161 Days of Full Competition — Some Observations from the German Market

This chapter focuses on Albatross Press's efforts to win the European continent, including the increasingly nationalistic German market. On February 15, 1932, flying in the face of the economic turmoil raging in Europe, Albatross began with optimism. In a half-page advertisement in the Börsenblatt, the firm introduced the first six volumes of the Albatross Modern Continental Library to booksellers in the German-speaking world. Evidently, the exhausting work of the previous year had come to fruition: securing funding, testing printers, creating a look for the series, selecting the titles, and persuading authors, agents, and publishers to throw over Bernhard Tauchnitz for Albatross. This chapter examines how Albatross, led by Max Christian Wegner, Kurt Enoch, and John Holroyd-Reece, pursued a modern agenda that trespassed on the terrain of the British publishing establishment.

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Conversion Technologies: The Challenges for the MARTIN Reverse-Acting Grate System

15th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference ◽

10.1115/nawtec15-001 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Ralf Koralewska

Keyword(s):

Bottom Ash ◽

District Heating ◽

Practical Experience ◽

Engineering Technology ◽

German Market ◽

Technical Problems ◽

Regulatory Policies ◽

Market Shares ◽

Economic Constraints ◽

Conversion Technologies

Thermal treatment of waste differs significantly from the combustion of regular fuels due to the fluctuating and unpredictable composition of the fuel. It is therefore necessary to develop processes with safe process engineering technology that guarantee the treatment of waste in accordance with ecological and economic constraints in addition to complying with international legal requirements. Various important factors have to be considered: not only the reduction of the volume and mass of waste and the destruction and separation of pollutants, but also the efficient energy production (electricity and district heating) and the guaranteed treatment of all waste. In order to comply with strict Japanese regulatory policies, particularly with regard to residue quality and overall output of organic substances, grate technology was modified by means of downstream melting processes that are intensive in terms of maintenance, energy and resulting costs. While vitrification of bottom ash and fly ash does improve quality and provide additional recycling possibilities, it has not proven sustainable. Conversion technologies using separated high-temperature processes make integrated production of granulated slag possible. Large market shares in Japan were gained as a result. However, practical experience in largescale plants has shown serious drawbacks with regard to availability, profitability and process safety. The use of alternative waste conversion technologies failed on the German market due to massive technical problems and considerable financial losses for all those involved.

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Are side effects of cannabidiol (CBD) products caused by tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) contamination?

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.19931.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 1394 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Dirk W. Lachenmeier ◽

Stephanie Habel ◽

Berit Fischer ◽

Frauke Herbi ◽

Yvonne Zerbe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Mass Spectrometric ◽

Health Claims ◽

Dose Effect ◽

Full Spectrum ◽

German Market ◽

Food Ingredients ◽

Tandem Mass Spectrometric ◽

Liquid Chromatographic

Cannabidiol (CBD)-containing products are widely marketed as over the counter products, mostly as food supplements, to avoid the strict rules of medicinal products. Side-effects reported in anecdotal consumer reports or during clinical studies were first assumed to be due to hydrolytic conversion of CBD to psychotropic Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in the stomach after oral consumption. However, research of pure CBD solutions stored in simulated gastric juice or subjected to various storage conditions such as heat and light with specific liquid chromatographic/tandem mass spectrometric (LC/MS/MS) and ultra-high pressure liquid chromatographic/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometric (UPLC-QTOF) analyses was unable to confirm THC formation. Another hypothesis for the side-effects of CBD products may be residual THC concentrations in the products as contamination, because most of them are based on crude hemp extracts containing the full spectrum of cannabinoids besides CBD. Analyses of 67 food products of the German market (mostly CBD oils) confirmed this hypothesis: 17 products (25%) contained THC above the lowest observed adverse effects level (2.5 mg/day). Inversely, CBD was present in the products below the no observed adverse effect level. Hence, it may be assumed that the adverse effects of some commercial CBD products are based on a low-dose effect of THC and not due to effects of CBD itself. The safety, efficacy and purity of commercial CBD products is highly questionable, and all of the products in our sample collection showed various non-conformities to European food law such as unsafe THC levels, full-spectrum hemp extracts as non-approved novel food ingredients, non-approved health claims, and deficits in mandatory food labelling requirements. In view of the growing market for such lifestyle products, the effectiveness of the instrument of food business operators' own responsibility for product safety must obviously be challenged.

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Quaestio-related information structuring in German market reports

Germanica Wratislaviensia ◽

10.19195/0435-5865.145.14 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 145 ◽

pp. 163-178

Author(s):

Krzysztof Nycz

Keyword(s):

Information Structure ◽

German Market ◽

Main Structure ◽

Related Information ◽

Focus Structure

This paper attempts at analyzing the information structure of an economic text with the use of the quaestio model. The quaestio constrains the topic-focus structure of particular utterances as well as the manner in which information is carried from one utterance to the next. At the same time, it outlines the overall structure of the text, describes which expressions in the text form its main structure, and which belong to the side structure.

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