Cooperation in the Cold—The Arctic Search and Rescue Agreement

2020 ◽  
pp. 273-289
Author(s):  
Daniel Lambach
Keyword(s):  
Search And Rescue ◽  
The Arctic

scholarly journals The Northwest Passage in the Arctic: A Brief Assessment of the Relevant Marine Transportation System and Current Availability of Search and Rescue Services

Logistics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Rebecca Sheehan ◽  
Dimitrios Dalaklis ◽  
Anastasia Christodoulou ◽  
Megan Drewniak ◽  
Peter Raneri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
Maritime Transportation ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Marine Transportation ◽  
Northwest Passage ◽  
Traffic Routing ◽  
Brief Assessment

The analysis in hand provides a brief assessment of the United States’ and Canada’s marine transportation system and relevant search and rescue (SAR) support in relation to the Northwest Passage, with the purpose of examining to what extent these countries’ relevant infrastructure resources are able to meet the expected growth of shipping operations and business activities in the Arctic. Through an extensive literature review, this assessment will specifically describe the most important influences upon the maritime transportation system, with the issue of certain geographical details and the capabilities of existing ports standing out. Additionally, vessel activity trends and vessel traffic routing measure initiatives will be examined. Furthermore, the SAR infrastructure details and means to render assistance to people in distress along the Northwest Passage will be discussed. The reality remains that port characteristics are limited and vessel traffic routing measure initiatives and upgrades to SAR assets are commendable but slow-paced. It is true that both the United States and Canada are taking proper measures to build up infrastructure needs, but they both may run out of time to put adequate infrastructure in place to deal effectively with the changing environment.

scholarly journals Autonomous ships for container shipping in the Arctic routes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziaul Haque Munim ◽  
Rana Saha ◽  
Halvor Schøyen ◽  
Adolf K. Y. Ng ◽  
Theo E. Notteboom
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Container Shipping ◽  
Foreseeable Future ◽  
Arctic Shipping ◽  
Control Centre ◽  
Autonomous Ship ◽  
Best Worst Method

AbstractThis study investigates the competitiveness of various autonomous ship categories for container shipping in the Arctic route. We propose a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework using four ship categories as alternatives and eight criteria for competitiveness evaluation. We analyse collected data using the Best–Worst Method (BWM), one of the recently developed MCDM methods. The findings reveal that operating expenses, navigation aspects, and environmental protection are the three most important criteria for deploying autonomous ships in the Arctic route. Among the three investigated autonomous ships alternatives, the semi-autonomous ship operated from a shore control centre (SCC) is prioritized for Arctic shipping in the foreseeable future, when benchmarked against the conventional ship. The SCC-controlled semi-autonomous ship alternative is competitive in the majority of the considered criteria including operating expenses, capital expenses, navigation, ship-shore and ship–ship communication, search and rescue, and environmental protection.

Russian Arctic military power will grow

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Russian Military

Significance The past year has seen the Russian military expand its exercises and other activities in the region. As well as creating a new joint command for the Arctic, the Kremlin is increasing the capacity of its military and paramilitary forces to operate there, including on search-and-rescue missions. This ramp-up reflects the broader modernisation of the entire armed forces, which Putin reiterated yesterday remained a key priority. Impacts Other countries engage in military activities in the region, but only Russia has taken major steps to militarise its Arctic frontier. Russian leaders profess peaceful motives but warn that Moscow will defend its Arctic interests with force if necessary. Russia will commission a fleet of highly versatile vessels that can serve as tugs, icebreakers or patrol ships.

Long-Range Rescue Helicopter Missions in the Arctic

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Haagensen ◽  
Karl-Åke Sjøborg ◽  
Anders Rossing ◽  
Henry Ingilæ ◽  
Lars Markengbakken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Industrial Accidents ◽  
Rescue Helicopter ◽  
The Barents Sea ◽  
Closed Fractures ◽  
The Right

