Sclerobanding (Combined Rubber Band Ligation with 3% Polidocanol Foam Sclerotherapy) for the Treatment of Second- and Third-Degree Hemorrhoidal Disease: Feasibility and Short-Term Outcomes

Background: Sclerobanding is a novel technique combining rubber band ligation with 3% polidocanol foam sclerotherapy for the treatment of hemorrhoidal disease (HD). The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility, safety and short-term outcomes of sclerobanding in the treatment of second- and third-degree HD. Methods: A retrospective analysis of second- and third-degree HD cases from November 2017 to August 2021 was performed. Patients on anticoagulants or with other HD degrees were excluded. Follow-up was conducted at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and then every 12 months. Results: 97 patients with second- (20 pts; 20.6%) and third-degree (77 pts; 79.4%) HD with a mean age of 52 years (20–84; SD ± 15.5) were included. Fifty-six patients were men (57.7%) and forty-one women (42.3%). Median follow-up was 13 months (1–26 months). No intraoperative adverse events or drug-related side effects occurred. Minor complications occurred in four patients (4.1%) in the first 30 postoperative days and all resolved after conservative treatment at the 3-month follow-up visit. No mortality or readmissions were observed. Conclusions: Sclerobanding is a safe technique with a low rate of minor postoperative complications. Further studies on larger samples are necessary to establish the effectiveness and long-term outcomes of the technique.

Comparative assessment of efficacy of artery ligation versus rubber band ligation for management of haemorrhoids in Southern Rajasthan

Background: One of the commonest complaints presenting in the surgical out patient department (OPD) is haemorrhoids. Commonest types of haemorrhoids are grade II and III. There is a wide number of modalities that can be adopted for their management. It depends on the skill of the surgeon and preferences of the patient. The present study was designed to ascertain if two modalities of artery ligation and band ligation are comparatively equal or not in managing symptomatic grade II and III haemorrhoids in Rajasthan.Methods: The study comprised of 100 subjects who were randomly divided in two groups based on the procedure to be followed. The subjects were told about the study and its objective.Results: The observations reported that among the selected study population there were more relapses in band ligation as compared to artery ligation.Conclusions: This led to the conclusion that despite its painful and traumatic methodology, haemorrhoid artery ligation still provides a better outcome.

Treatment of Symptomatic Hemorrhoids by Baron’s Band Ligation

Haemorrhoids are a clinical symptom of a change in the normal functional architecture of the inflamed and swollen veins known as the anal cushion. Numerous treatment opportunities are available for this communal issue, but Baron's Gum Ligation (RBL) is the utmost frequently used technique for second- and third-degree haemorrhoids because it treats hemorrhoidal disease without anaesthesia, hospitalization, minimal complications, and ooutpatient discharge is uneventful compared to conventional surgery. Purpose: We conducted this study to evaluate the effectiveness of rubber band ligation in the treatment of second- and third-degree haemorrhoids. Methodology: This prospective study was performed on 76 patients over a six-month period at the Department of General Surgery from January 2021 to June 2021 at Islam Medical College and Teaching Hospital Sialkot. Rubber rubber ligation was used in all patients. A maximum of two haemorrhoids in one session were banded, and third as needed in a check-up done two weeks later. At the end of the fourth week, post-banding assessments were made for the presence and absence of bleeding, pain, and haemorrhoidal prolapse. Results: Of the 76 patients, 60 (78.9%) were male and 16 (21.1%) were female. The M:F ratio was 5.0: 1.0. 37.85 years was the mean age of patients (range 15 to 68). The duration of symptoms in approximately 48 patients (63.2%) was less than one year old, and in 18 (23.7%) patients ranged from 1 to 3 years and 10 (13.2%) patients had symptoms for more than 4 years. Complications occurred in 23 patients, bleeding in three patients, pain in 18 patients, 2 patients have prolapsed. Conclusion: RBL is effective, safe and simple method of symptomatic treatment for 2nd and 3rd degree haemorrhoids in an outpatient setting.

