The Role of Unconscious Bias in Software Project Failures

2019 ◽  
pp. 91-116
Author(s):  
C. J. B. Macnab ◽  
Sam Doctolero
Keyword(s):  
Software Project ◽  
Unconscious Bias ◽  
Project Failures

scholarly journals The Efficacy of an Antioppression Curriculum for Health Professionals

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Wu ◽  
Lamercie Saint-Hilaire ◽  
Andrew Pineda ◽  
Danielle Hessler ◽  
George W. Saba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Health Care Disparities ◽  
Unconscious Bias ◽  
Survey Response Rate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Skill Building

Background and Objectives: Health professionals increasingly recognize the role that social determinants play in health disparities. However, little focus is placed on how health care professionals themselves contribute to disparities through biased care. We have developed a curriculum based on an antioppression framework which encourages health professionals to evaluate their biases and combat health care disparities through an active process of allyship. Methods: Teaching methods emphasize skill building and include lectures, guided reflections, and facilitated discussions. Pre- and postsurveys were administered to assess participants’ confidence level to recognize unconscious bias and to be an ally to colleagues, patients, and staff. In total, we conducted 20 workshops with a total of 468 participants across multiple disciplines. Results: The survey response rate was 80%. Using a paired t-test, the mean difference in the pre- and postsurveys revealed a statistically significant improvement across all measures. Participants showed the greatest improvements (large effect size d>0.8) in their understanding of the process of allyship, their ability to describe strategies to address, assess, and recognize unconscious bias, and their knowledge of managing situations in which prejudice, power, and privilege are involved. Conclusions: Results show that an antioppression curriculum can enhance health professionals’ confidence in addressing bias in health care through allyship. For those who value social justice and equity, moving from the role of bystander to a place of awareness and solidarity allows for one’s behaviors to mirror these values. Allyship is an accessible tool that all health professionals can use in order to facilitate this process.

scholarly journals The Role of Unconscious Bias in Surgical Safety and Outcomes

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heena P. Santry ◽  
Sherry M. Wren
Keyword(s):  
Unconscious Bias ◽  
Surgical Safety

Making Sense of IS Project Stories

2018 ◽  
pp. 5660-5668
Author(s):  
Darren Dalcher
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Keen Interest ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Failure Investigation ◽  
Project Failures

Stories of failure make a compelling read, however, researchers with a keen interest in information systems failures face a double challenge: Not only is it difficult to obtain intimate details about the circumstances surrounding such failures, but there is also a dearth of information about the type of methods and approaches that can be utilised to collect, describe and disseminate such information. The purpose of this chapter is to highlight some of the available approaches and to clarify and enhance the methodological underpinning available to researchers. The chapter begins by framing IS project failures in context, before highlighting the role of forensic failure investigation and the typical tools employed in gathering information. It encourages a move from case studies to case histories to capture the essence, dynamics and complexities of failure stories. It concludes by introducing a new range of antenarrative approaches that represent future developments in the study of IS failures, enabling a richer interpretation of linked factors that underpin IS failures.

Conclusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 293-296
Author(s):  
Yuri G. Raydugin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
The Political ◽  
Risk Quantification ◽  
System Dynamics Modelling ◽  
Project Failures ◽  
Dynamics Modelling ◽  
High Level

This chapter provides a high-level overview of concepts, models, and results discussed in this book. It is accentuated that risk quantification used in decision-making can be tagged as ‘political mathematics’. The political aspects are defined by various realizations of bias from strategic misrepresentation to the Hiding Hand principle. It is pointed out that the mathematical aspects may succumb to the similar realizations of bias as political ones. Recommendations to balance the political and mathematical aspects are proposed. A role of the non-linear Monte Carlo N-SCRA methodology supported by the project system dynamics modelling is established as a role of the Revealing Hand. It should provide ammunition for decision-making before the project approval, not after in a form of lessons learned as the Hiding Hand does. This is a way to decline the invitation to attend a ‘banquette of consequences’ referring to project failures as ‘unpleasant unsurprises’.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Maternal Morbidity and Obstetric Care

2021 ◽  
pp. 138-143
Author(s):  
Rose L. Molina ◽  
Neel Shah
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Obstetric Care ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Unconscious Bias ◽  
Study Intervention

This article provides a summary of a landmark study describing racial and ethnic disparities in maternal morbidity and obstetric care practices. The article describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, who was studied, how many patients, study design, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The article briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, and discusses implications. The article concludes with a relevant clinical case highlighting unconscious bias and how it affects the care providers deliver to their patients. Racial disparities are rampant in medicine, this article highlights the role of race in maternal outcomes.

A Framework for Communicability of Software Documentation

2009 ◽  
pp. 180-188
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kamthan
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Computer Architectures ◽  
Software Project ◽  
Communication Infrastructure ◽  
Software Documentation ◽  
Current State ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Communication Challenges ◽  
State Of Affairs

The role of communication is central to any software development. The documentation forms the message carrier within the communication infrastructure of a software project. As software development processes shift from predictive to adaptive environments and serve an ever more hardware diverse demographic, new communication challenges arise. For example, an engineer may want to be able to remotely author a document in a shell environment without the need of any special purpose software, port it to different computer architectures, and provide different views of it to users without making modifications to the original. However, the current state of affairs of software documentation is inadequate to respond to such expectations.

A Framework for Communicability of Software Documentation

2011 ◽  
pp. 1574-1579
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kamthan
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Software Project ◽  
Software Documentation ◽  
Current State ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Communication Challenges ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Agile Software

The role of communication is central to any software development. The documentation forms the message carrier within the communication infrastructure of a software project. As software development processes shift from predictive to adaptive environments and serve an ever more hardware diverse demographic, new communication challenges arise. For example, an engineer may want to be able to remotely author a document in a shell environment without the need of any special purpose software, port it to different computer architectures, and provide different views of it to users without making modifications to the original. However, the current state of affairs of software documentation is inadequate to respond to such expectations. In this article, we take the position that the ability of documents to be able to communicate at all levels intrinsically depends upon their representation. The rest of the article proceeds as follows. We first outline the background necessary for later discussion. This is followed by a proposal for a quality-based framework for representing software documentation in descriptive markup and application to agile software documentation. Next, challenges and avenues for future research are outlined. Finally, concluding remarks are given.

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