AbstractBackground:Search and rescue helicopters from the Royal Norwegian Air Force conduct ambulance and search and rescue missions in the Barents Sea. The team on-board includes an anesthesiologist and a paramedic. Operations in this area are challenging due to long distances, severe weather conditions, and arctic winter darkness.Methods:One-hundred, forty-seven ambulance and 29 search and rescue missions in the Barents Sea during 1994–1999 were studied retrospectively with special emphasis on operative conditions and medical results.Results and Discussion:Thirty-five percent of the missions were carried out in darkness. The median time from the alarm to first patient contact was 3.3 hours and the median duration of the missions was 7.3 hours. Forty-eight percent of the missions involved ships of foreign origin. Half the patients had acute illnesses, dominated by gastrointestinal and heart diseases. Most of the injuries resulted from industrial accidents with open and closed fractures, amputations, and soft tissue damage. Ninety percent of the patients were hospitalized; 7.5% probably would not have survived without early medical treatment and rapid transportation to a hospital.Conclusion:Using a heavy search and rescue helicopter in the Barents Sea was the right decision in terms of medical gain and operative risk.

scholarly journals Increasing the probability of recognizing a target using a two-dimensional image from the sensor of the visible range of the onboard complex of information support for search and rescue operations in the Arctic

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
A. S. Zhdanov ◽  
S. A. Matveev ◽  
Yu. V. Petrov ◽  
S. A. Rudyka ◽  
S. Yu. Strakhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Target Recognition ◽  
Recognition Performance ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
Information Support ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Visible Range ◽  
Image Brightness ◽  
Television Camera ◽  
Constant Color

The article addresses the task of improving target recognition in onboard information support system for search and rescue operations in the Arctic region. One of the tasks performed by the complex is recognition of objects in twodimensional camera images, which suffer from the loss of the image brightness, being formed by constant brightness principle, with its direct impact on the probability of target recognition. To preserve the brightness of the image, the authors propose to process the primary signals of the camera according to the principle of constant color brightness. The proposed processing can increase the probability of correct target recognition. The paper analyzes the principles of encoding the primary signals of the television camera. For the object recognition problem, the cascades were trained based on the cascade classifier using the principles of constant brightness and constant color brightness. The output of the trained cascades has confirmed that the processing of the primary signals of a television camera based on the principle of constant brightness improves target recognition and therefore will increase the object recognition performance of the complex under development.

Search and Rescue Capabilities in the Arctic

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-60
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Dalaklis ◽  
Megan Drewniak
Keyword(s):  
Search And Rescue ◽  
The Arctic

The Arctic Council and the Search and Rescue Agreement: the case of Norway

Polar Record ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svein Vigeland Rottem
Keyword(s):  
Search And Rescue ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Council ◽  
Member States ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Binding Agreement

ABSTRACTOn 12 May 2011 at the seventh ministerial meeting, the member states of the Arctic Council (AC) signed the Arctic SAR agreement, the first legally binding agreement negotiated under the auspices of the AC. Its objective is to strengthen search and rescue cooperation and coordination in the Arctic. The purpose of this article is to explore why an agreement on search and rescue under the auspices of the AC has been negotiated; what its key features are; and lastly, how it is and will be implemented. It is argued that the SAR agreement is more important for the AC than for Norway. It has had limited practical consequences in that country. The agreement may be politically and symbolically significant but it has neither financially nor organisationally changed Norwegian search and rescue policy.

Development of a search and rescue framework for maritime freight shipping in the Arctic

2021 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 54-69
Author(s):  
Lukas Benz ◽  
Christopher Münch ◽  
Evi Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Search And Rescue ◽  
The Arctic

scholarly journals Current and Prospective Roles of the Arctic Council System within the Context of the Law of the Sea

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.J. Molenaar
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Institutional Structure ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
Arctic Council ◽  
The Law ◽  
Maritime Search And Rescue

Abstract This article examines the current and prospective roles of the Arctic Council System (ACS) within the context of the (international) law of the sea. Its first part focuses on the role of regional cooperation under the law of sea, with special attention to the way in which the pacta tertiis principle has shaped some regional regimes. The second part examines current features of the Arctic Council, including its mandate and main approaches, participation and institutional structure. The new concept of the ACS is offered to clarify the connection between the Arctic Council and the 2011 Agreement on Cooperation in Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue in the Arctic and future legally binding instruments negotiated under the Council’s auspices, but not adopted by it. The article concludes with a synthesis of the current and prospective roles of the ACS under the law of the sea.

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