scholarly journals Changes of Microbial Diversity in Rhizosphere Soils of New Quality Varieties of Winter Wheat Cultivation in Organic Farming

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 4057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Gałązka ◽  
Emilia Grzęda ◽  
Krzysztof Jończyk
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Rhizosphere Soils ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The aim of this paper was to evaluation functional diversity in rhizosphere soils of new quality varieties of winter wheat cultivation in organic farming. Field experiments were carried out in 2017 and 2018. Twelve commercial winter wheat varieties were selected for testing: Arktis, Bellisa, Estivus, Fidelius, Hondia, Jantarka, KWS Ozon, Linus, Markiza, Ostka Strzelecka, Pokusa, and Rokosz. Winter wheat cultivars were chosen for their high yielding potential and good tolerance to fungal diseases. In the plant production conducted in accordance with the principles of organic farming, the selection of the best quality varieties is a key element of agrotechnics. The samples of rhizosphere soils were collected each year in two seasons: spring and summer. The basic parameters of soil biological activities and microbial biodiversity indicators were determined. The high variability of biological activity and functional diversity of rhizosphere soils in the growing season between particular varieties of winter wheat was observed. The rhizosphere soils from varieties such as Bellisa, Arktis, Jantarka, Fidelius, Ostka Strzelecka, Pokusa, Rokosz and KWS Ozon were characterized by high biological activity and functional biodiversity. On the other hand, the soils collected from the varieties Estivus, Fidelius, Jantarkaand Hondia were characterized by medium and low biological activity and biodiversity indices. The highest yield was found in winter wheat varieties such as Bellisa, Fidelius and Jantarka. The results of these analyses allows for a more complete characterization of the yield potential of the tested varieties and their suitability for cultivation in the conditions of organic farming, taking into account the biological activity of soils.

scholarly journals Impact of cultivation technologies on yield and grain quality of winter wheat Triticum aestivum L. in Moscow region

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
Nazih Y. Rebouh ◽  
Petr M. Polityko ◽  
Vladimir N. Kapranov ◽  
Viktor N. Fedorischev ◽  
Nina J. Garmasch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Basic Technology ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The current study is aimed at evaluating the reaction of winter wheat varieties according to cultivation technologies at a different level of intensity i.e. basic, intensive and high intensive. The cultivation technologies included fertilizers, pesticides and growth regulators at different combinations and concentrations. The experiment was established in order to determine the optimum conditions of winter wheat cultivation. Three winter wheat varieties were studied: Moskovskaya 40 (V1), Nemchinovskaya 17 (V2) and Nemchinovskaya 85 (V3). Yield performances and grain quality (measured through protein and gluten content) were determined according to the tested cultivation technologies. The results showed that the cultivation technology affected grain wheat productivity and quality on all varieties studied, since the highest yields were obtained using high intensive cultivation technology for all varieties studied, Moskovskaya 40 - 9.65 t/h, Nemchinovskaya 17 - 8.58 t/h and Nemchinovskaya 85 - 9.87 t/h. However, according to the basic technology, the yield was lower by 2064 %. The tested cultivation technologies demonstrated that high intensive cultivation technology increased wheat quality. The highest protein content (18 %) was recorded in Nemchinovskaya 85 variety. The present results give real opportunities for a largescale application of the tested cultivation technologies in different agricultural lands of Russia.

SOWING TIME AND SEEDING RATE OPTIMISATION UNDER ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT OF VIOLA VARIETY WINTER WHEAT CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY

1970 ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
О. V. Lеvakova ◽  
Т. А. Barkovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Percolation Processes ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

One of the defining periods in the life of plants is the sowing of winter crops (autumn) period. Only when a good ensure moisture and at an optimal temperature of air in this period it is possible to obtain timely and quality shoots, forming shoots tillering and percolation processes utilization and hardening plants. Given the importance of the foregoing, this paper presents the results of research in the context of the Institute of agricultural technology and seed-the branch winter wheat varieties of locality Viola at different dates of sowing norm and seeding. It is established that the different timing of sowing plant survival ranged -87.5- 57.9%. Significant differences on wintering plants between crops of different sowing dates have been identified. Seeding rate had no significant effect on plant height, ear length and number of grains in an ear. Indicating a high plasticity of winter wheat varieties Viola. The greatest influence on the grain yield had a weight of 1000 grains (r = 0.78) and number of grains per ear (r = 0.63). Our research has shown that for winter wheat varieties of Viola in the midst of the Ryazan region favourable term of sowing is the period from 5 to 10 September with optimum seeding rate 4.5 million. PCs/HA.

scholarly journals Examination of the Effect of Cropyear on the Yield Potential and Yield Stability of Winter Wheat Varieties

2005 ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
Tamás Ágoston ◽  
Péter Pepó
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Chernozem Soil ◽  
Maturity Group ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Variety Selection ◽  
Late Maturity ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties ◽  
Selection Of

