The Role of Efficient Management of Water Users’ Associations for Adapting to Future Water Scarcity Under Climate Change

2018 ◽  
pp. 319-342
Author(s):  
Chieko Umetsu ◽  
Sevgi Donma ◽  
Takanori Nagano ◽  
Ziya Coşkun
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Water Users Associations

scholarly journals Extending Natural Limits to Address Water Scarcity? The Role of Non-Conventional Water Fluxes in Climate Change Adaptation Capacity: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2473
Author(s):  
Sandra Ricart ◽  
Rubén A. Villar-Navascués ◽  
Maria Hernández-Hernández ◽  
Antonio M. Rico-Amorós ◽  
Jorge Olcina-Cantos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Adaptation Capacity ◽  
Desalinated Water ◽  
Water Users

Water consumption continues to grow globally, and it is estimated that more than 160% of the total global water volume will be needed to satisfy the water requirements in ten years. In this context, non-conventional water resources are being considered to overcome water scarcity and reduce water conflicts between regions and sectors. A bibliometric analysis and literature review of 81 papers published between 2000 and 2020 focused on south-east Spain were conducted. The aim was to examine and re-think the benefits and concerns, and the inter-connections, of using reclaimed and desalinated water for agricultural and urban-tourist uses to address water scarcity and climate change impacts. Results highlight that: (1) water use, cost, quality, management, and perception are the main topics debated by both reclaimed and desalinated water users; (2) water governance schemes could be improved by including local stakeholders and water users in decision-making; and (3) rainwater is not recognized as a complementary option to increase water supply in semi-arid regions. Furthermore, the strengths–weaknesses–opportunities–threats (SWOT) analysis identifies complementary concerns such as acceptability and investment in reclaimed water, regulation (cost recovery principle), and environmental impacts of desalinated water.

Institutions and the Stability of Cooperative Arrangements under Scarcity and Variability

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shlomi Dinar ◽  
Ariel Dinar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
International Agreements ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Issue Linkage ◽  
Side Payments ◽  
Large N ◽  
The Stability

This chapter focuses on the role of institutions in facilitating treaty effectiveness. It discusses the importance of international agreements in promoting and sustaining cooperation. It considers treaty design to further reflect on the type of treaties, and the various mechanisms stipulated in these agreements, that contribute to treaty effectiveness by assuaging conflict in situations of water scarcity and increased variability. The chapter argues that the design of a treaty seems particularly relevant in regions where climate change and water variability could impact the ability of basin states to effectively manage shared water. The chapter demonstrates how various mechanisms such as different water allocation mechanisms, as well as additional stipulations, such as, side-payments, issue-linkage, benefit-sharing, adaptability, and information exchange, affect the performance of the treaty in the context of water scarcity and variability. These mechanisms are examined from an empirical and large-n perspective, assessing how treaties with such mechanisms fare compared to treaties devoid of these mechanisms.

scholarly journals An Overview of Water Markets in Southern Africa: An Option for Water Management in Times of Scarcity

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greenwell Matchaya ◽  
Luxon Nhamo ◽  
Sibusiso Nhlengethwa ◽  
Charles Nhemachena
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Imperfect Competition ◽  
Water Markets ◽  
Water Transfers ◽  
The Impact

Southern Africa faces acute water scarcity challenges due to drought recurrence, degradation of surface water resources, and the increasing demand of water from agriculture, which has to meet the growing food demands of an increasing population. These stressors require innovative solutions that ensure the sustainability of water resources, without which the consequences could be dire for a region exposed to a host of vulnerabilities, including climate change. This review outlines the role of water markets in water management in times of water scarcity, highlighting the drivers of water markets in southern Africa, such as water scarcity, transboundary nature of water resources, and their uneven distribution. The review further discusses the role of water markets in climate change adaptation. Related institutional and legal frameworks as well as water allocation mechanisms are explored, aiming at improving water markets governance. The impact of adaptation to new water regimes in the face of scarcity are assessed by considering characteristics of current markets as related to future opportunities. In a diverse region such as southern Africa with unevenly distributed water resources, advancing the concept of water markets could play an important role in mitigating water scarcity challenges and promoting regional integration through coordinated transboundary water transfers. The emergence of water markets in the region is influenced by the continued depletion of water resources, which is resulting in the adoption of innovative water marketing strategies, such as inter-farm sharing or farm joint venture systems and inter-basin and intra-basin water transfers. As the concept is new in the region, it still has challenges that include general market inefficiencies, high transaction costs, market information asymmetries, imperfect competition, and weak or absent robust institutional frameworks that can facilitate market development.

scholarly journals Water users’ associations: an effective approach for conflicts resolution among water users in Punjab, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad A. Javed ◽  
Muhammad Afzal ◽  
Shazia Sajid ◽  
Amjad Ali ◽  
Muhammad E. Safdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Conflicts Resolution ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Very High ◽  
Water Users Associations

This study aimed at assessing the role of water users’ associations (WUAs) in conflicts resolution among water users. A sample of 100 executive members of WUAs was selected purposefully from twenty randomly selected registered and improved watercourses. The data was collected through a detailed, validated and pre-tested interview schedule and analysed through SPSS. Findings showed that social conflicts (x̄=2.00), repair and maintenances of watercourse (x̄=1.91) and disputes on watercourse design, route and section to be lined (x̄=1.81) were the top most causes of conflicts among the water users. Uprooting of trees (86.0%), payment of farmers’ share (79.0%), quality of materials used (73.0%), section of watercourses to be lined (71.0%), working of farmers’ labor (70.0%) and provision of labour (69.0%) were the important reasons for differences among water users. Satisfaction level of water users regarding contribution of WUAs in conflict resolution (x̄=3.98) was lying between medium to high tending towards high while, effectiveness of WUAs in conflict resolution (x̄=4.17) was lying between high and very high tending towards very high. There exist a stronger association between the role of WUAs as dependent and strategy to resolve the conflicts as independent variables while, the role of WUAs was strongly dependent on their response to the complaints and it was also dependent on determining the causes of these conflicts. Thus, WUAs must be promoted at every level for enhancing their role for conflicts resolution through regular trainings to improve their conflicts resolution abilities on modern lines and must be made more powerful in terms of authority to decide common conflicts at the spot.

scholarly journals Water, international peace, and security

2010 ◽  
Vol 92 (879) ◽  
pp. 647-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Tignino
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
International Peace ◽  
Building Trust ◽  
Peace And Security

AbstractWater scarcity, accelerated by climate change, affects water availability and may threaten peace and security. This role of water, as a contributing factor for triggering wars, sheds light on the significance of the protection of water during armed conflict. Keeping water out of war not only contributes to preserving an indispensable natural resource for life but also serves as a tool for the hostile parties to start negotiations, building trust and peace.

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