Strategies for Measurement of Biotransformation Enzyme Gene Expression

2014 ◽  
pp. 85-97
Author(s):  
Marjorie Romkes ◽  
Shama C. Buch
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Enzyme Gene ◽  
Biotransformation Enzyme

scholarly journals Silymarin-Enriched Biostimulant Foliar Application Minimizes the Toxicity of Cadmium in Maize by Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Elevating Antioxidant Gene Expression

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Hesham F. Alharby ◽  
Hassan S. Al-Zahrani ◽  
Khalid R. Hakeem ◽  
Hameed Alsamadany ◽  
El-Sayed M. Desoky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidative Enzymes ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Enzyme Gene ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Maize Grain

For maize, the potential preventive role of foliar spraying with an extract derived from maize grain (MEg, 2%), silymarin (Sm, 0.5 mM), or silymarin-enriched MEg (MEg-Sm) in attenuating the stress effects of cadmium (Cd, 0.5 mM) was examined using a completely randomized design layout. Under normal conditions, foliar spraying with MEg, Sm, or MEg-Sm was beneficial (with MEg-Sm preferred) for maize plants, whereas the benefit was more pronounced under Cd stress. The use of Cd through irrigation water decreased plant growth traits, photosynthetic efficiency, including instantaneous carboxylation efficiency, Fv/Fm, and pigment contents, and hormonal contents (e.g., auxin, gibberellins, cytokinins including trans-zeatin, and salicylic acid). These undesired findings were due to an increase in Cd content, leading to increased levels of oxidative stress (O2•− and H2O2), ionic leakage, and lipid peroxidation. Therefore, this damage resulted in an increase in the activities of nonenzymatic antioxidants, Sm, antioxidative enzymes, and enzyme gene expression. However, under Cd stress, although foliar spray with MEg or Sm had better findings than control, MEg-Sm had better findings than MEg or Sm. Application of MEg-Sm greatly increased photosynthesis efficiency, restored hormonal homeostasis, and further increased the activities of various antioxidants, Sm, antioxidative enzymes, and enzyme gene expression. These desired findings were due to the suppression of the Cd content, and thus the levels of O2•−, H2O2, ionic leakage, and lipid peroxidation, which were positively reflected in the growth and accumulation of dry matter in maize plants. The data obtained in this study recommend applying silymarin-enriched maize grain extract (MEg-Sm at 0.24 g Sm L−1 of MEg) as a spray solution to maize plants when exposed to excess Cd in soil or irrigation water.

Effect of light quality on total gypenosides accumulation and related key enzyme gene expression in Gynostemma pentaphyllum

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Ting Wang ◽  
Xiang-rong Tian ◽  
Xiao-yu Wu ◽  
Zhun Luo ◽  
Gui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Light Quality ◽  
Gynostemma Pentaphyllum ◽  
Enzyme Gene ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Effect Of Light

scholarly journals Effect of acarbose on glucose homeostasis, lipogenesis and lipogenic enzyme gene expression in adipose tissue of weaned rats

Diabetologia ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 503-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Maury ◽  
T. Issad ◽  
D. Perdereau ◽  
B. Gouhot ◽  
P. Ferré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Lipogenic Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Gene
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