A Cross Sectional Study on the Outcome of Rubber Band Ligation in third Degree Hemorrhoids

Objective: To determine the outcome of rubber band ligation in third degree hemorrhoids. Methods: - This design of this study was cross sectional study. The study was conducted at Shalamar medical and dental college, Lahore and the duration of this study was from April 2020 to September 2021. 215 patients were seen with complain of hemorrhoids, of which 47 had 3rd degree hemorrhoids. All patients with 3rd degree hemorrhoids underwent for rubber band ligation and were enrolled in the study. Outcome in our study was defined as pain, bleeding, constipation, anal fissure/fistula and infection. Chi- square test (χ2) of all qualitative variables was applied by taking p-value < 0.05 as significant. Results: - Of 47 patients admitted with 3rd degree hemorrhoid, 30 were males and 17 were females. The mean age of males was 38.78±12.71 while mean females age were found to be 22.73± 7.25 respectively. The most common complaint following rubber band ligation (RBL) was pain. 19 out of 47 patients were presented with pain followed by bleeding (14), constipation (13), anal fissure/fistula (10) and infection (8) which constitutes about 22.34 %, 22.78%15.32% and 14.03% respectively. There was significant relationship found between gender and anal fissure/fistula with p-value of <0.05. Conclusion: - Patients with 3rd degree hemorrhoids after RBL procedure showed fewer complications comparable to other surgical procedures in the treatment of hemorrhoids. It is the best possible options in third degree internal hemorrhoids. Moreover, this procedure is simple and cost-effective and requires no hospitalization, no anesthesia and no post-operative care. Keywords: - 3rd degree Hemorrhoids, Outcome, Rubber Band Ligation.

A Case Study on Effective Management of Abhayantra Arsha by Kshara Karma

Arshas being the most common grievous ailment and one of the eight most intractable disorders (Ashta Mahagada) explicited by Acharya Susruta & Vagbhata. Haemorrhoids are the dilatation of the anal and perianal venous plexus. The disturbance of Jatharagni is the most accepted cause of ano rectal problems, which further contributes to constipation. Constipation increases the back pressure into the haemorrhoidal veins to produce piles. Arsha requires a surgical technique in modern treatment, such as haemorrhoidectomy, rubber band ligation, and so on. Kshara is a caustic chemical, alkaline in nature, derived from medicinal plant ashes. The effect of Kshara karma is highly commended, it can replace the Shastra karma as it does the functions of Chedana, Bhedana, Lekhana karmas without using Shastras. Kshara karma can be utilised efficiently in individuals who are afraid of surgery as a complement for surgical operations. A 48years-old male patient presented with complaints of some mass coming out during defecation and bleeding while passing stool to the anorectal unit, OPD, National Institute of Ayurveda, deemed to be university Jaipur Rajasthan. The patient was treated successfully with Kshara karma application. The pile mass and per rectal haemorrhage was gone in 8 days and the patient was free of all symptoms within 18-20 days. The findings revealed that there are maximum advantages which are shared in this case study.

Application of rubber band ligation as a treatment of internal hemorrhoids

Background: Aim was to more than three-quarters of the whole population will experience complaints of hemorrhoids at some point in their lifetime. The treatment of internal hemorrhoids includes medical, minimally invasive and surgical treatments. The aim of the study was to evaluate the data of patients who were applied with rubber band ligation (RBL) as a minimally invasive treatment method of internal hemorrhoids.Method: The study conducted in the gastroenterology department of Izmir Tepecik training and research hospital between December 2015 and December 2019. Demographic and laboratory data of the patients, the success and the complications rates of the procedure were evaluated retrospectively .Results: Evaluation was carried out in 45 consecutive patients, comprising 23 (51.1%) females and 22 (48.9%) males with a mean age of 54.62±7.82 years (range, 40-82 years). Procedural success rate was 91.1% and failure of treatment was seen in 8.9% of the patient. Recurrence rate of RBL procedure determined with control rectoscopy was found as 5.26% at 1 year follow-up. No major complications developed in any patient. Significant correlation was determined between the development of bleeding and the use of anticoagulants and anti-aggregants (p=0.003). No significant relationship was seen between the number of band ligation procedures and the development of complications (p=0.275).Conclusions: The application of RBL, which is widely used in the treatment of internal hemorrhoids, is a reliable and low-cost method that shortens the length of stay in hospital, which can be preferred in patients with high comorbidity risk for surgery.