The Mine Water Leaching Procedure: Evaluating the Environmental Risk of Backfilling Mines with Coal Ash

2003 ◽  
pp. 75-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul F. Ziemkiewicz ◽  
Jennifer S. Simmons ◽  
Anna S. Knox
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Mine Water ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Water Leaching ◽  
Leaching Procedure

Water-leaching characteristic of valuable trace metals (U, V, and Ga) from (NH4)2SO4-treated coal ash: A coprecipitation behavior at high temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 388 ◽  
pp. 122113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Yang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Yumei Li ◽  
Changxiang Wang ◽  
Sen Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Water Leaching

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN ABU BATUBARA SEBAGAI MATERIAL TANAH DASAR DI TAMBANG BATU HIJAU, SUMBAWA BARAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 595-602
Author(s):  
Mara Maswahenu ◽  
Firmansyah Firmansyah ◽  
Aulya Salsabila
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure ◽  
Loss On Ignition ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Base ◽  
Access Road ◽  
Leaching Procedure ◽  
Radionuclide Activity

ABSTRAK Pemanfaatan abu batubara (Fly Ash B409 dan Bottom Ash B410) yang sebelumnya dimanfaatkan oleh PT Amman Mineral Nusa Tenggara (PTAMNT) di tambang Batu Hijau sebagai substitusi semen dalam pembuatan beton hanya menyerap 1,7% dari total abu batubara yang dihasilkan. PLTU PTAMNT dapat menghasilkan ± 1.000 ton abu batubara per bulan. Tujuan pemanfaatan abu batubara sebagai material campuran lapisan tanah dasar adalah meningkatkan penerapan prinsip 3R limbah B3 secara internal (sampai dengan 100%) dan mengurangi biaya perawatan dan perbaikan jalan dengan meningkatnya kualitas lapisan tanah dasar. Pada awal tahun 2018, PTAMNT telah memulai kajian pemanfaatan abu batubara sebagai bahan lapisan tanah dasar (road base) dan telah memperoleh izin pemanfataan abu batubara sebagai substitusi bahan baku tanah lapisan dasar (subgrade) sesuai Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Nomor SK.337/Menlhk/Setjen/PLB.3/5/2019   tanggal 13 Mei 2019. Beberapa pengujian telah dilakukan sesuai persyaratan yang telah ditentukan dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 101 Tahun 2014 dan dalam izin pemanfaatan,  termasuk diantaranya uji Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), Loss on Ignition (LoI), Total Oksida Logam,  uji California Bearing Ratio (CBR) laboratorium dengan berbagai komposisi pencampuran tanah dan abu batubara, serta uji aktivitas radionuklida.  Hasil uji sampel campuran abu batubara menunjukan bahwa (1) semua hasil analisis TCLP berada di bawah baku mutu pada Lampiran III dan IV PP101 Tahun 2014, (2) nilai LoI sebesar 8,4%, (3) nilai total oksida logam (penjumlahan SiO2, Al2O3, dan Fe2O3) sebesar 66,1% (kelas C menurut ASTM C618012a dan SNI 2460:2014),  (4) pencampuran tanah dengan abu batubara dapat menaikkan nilai CBR (4-18%), dan (5) aktivitas radionuklida setiap parameter kurang dari 1Bq/gram.  Dinyatakan bahwa pencampuran abu batubara pada lapisan tanah dasar (road base) secara teknis dapat memberikan peningkatan kekuatan daya dukung tanah dasar dengan menaikkan hydraulic conductivity dan menurunkan permeabilitas tanah. Pemanfaatan ini (yang mana telah mendapatkan izin sesuai peraturan perundangan yang berlaku) dapat diaplikasikan pada jalan akses di area reklamasi timbunan batuan penutup dengan ketebalan 2.00 meter atau jalan umum di area sekitar Batu Hijau dengan ketebalan 0.50 meter. Komposisi abu batubara yang dicampurkan maksimal 50% dari berat total campuran tanah dasar Keywords: Abu batubara, Limbah B3, pemanfaatan, 3R  ABSTRACT Coal ash utilization (Fly Ash B409 dan Bottom Ash B410) that has been conducted by PT Amman Mineral Nusa Tenggara (PTAMNT) in Batu Hijau Mine as cement substitute for concrete production was only be able to absorb 1.7% of the total coal ash produced. PTAMNT’s Coal Power Plant can produce ±1,000 m3 coal ash each month. The purposes of utilizing coal ash as road base material blend are to increase the principal application of hazardous waste 3R internally (up to 100%) and to reduce road maintenance and repair cost by increasing the road base quality. In the early 2018, PTAMNT has started the study to utilize coal ash as a road base material blend and acquired the permit based on The Decree of Minister of Environmental Affairs and Forestry Number SK.337/Menlhk/Setjen/PLB.3/5/2019 dated 13 May 2019. Several tests had been run according to the regulated requirements on Government Regulations Number 101 Year 2014, in which include Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) test, Loss on Ignition (LoI), Total Metal Oxide, California Bearing Ratio (CBR) laboratory test with several composition of blend between soil and coal ash, and radionuclide activity test. The result of the given test showed that (1) all TCLP analysis were below the quality standards written on Attachment III and IV PP101 Year 2014, (2) LoI value of 8.4%, (3) total metal oxide (addition of SiO2, Al2O3, dan Fe2O3) value of 66.1% (class C according to ASTM C618012a and SNI 2460:2014), (4) increased CBR value (4-18%) as a result of soil-coal ash blend, (5) radionuclide activity for each parameter is less than 1 Bq/gram. It is stated that coal ash blending on road base material can increase the strength capacity technically by increasing the hydraulic conductivity and reducing soil permeability. This utilization (which already obtained the permit pursuant to prevailing laws and regulations) can be applied on the access road of waste rock dump reclamation with 2,00 meter thickness or primary access road around Batu Hijau with 0.50 meter thickness. The maximum total composition of coal ash is 50% of the total weight of the road base. Keywords: Coal Ash, Hazardous Waste, Utilization, 3R

