Effect of Organic Farming on Structural and Functional Diversity of Soil Microbiome: Benefits and Risks

2019 ◽  
pp. 129-146
Author(s):  
Vijay Laxmi Shrivas ◽  
Upma Singh ◽  
L. Weisskopf ◽  
P. Hariprasad ◽  
Shilpi Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbiome

scholarly journals Soil suppressiveness and functional diversity of the soil microflora in organic farming systems

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 2394-2406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joeke Postma ◽  
Mirjam T. Schilder ◽  
Jaap Bloem ◽  
Wiepie K. van Leeuwen-Haagsma
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Soil Microflora ◽  
Soil Suppressiveness ◽  
Organic Farming Systems

Effects of organic farming on plant and butterfly functional diversity in mosaic landscapes

2019 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 106600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Goded ◽  
Johan Ekroos ◽  
Joaquín G. Azcárate ◽  
José A. Guitián ◽  
Henrik G. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Mosaic Landscapes

scholarly journals Changes of Microbial Diversity in Rhizosphere Soils of New Quality Varieties of Winter Wheat Cultivation in Organic Farming

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 4057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Gałązka ◽  
Emilia Grzęda ◽  
Krzysztof Jończyk
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Rhizosphere Soils ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The aim of this paper was to evaluation functional diversity in rhizosphere soils of new quality varieties of winter wheat cultivation in organic farming. Field experiments were carried out in 2017 and 2018. Twelve commercial winter wheat varieties were selected for testing: Arktis, Bellisa, Estivus, Fidelius, Hondia, Jantarka, KWS Ozon, Linus, Markiza, Ostka Strzelecka, Pokusa, and Rokosz. Winter wheat cultivars were chosen for their high yielding potential and good tolerance to fungal diseases. In the plant production conducted in accordance with the principles of organic farming, the selection of the best quality varieties is a key element of agrotechnics. The samples of rhizosphere soils were collected each year in two seasons: spring and summer. The basic parameters of soil biological activities and microbial biodiversity indicators were determined. The high variability of biological activity and functional diversity of rhizosphere soils in the growing season between particular varieties of winter wheat was observed. The rhizosphere soils from varieties such as Bellisa, Arktis, Jantarka, Fidelius, Ostka Strzelecka, Pokusa, Rokosz and KWS Ozon were characterized by high biological activity and functional biodiversity. On the other hand, the soils collected from the varieties Estivus, Fidelius, Jantarkaand Hondia were characterized by medium and low biological activity and biodiversity indices. The highest yield was found in winter wheat varieties such as Bellisa, Fidelius and Jantarka. The results of these analyses allows for a more complete characterization of the yield potential of the tested varieties and their suitability for cultivation in the conditions of organic farming, taking into account the biological activity of soils.

scholarly journals The Status of Soil Microbiome as Affected by the Application of Phosphorus Biofertilizer: Fertilizer Enriched with Beneficial Bacterial Strains

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 8003
Author(s):  
Mateusz Mącik ◽  
Agata Gryta ◽  
Lidia Sas-Paszt ◽  
Magdalena Frąc
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
The Status

Regarding the unfavourable changes in agroecosystems resulting from the excessive application of mineral fertilizers, biopreparations containing live microorganisms are gaining increasing attention. We assumed that the application of phosphorus mineral fertilizer enriched with strains of beneficial microorganisms contribute to favourable changes in enzymatic activity and in the genetic and functional diversity of microbial populations inhabiting degraded soils. Therefore, in field experiments conditions, the effects of phosphorus fertilizer enriched with bacterial strains on the status of soil microbiome in two chemically degraded soil types (Brunic Arenosol—BA and Abruptic Luvisol—AL) were investigated. The field experiments included treatments with an optimal dose of phosphorus fertilizer (without microorganisms—FC), optimal dose of phosphorus fertilizer enriched with microorganisms including Paenibacillus polymyxa strain CHT114AB, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain AF75BB and Bacillus sp. strain CZP4/4 (FA100) and a dose of phosphorus fertilizer reduced by 40% and enriched with the above-mentioned bacteria (FA60). The analyzes performed included: the determination of the activity of the soil enzymes (protease, urease, acid phosphomonoesterase, β-glucosidase), the assessment of the functional diversity of microorganisms with the application of BIOLOGTM plates and the characterization of the genetic diversity of bacteria, archaea and fungi with multiplex terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and next generation sequencing. The obtained results indicated that the application of phosphorus fertilizer enriched with microorganisms improved enzymatic activity, and the genetic and functional diversity of the soil microbial communities, however these effects were dependent on the soil type.

Legal framework for improvement of agroecology by cultivating jerusalem artichoke

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Mykhailo Kosmii ◽  
Vasyl. Kasiianchuk ◽  
Ruslan Zhyrak ◽  
Ivan Krykhovetskyi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Scientific Cognition

The purpose of this paper is to analyze and research the legal mechanisms which make it possible to improve agroecology through the organization of cultivation of Jerusalem artichoke.Methodology. The methodology includes comprehensive analysis and generalization of available scientific, theoretical, practical and applied material and development of relevant conclusions and recommendations. During the research, the following methods of scientific cognition were used: dialectical, terminological, historical and legal, logical and normative, systemic and structural, functional, normative and dogmatic, generalization methods. Results. The process of analysis and research highlighted the possibilities of cultivating Jerusalem artichoke for improving agroecology, namely improving the ecological state of the atmosphere air and soil, preparing them for organic farming. The article contains examples of practical application of tubers of Jerusalem artichoke and herbage for the production of therapeutic and prophylactic products, alternative energy and highly efficient building materials. Scientific novelty. The study found that the authors summarized and systematized the levels of legal regulation in the field of using Jerusalem artichoke for improving agroecology, preparing soil for organic farming, in particular: the inter-sectoral level which covers the interaction of agricultural and environmental law in terms of cultivation and use of Jerusalem artichoke; the level of integrated environmental and legal regulation; level of individual resource (floristic) legal regulation; the level of environmental protection (anthropoprotection) legislation.Practical importance. The results of the study can be used in law-making and environmental protection activities related to issues of cultivating and using the Jerusalem artichoke as a means of improving agroecology.

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