Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a structural abnormality in the heart or majorintrathoracic blood vessel that is present at birth. Advances in modern medicalscience and technology have contributed to an increase in life expectancy andpopulation of CHD patients. Survivors of CHD may not only experience complexmedical problems due to sequelae or complications of the underlying CHD but mayalso experience neuropsychiatric disorders. This review article aims to provide anunderstanding of the neuropsychiatric aspects of CHD, including clinicalmanifestations, risk factors and mechanisms, detection, and management ofneuropsychiatric disorders in CHD. This review showed that CHD patients areprone to behavioral disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders, and mental healthdisorders such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder whichcan cause a decrease in quality of life. The risk factors and mechanisms ofneuropsychiatric disorders in CHD are complex and multifactorial. Early detectionand referral of neuropsychiatric disorders are important. Management requires amultidisciplinary team approach.
Neuropsychiatric Aspects of Congenital Heart Disease: A Review of Current Literatures