Application of mine water leaching protocol on coal fly ash to assess leaching characteristics for suitability as a mine backfill material

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godfrey Madzivire ◽  
Koena Ramasenya ◽  
Supi Tlowana ◽  
Henk Coetzee ◽  
Viswanath R. K. Vadapalli
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Mine Water ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Water Leaching ◽  
Mine Backfill ◽  
Backfill Material ◽  
Leaching Characteristics

scholarly journals Speciation and environmental risk of heavy metals in biochars produced by pyrolysis of chicken manure and water-washed swine manure

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andong Wang ◽  
Dongsheng Zou ◽  
Xinyi Zeng ◽  
Bin Chen ◽  
Xiaochen Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure ◽  
Leaching Procedure

AbstractThis study was conducted to investigate the speciation, bioavailability and environmental risk of heavy metals (HMs) in chicken manure (CM) and water-washed swine manure (WSM) and their biochars produced at different pyrolysis temperatures (200 to 800 °C). As the pyrolysis temperature increased, the remaining proportion, toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), HCl and diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) of HMs gradually declined. This result proved that the speciation of HMs in chicken manure biochars (CMB) and water-washed swine manure biochars (WSMB) was influenced by pyrolysis temperature. The proportions of stable fractions were enhanced with increased pyrolysis temperature and weakened the HM validity for vegetation at 800 °C. Finally, the results of the risk assessment showed that the environmental risk of HMs in CMB and WSMB decreased with increasing pyrolysis temperature. Therefore, pyrolysis at 800 °C can provide a practical approach to lessen the initial and underlying heavy metal toxicity of CMB and WSMB to the environment.

scholarly journals Ecological Risk Indicators for Leached Heavy Metals from Coal Ash Generated at a Malaysian Power Plant

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10222
Author(s):  
Teh Sabariah Binti Abd Manan ◽  
Salmia Beddu ◽  
Nur Liyana Mohd Kamal ◽  
Daud Mohamad ◽  
Zarina Itam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Risk Indicator ◽  
Model Risk ◽  
Leaching Procedure ◽  
Significant Model

