Enhancing Private Biomedical Technology: The Role of Federal Programs

Author(s):  
Steven J. Phillips
Author(s):  
Kant Patel ◽  
Mark Rushefsky

1989 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Rich

Understanding the dynamics of policy distribution requires an appreciation of federal grant programs that have achieved a prominent place in nearly all areas of domestic policy. The theoretical literature on distributive politics, however, focuses almost exclusively on a centralized, top-down view of policy distribution. By examining the role of presidents, legislators, and bureaucrats, scholars have ignored participants who have become key actors in the distribution of federal expenditures—the recipient jurisdictions. This analysis of the allocation patterns under six federal programs shows that local governments exert important influences on the distribution of federal grants and that the distributional patterns and their determinants vary over time. The analysis also points out the importance of disaggregation by focusing on programs and recipient jurisdictions, as opposed to total federal expenditures and regions, states, or congressional districts.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
R. V. MEDVEDEV ◽  

The author's generalization of the practice of state support for small and medium-sized businesses through legal acts, federal programs, national projects is presented. The analysis of the role of specialized funds for support of development and financing of innovations in terms of supporting innovative entrepreneurial initiatives is given. In article are summarized based on surveys and expert opinions, the main results of the development business’s system in Russia. The main problems of small business support through private initiative, accelerators and the formation of business alliances with the help of corporate venture financing are identified.


2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 13 ◽  
pp. 47-59
Author(s):  
Mojgan Sheikhpour ◽  
Mohadeseh Arabi ◽  
Alibakhsh Kasaeian ◽  
Ali Rokn Rabei ◽  
Zahra Taherian

Hawwa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 193-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman Shabana

Abstract This paper examines the role of biomedical technology in reconstructing traditional gender roles in the Muslim world. It questions the neutrality of this technology and explores the extent to which various applications of genetic and reproductive technologies can be used either to enhance or diminish gender equality. It concentrates on Islamic normative discussions surrounding pre-marital genetic testing and sex selection and emphasizes the role of these discussions for the proper accommodation of these technologies within the Muslim context.


2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (133) ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Shipman
Keyword(s):  

1982 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milbrey Wallin McLaughlin

Milbrey McLaughlin's analysis of selected state responses to the 1981 Education Consolidation and Improvement Act (ECIA) suggests that the New Federalism in education will have a number of negative consequences. She argues that although the federal programs consolidated by this legislation needed reform, ECIA creates new problems that will hamper the achievement of its goals of providing services for needy students and supporting efforts to improve educational practice. The act not only reduces funding for these purposes, but also disrupts practitioner networks, diminishes state authority and flexibility, and Balkanizes federal education policy. Lorenza Calvillo-Craig concurs with the analysis of ECIA, emphasizing that states are unlikely to continue to address the needs of the educationally disadvantaged. She takes issue, however, with the assertion that previous categorical programs generated unnecessary red tape. Richard Hodes argues that while many of the criticisms of ECIA may be valid, the act is not in fact an expression of the New Federalism. He endorses the New Federalism as a means of reasserting the Tenth Amendment, and debates the assertion that many states lack the capacity to assume the responsibility given them by ECIA.


JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  

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