New Definition of the Definite Integral of Fuzzy Valued Function Linearly Generated by Structural Elements

Author(s):  
Tian-jun Shu ◽  
Zhi-wen Mo
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 668
Author(s):  
Nataliia DEMIANENKO ◽  
Ilona YASNOLOB ◽  
Oleg GORB ◽  
Oleksii Zoria ◽  
Liudmyla CHIP ◽  
...  

The article is devoted to considering the peculiarities of startup ecosystem formation. Modern theoretical views on the definition of startup ecosystem have been studied. The author’s definition of “startup ecosystem” term has been given. Innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystems aimed at creating innovative products and services by startup companies have been analyzed. The structural elements of startup ecosystem under endogenous and exogenous changes in the business environment have been singled out. The situation of startup development in Ukraine and their further prospects have been analyzed. Emphasis has been placed on the formation of entrepreneurial universities as an important component of the ecosystem. The experience of leading countries in the implementation and formation of startup ecosystem has been studied and adapted.


Author(s):  
Mukhammadolim Mukhammadsidiqov ◽  
◽  
Abrar Turaev ◽  

This article examines the theoretical and methodological aspects of the problem of energy security, which is becoming a topical geopolitical issue today. In particular, the interpretations of the concept of energy security, its transformation into a geopolitical factor and the structural elements of energy security are highlighted. The focus is on modern approaches and trends in energy security, as well as theoretical and methodological issues in the analysis of regional aspects of energy security. At the same time, efforts will be made to reveal the scale of threats to energy security and the destructive factors that make energy security relevant, their impact on interstate relations and political destabilization. The article summarizes the author's definition of the concept of energy security.


2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
M. A. Magomedova ◽  

In the current legislation of the Russian Federation, there is no concept of a land dispute, which causes difficulties in determining the competence of an arbitration court in cases in which the object of the dispute is land. The article analyzes the general legal concept of a dispute and the sectoral concept of a land dispute developed by scientists. The author identified the characteristic features of a land dispute and its structural elements. The work reveals the influence of the structural elements of the land dispute on the type of production in which the dispute will be considered. In addition, the author concludes that the correct definition of the structural elements of the land dispute enables the arbitration court to determine the appropriate persons participating in the case, the subject of proof, the relevance and admissibility of evidence, and ultimately make a lawful and wellgrounded court decision.


1940 ◽  
Vol 44 (356) ◽  
pp. 653-656
Author(s):  
W. R. Osgood

Explicitly or implicitly the yield strength of a material is often used as a measure of incipient structural damage. With the yield strength determined by conventional methods, however, it cannot be said in general for two structural elements geometrically alike but of different materials that similar loads, producing maximum stresses equal to the yield strengths in the two cases, are simply related to the yield strengths. A definition of yield strength is proposed in this paper which often has the advantage that, for geometrically similar structures of different materials, loads producing maximum stresses equal to the yield strength are proportional to the yield strength.


2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-411
Author(s):  
Lena Holzer

ABSTRACT This article explores the definition of ‘sportswoman’ as put forward in the Caster Semenya case (2019) and the Dutee Chand case (2015) before the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS). It analyses the structural and discursive factors that made it possible for the CAS to endorse a definition that reduces sex and gender to a matter concerning testosterone. By relying on the concept of intersectionality and analytical sensibilities from Critical Legal Studies, the article shows that framing the cases as a matter of scientific dispute, instead of as concerning human rights, significantly influenced the CAS decisions. Moreover, structural elements of international sports law, such as the lack of knowledge of human rights among CAS arbitrators and a history of institutionalising gendered and racialised body norms through sporting regulations, further aided the affirmation of the ‘testosterone rules’.


2015 ◽  
Vol 220-221 ◽  
pp. 720-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Okipnyi ◽  
Pavlo Maruschak ◽  
Olegas Prentkovskis

The article studies the effect of PTL modes on structural and mechanical regularities in material deformation at the crack tip using the parameters of fracture mechanics. The obtained results are the basis for a more precise definition of the guaranteed strength of structural elements with crack-like defects.


Author(s):  
Konstantyn Viatkin

The processes of functioning of urban planning systems in modern conditions of society development are subject to new challenges. These challenges are determined by changes in the environment, priorities for social development, problems of urban areas, which determine new models of spatial and territorial distribution of the population. The article is devoted to topical issues of finding ways to increase the attractiveness of areas for the population. Theoretical definition of the basic concept of town-planning systems, their components is given, normative-legal bases of theoretical definition of town-planning system are analyzed. Urbanization processes involve both the development of territories and the creation of additional aspects for research to improve urban systems. Problems of development of urbanized territories are worked out. "Smart" urbanization determines the conditions that in modern society meet the socio-economic, environmental and spatial requirements for a comfortable human life. The town-planning system is defined as a complex concept and its further structuring is carried out by allocating the enlarged blocks of town-planning systems, definition of their structural elements and analysis of the functional role of each structural element according to the defined blocks. The article analyzes the factors influencing the attractiveness of areas for the population in modern conditions of society. The identified factors are classified and grouped in order to form a system for assessing the attractiveness of the territory for the population for further development of measures to improve the comfort of living in this area, grouped into blocks: economic, social, spatial, environmental. Based on the structuring, a model of elements of the urban system and a model of parametric characteristics of the processes of assessing the attractiveness of the urban system were developed. These models are intended to be the basis for further development of a system for assessing the attractiveness of areas to ensure their sustainable development. These models are developed by analyzing urban systems, determining their elements and functional purpose, assessing the impact of each element on the attractiveness of the population. Carrying out the assessment by introducing an integrated criterion will not only determine the potential of the territory for further development, but also ensure the formation of strategic development plans by analyzing their "weaknesses" and making management decisions to deal with such negative factors. The result of this work should increase the attractiveness of the urban planning system for the population. Prospects for further research identify the processes of analysis of the potential of territories and forecasting ways of population movement in accordance with changes in territorial attractiveness.


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Miguel Lema Carrera

     La matemática en todos los tiempos ha tenido como principal fuente de inspiración la visualización, jugando un papel importante en el desarrollo de conceptos, nociones e ideas básicas del cálculo diferencial e integral. El presente trabajo proporciona herramientas y métodos básicos de uso relativamente sencillo, desarrollados en el paquete computacional MATLAB, trabajando temas como la definición geométrica de derivada, la integral definida y cálculo de volúmenes de revolución utilizando el método de discos, que permite obtener resultados muy poderosos en simulaciones dinámicas “animadas” que sirvan de soporte y recurso didáctico facilitador en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del cálculo. Modificando y renovando en una primera instancia la forma tradicional de enseñanza de esta asignatura en los primeros años del ciclo básico universitario en esta institución y porque no del país, además, se espera que este trabajo, permita desterrar el paradigma entorno a la comunidad estudiantil, que ha relacionado al cálculo matemático con una idea pura y completamente algebraizada, estática y memorística. ABSTRACT The mathematics of all time has had as the main source of inspiration the visualization, playing an important role in the development of concepts, notions and basic ideas of the differential and integral calculus. The present work provides tools and basic methods of use relatively simple, developed in the computational package Matlab, working topics such as the geometric definition of derivative, the definite integral and calculation of volumes of revolution using the disk method, which allows to obtain very powerful results in "animated" dynamic simulations that serve as support and facilitating didactic resource in the teaching-learning process of calculus. Modifying and renewing in the first instance the traditional way of teaching this subject in the first years of the basic university cycle in this institution and why not in the country, in addition, it is expected that this work, to banish the paradigm around the student community, that has related to the calculus with a pure and completely algebraic, static and rote idea.


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