Variety selection is one of the most important, determinative elements of sustainable winter wheat production. Yield potential, and yield stability are the most important elements in the variety selection of winter wheat, but baking quality parameters play an important role, too.Several winter wheat varieties were tested for yield and yield stability on chernozem soil in the Hajdúság (in the eastern part of Hungary), in the 2001-2002-2003-2004 cropyears. The management factors were the same for all cropyears. 15 varieties in early the maturity group, 14 varieties in the middle maturity group and 4 varieties in the late maturity group were tested in the above mentioned cropyears. The climatic conditions were average in 2001, dry in 2002, extremely dry in 2003, and very favourable in 2004.We obtained 5298-6183 kgha-1 yield from early maturity varieties, 5683-6495 kgha-1 from middle, 5694-6031 kgha-1 from late ones in the average of four years. The cropyears had strong influence on the yields, even on chernozem soil, and were characterized by excellent water – and nutrient – husbandry. Averaging of cropyears and genotypes, we obtained 6984 kgha-1 in 2001 (average cropyear), 5452 kgha-1 in 2002 (dry cropyear), 3120 kgha-1 in 2003 (extremely dry cropyear) and 8400 kgha-1 in 2004 (optimum cropyear), respectively. The yield differences between the minimum and maximum yields were 885 kgha-1 in early varieties, 812 kgha-1 in middle and 337 kgha-1 in late maturity varieties, respectively. The varieties characterized by high yield potential and the varieties characterized by good yield stability were different, so in variety selection we have to take both genetic traits into consideration. There were positive, significant correlations among the yields of winter wheat varieties (early, middle, late), the temperature of spring months. (March-April), and the rainfall of spring months (March-April) (R2=0,703**-0,768** and R2=0,681**-0,749**, respectively). We found a high negative correlation between the temperature of early summer months (May-June) and the yields of wheat varieties (R2= -0,856**- -0,918**).According to the results of our experiment, it is very important to harmonize yield potential and yield stability in the variety selection of winter wheat.

scholarly journals Test Results of Winter Wheat Varieties in 2002/2003 in the Hajdusag

2004 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Tamás Ágoston ◽  
Péter Pepó
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Late Group ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

We examined 35 early, 32 mid-season and 12 mid-late winter wheat varieties on calciferous chernozem soil after sunflower green crop in 2003. We set-up the experiment on small-size parcels, with 4 repetitions. In addition to the favourable agrotechnical conditions, with this year’s extreme ecological conditions the varieties resulted in weaker yields (2500-3200 kg/ha). Our findings have proven that there is a significant difference both between the maturity groups and between the yield potential of varieties with different genotypes, inside each group. Early varieties showed lower yield potentials according to the other two groups. The differences between the various variety’s yields was the smallest in the mid late group (893 kg/ha). Under given ecological and agrotechnical conditions, the following varieties showed the relatively best yields and best adaptability:• early maturing varieties (3200-3700 kg/ha): Mv palotás, KG Magor, Mv Mambo, Mv Emese, GK Margit, GK Tündér, GK Csongrád, GK Attila, Mv Amanda, Ukrainka;• mid season varieties (3300-3800 kg/ha): Győző, GK Marcal, Róna, GK Rába, Buzogány, MF Kazal, GK Mura, Hunor, GK Cipó, Mv Magvas, Mv Vilma, GK Zugoly, Jubilejnaja 50;• mid-late varieties (3200-3600 kg/ha): Maximus, Complet, KG Kunhalom, GK Holló.

scholarly journals Developments in breeding winter wheat for bread-baking quality in some north-western European countries.

1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-234
Author(s):  
J. Mesdag
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
German Federal Republic ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Baking Quality ◽  
The Past ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties ◽  
Kernel Yield

The subject is surveyed under the following headings: baking quality in France; development of kernel yield and baking quality during the past 35 years in France; breeding wheat with improved baking quality in Great Britain in the 20th century; improvement of kernel yield and baking quality of winter wheat varieties during the past 30 years in England and Wales; development of wheat quality during the past 100 years in pre-war Germany and the German Federal Republic; the combination of higher yield and better baking quality in winter wheat varieties during the past 50 years in pre-war Germany and the German Federal Republic; and breeding research on baking quality in the Netherlands in the present century. It is shown that, within periods of time, varieties with a high score for baking quality generally tend to have a low grain yield. However, from the data presented, it is concluded that high yield potential and good baking quality can be combined in one variety, although the result may be attained less rapidly than with breeding for yield alone. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

QUALITATIVE STABILITY OF WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES AT DIFFERENT LOCATIONS

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-195
Author(s):  
C. Kondora ◽  
M. Szabó ◽  
A. Máté ◽  
G. Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Baking Quality ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Owing to the significant differences in the adaptability of state-registered varieties, those which can adapt well to the local conditions should be given preference. There are several high-yielding varieties available in Hungary with excellent agronomic properties, good adaptability and satisfactory baking quality. This study was conducted to analyse the adaptability of 34 state-registered winter wheat varieties tested in the small plot trials of the National Institute for Agricultural Quality Control (NIAQC) at 5–9 locations between 1994 and 1997 based on their gluten quantity and farinographic index. For the comparison of the varieties the evaluation method of Eberhart and Russell (1966) was applied as modified by Bedő and Balla (1977). The qualitative stability and adaptability values of the varieties differ from the adaptability and stability values calculated from the grain yields. Some winter wheat varieties have good qualitative adaptability and stability, while others have special adaptability and poor qualitative stability, but the majority of the varieties do not belong to these groups.

Impact of the estimated doses of mineral fertilizers on the infestation mildew, pyrenophora and yield of winter wheat varieties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.Y. Ozheredova ◽  
◽  
A. N. Esaulko ◽  
L.A. Mikhno ◽  
A.P. Shutko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Leached Chernozem ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The article presents materials on the influence of calculated doses of mineral fertilizers on the incidence of powdery mildew, pyrenophorosis and yield of winter wheat varieties cultivated on leached Chernozem for 2016-2018.

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