment aimed at drug-free remission (DFR) in patients with early arthritis.MethodsIn 12 hospitals, 610 patients with early (<2 years) rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or undifferentiated arthritis (UA) started on methotrexate (MTX) 25 mg/week and prednisone (60 mg/day tapered to 7.5 mg/day). Patients not in early remission (Disease Activity Score <1.6 after 4 months) were randomised (single blind) to arm 1, adding hydroxychloroquine 400 mg/day and sulfasalazine 2000 mg/day, or arm 2, switching to MTX plus adalimumab 40 mg/2 weeks. Treatment adjustments over time aimed at DFR. Outcomes were remission percentages, functional ability, toxicity and radiological damage progression after 5 years.ResultsAfter 4 months, 387 patients were in early remission, 83 were randomised to arm 1 and 78 to arm 2. After 5 years, 295/610 (48%) patients were in remission, 26% in sustained DFR (SDFR) (≥1 year) (220/387 (57%) remission and 135/387 (35%) SDFR in the early remission group, 50% remission, 11% SDFR in the randomisation arms without differences between the arms). More patients with UA (37% vs 23% RA, p=0.001) and more anticitrullinated protein antibody (ACPA)-negative patients (37% vs 18% ACPA-positive, p<0.001) achieved SDFR.Overall, mean Health Assessment Questionnaire was 0.6 (0.5), and median (IQR) damage progression was 0.5 (0–2.7) Sharp/van der Heijde points, with only five patients showing progression >25 points in 5 years.ConclusionsFive years of DFR-steered treatment in patients with early RA resulted in almost normal functional ability without clinically relevant joint damage across treatment groups. Patients who achieved early remission had the best clinical outcomes. There were no differences between the randomisation arms. SDFR is a realistic treatment goal.

scholarly journals Structural and functional biology of arachidonic acid 15-lipoxygenase-1 (ALOX15)

Gene ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 573 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Ivanov ◽  
Hartmut Kuhn ◽  
Dagmar Heydeck
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Functional Biology

scholarly journals Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans: The virulence factors and relation to persistence biofilm formation

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-435
Author(s):  
Syakir Syahiran ◽  
Wan Rohani Wan Taib ◽  
Norzawani Jaffar
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Essential Factor ◽  
Abiotic Surfaces ◽  
Functional Biology ◽  
Systemic Infections

Periodontitis is an infectious and inflammatory condition that is associated with subgingival biofilms in tooth-supporting tissues. Among the several hundred isolated organisms in the oral cavity, one of the most isolated bacteria from infected periodontal pockets are Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. It is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic bacillus that causes juvenile (localized aggressive periodontitis) and adolescent periodontal diseases. The development of biofilms is an essential factor in pathogenesis for A. actinomycetemcomitans. The early attachment of A. actinomycetemcomitans to abiotic surfaces relies on its protein-like fimbriae. This organism's ability to form tenacious biofilms can determine its survival and progression. A. actinomycetemcomitans, a pathogen not solely in periodontal but also involve in some systemic infections. This species has several virulence factors and genes that contribute to its oral cavity survival and, worst of all, cause bone resorption and tooth loss. Genetic diversity between the different A. actinomycetemcomitans isolates are great, and their ability to express and release virulence factors varies. In this review article, we discuss about the potential virulence factors and candidates genes for A. actinomycetemcomitans and their roles within periodontal disease by revealing their functional biology in facilitating attachment to oral surfaces, hindering protection of the host and causing inflammation and degradation of tissue.

scholarly journals Functional biology of ion channels: a review

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Subhashree Sarangi ◽  
A. P. K. Mahapatra ◽  
A. K. Kundu ◽  
S. Mohapatra
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channels ◽  
Functional Biology
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