scholarly journals NMDA Receptors in the Central Nervous System

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasper B. Hansen ◽  
Feng Yi ◽  
Riley E. Perszyk ◽  
Frank S. Menniti ◽  
Stephen F. Traynelis
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Nmda Receptors ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The regulation of NMDA receptors in the central nervous system

1989 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 481-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Macdonald ◽  
Istvan Mody ◽  
Michael W. Salter ◽  
Peter Pennefather ◽  
Jacob H. Schneiderman
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Nmda Receptors ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Effects of Riluzole on Nr2B subunits of NMDA receptors in rat migraine model

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 2242-2245
Author(s):  
Sankaran PK ◽  
Gunapriya Raghunath ◽  
Joy Ghoshal ◽  
Yuvaraj Maria Francis ◽  
Siva T ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Nmda Receptors ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Intense Staining ◽  
Nerve Ganglion ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Migraine, a major public health problem, occurring due to the consequences of serial changes in the nerve ganglion leading to an imbalance in the excitation and inhibition. The is the major neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, causing to the sensory neurons leading to sensitization and . The present study was done to determine the effects of on the Nr2B of NMDA receptors after inducing a migraine. The rats were treated with after inducing migraine with nitroglycerin 10mg/kg. The nitroglycerin treated rats showed intense staining for NR2B , and there was a decrease in the expression after treatment. This study concludes that the NR2B are during migraine and can be used to control those by its property.

scholarly journals D-Amino Acids in the Nervous and Endocrine Systems

Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshimitsu Kiriyama ◽  
Hiromi Nochi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Nmda Receptors ◽  
Disulfide Bonds ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Hormone Release ◽  
Endocrine Organs ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Amino acids are important components for peptides and proteins and act as signal transmitters. Only L-amino acids have been considered necessary in mammals, including humans. However, diverse D-amino acids, such as D-serine, D-aspartate, D-alanine, and D-cysteine, are found in mammals. Physiological roles of these D-amino acids not only in the nervous system but also in the endocrine system are being gradually revealed. N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are associated with learning and memory. D-Serine, D-aspartate, and D-alanine can all bind to NMDA receptors. H2S generated from D-cysteine reduces disulfide bonds in receptors and potentiates their activity. Aberrant receptor activity is related to diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), such as Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and schizophrenia. Furthermore, D-amino acids are detected in parts of the endocrine system, such as the pineal gland, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pancreas, adrenal gland, and testis. D-Aspartate is being investigated for the regulation of hormone release from various endocrine organs. Here we focused on recent findings regarding the synthesis and physiological functions of D-amino acids in the nervous and endocrine systems.

Effects of Hyperoxia on Lung Utrastructure

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Gladys Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Oxygen Effects ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Space Age ◽  
Alveolar Septa ◽  
Extensive Damage

With the advent of the space age and the need to determine the requirements for a space cabin atmosphere, oxygen effects came into increased importance, even though these effects have been the subject of continuous research for many years. In fact, Priestly initiated oxygen research when in 1775 he published his results of isolating oxygen and described the effects of breathing it on himself and two mice, the only creatures to have had the “privilege” of breathing this “pure air”.Early studies had demonstrated the central nervous system effects at pressures above one atmosphere. Light microscopy revealed extensive damage to the lungs at one atmosphere. These changes which included perivascular and peribronchial edema, focal hemorrhage, rupture of the alveolar septa, and widespread edema, resulted in death of the animal in less than one week. The severity of the symptoms differed between species and was age dependent, with young animals being more resistant.

Emigration of neutrophils in the central nervous system

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 788-789
Author(s):  
John L.Beggs ◽  
John D. Waggener ◽  
Wanda Miller ◽  
Jane Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Arterial Perfusion ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intracisternal Injection ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
Interendothelial Junctions

Studies using mesenteric and ear chamber preparations have shown that interendothelial junctions provide the route for neutrophil emigration during inflammation. The term emigration refers to the passage of white blood cells across the endothelium from the vascular lumen. Although the precise pathway of transendo- thelial emigration in the central nervous system (CNS) has not been resolved, the presence of different physiological and morphological (tight junctions) properties of CNS endothelium may dictate alternate emigration pathways.To study neutrophil emigration in the CNS, we induced meningitis in guinea pigs by intracisternal injection of E. coli bacteria.In this model, leptomeningeal inflammation is well developed by 3 hr. After 3 1/2 hr, animals were sacrificed by arterial perfusion with 3% phosphate buffered glutaraldehyde. Tissues from brain and spinal cord were post-fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide, dehydrated in alcohols and propylene oxide, and embedded in Epon. Thin serial sections were cut with diamond knives and examined in a Philips 300 electron microscope.

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