The application of coal ash (CA) in construction industries has grown rapidly, posing risk to the environment due to heavy metals leaching from the material. This research presents a simulation of ecological risk assessment and model risk indicators (ERI) of leached heavy metals (lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and arsenic (As)) from CA (FA: fly ash and BA: bottom ash) via response surface methodology (RSM). The ERI values were based on quantified leached heavy metals from the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP-1311) and synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP-1312). The ecological risk index (RI ) values for TCLP were 10.27 × 100 (FA), 9.91 × 100 (BA) and 12.58 × 100 (FA + BA); whereas RI for SPLP were 10.34 × 100 (FA), 9.90 × 100 (BA) and 12.61 × 100 (FA + BA). Twenty-nine combinations of operations were evaluated based on Box-Behnken design with ERI as the response variable. The established model risk indicator (i.e., coded and actual factors) of Pb, Cu, Zn and ‘As’ showed significant model terms that describe their relationship very well, perfectly fit to the corresponding ERI (sum of squares = 0.4160, F value = 682,375.55) with probability of 0.01% for an F-value could occur due to noise. The optimized models were validated with error percentage of less than 5%. The established ERI models showed significant model terms and will be useful for ecological monitoring of CA application in construction industries.

scholarly journals Sulfuric Acid Baking—Water Leaching for Gold Enrichment and Arsenic Removal from Gold Concentrate

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1332
Author(s):  
Bongju Kim ◽  
Chulhyun Park ◽  
Kanghee Cho ◽  
Jaehyun Kim ◽  
Nagchoul Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
H2so4 Solution ◽  
Water Leaching ◽  
Leaching Process ◽  
Valuable Metals ◽  
Mineral Compositions ◽  
Gold Grade ◽  
Gold Enrichment ◽  
Leaching Procedure

During the roasting of gold concentrate to improve gold recovery, arsenic is released into the air and valuable elements such as Fe, Cu, Zn, and Pb are converted into oxide minerals. In this research, we evaluated the release of As and the loss of valuable metals during the acid baking and hot water leaching processes used for gold concentrate. The acid bake tests were conducted for gold concentrate using an electric furnace by applying various concentrations of H2SO4 solution under different baking times. The water leaching process was enacted using 70 °C water for the baked samples. Chemical and mineral compositions of the raw and treated samples were analyzed using AAS and XRD, respectively. The results show that soluble metal sulfates, such as rhomboclase and mikasite, were formed in the baked samples, and that the leaching of valuable metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, and Pb) was accelerated during the hot water leaching procedure. During acid baking, arsenic was partially removed by volatilization, and the rest of the arsenic-containing minerals were converted to soluble minerals. The soluble arsenic-containing mineral resulted in a dissolution that was 60 times higher than in the roasted sample. The maximum gold grade of solid residues increased up to 33% through the acid baking–water leaching process. It was confirmed that acid baking with H2SO4 prevented As release into the air, as well as the recovery of valuable metals through hot water leaching, such as Fe, Cu, Zn, and Pb, which were formerly discarded in the tailings.

scholarly journals Environmental Risk Assessment of Coal-Ash-Amended Soil Based on Continuous Planting of Pakchoi

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-204
Author(s):  
Wenxuan Sun ◽  
Liyong Bai ◽  
Huihui Ji ◽  
Wentao Huo ◽  
Zhen Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Assessment ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Amended Soil

Radiochemical Techniques Applied to Laboratory Studies of Water Leaching of Heavy Metals from Coal Fly Ash

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 25-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Goetz
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Water System ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Water Leaching ◽  
Nuclear Techniques ◽  
Pulverized Fuel

Assessment of the potential environmental impact of heavy metals (HM) mobilized by coal-fired power plants showed that water leaching of HM from pulverized fuel ash may for certain HM constitute an important pathway to the aquatic environment. This process was therefore investigated in more detail by laboratory experiments. Batch experiments were performed in order to simulate ash pond conditions, whereas column experiments were carried out to represent water leaching from fly ash deposits. Using highly sensitive radiochemical techniques such as radioactive tracers and neutron activation of fly ash the fate of a single HM could be easily followed even in very low concentration experiments. Employing radioisotopic tracers the distribution coefficients of simple ionic forms of As, Sb, Bi, Se, Te, Cr, Mo, W, Ni, Cd in a coal fly ash/water system could be determined as a function of pH. Results obtained on the adsorption and desorption behaviour of HM on coal fly ash can be explained in part on the basis of the surface predominance and the aqueous chemistry of single ionic, mainly anionic, forms of the relative elements. But ion exchange and coprecipitation phenomena also seem to be important processes. The nature and concentration of ions contained originally in the water used (distilled water, fly ash leachate and seawater) were found to have a strong influence on the sorptive behaviour of HM on coal ashes. The high degree of applicability of radiochemical and nuclear techniques to coal ash water leaching problems has been demonstrated and further points for subsequent research in this field possibly using nuclear techniques are indicated.

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