Role of Inflammation in Microvascular Damage

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
Carmine Savoia
Keyword(s):  
Microvascular Damage

scholarly journals Electrocardiographic markers for the prediction of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with systemic sclerosis

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 478-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Sebestyén ◽  
Gabriella Szűcs ◽  
Dénes Páll ◽  
Dóra Ujvárosy ◽  
Tamás Ötvös ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Cardiac Involvement ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Exact Role ◽  
Microvascular Damage ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Major Organ ◽  
Electrocardiographic Markers ◽  
Cardiac Manifestation

Abstract SSc is an autoimmune disease characterized by microvascular damage, endothelial dysfunction and fibrosis of the skin and the internal organs. Cardiac manifestation in patients with SSc is one of the major organ involvements. Approximately 20% of SSc patients suffer from primary cardiovascular disease and another 20% may have secondary cardiac involvement. Although cardiac arrhythmias are mostly linked to myocardial fibrosis, atrioventricular conduction abnormalities are secondary to the fibrosis of the pulse conduction system. Despite the severe consequences of ventricular rhythm disturbances in patients with SSc, the exact role of electrocardiographic markers in the prediction of these arrhythmias has not yet been clearly elucidated. Therefore, the question is whether certain ECG parameters reflecting ventricular repolarization may help to recognize scleroderma patients with increased risk for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.

scholarly journals Microvascular damage evaluation in systemic sclerosis: the role of nailfold videocapillaroscopy and laser techniques

Reumatismo ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ruaro ◽  
A. Sulli ◽  
V. Smith ◽  
C. Pizzorni ◽  
S. Paolino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Damage Evaluation ◽  
Nailfold Videocapillaroscopy ◽  
Microvascular Damage ◽  
Laser Technologies

Microvascular damage and a decrease in peripheral blood perfusion are typical features of systemic sclerosis (SSc) with serious clinical implications, not only for a very early diagnosis, but also for disease progression. Nailfold videocapillaroscopy is a validated and safe imaging technique able to detect peripheral capillary morphology, as well as to classify and to score any nailfold abnormalities into different microangiopathy patterns. Capillaroscopic analysis is now included in the ACR/EULAR classification criteria for SSc. The decrease in peripheral blood perfusion is usually associated with microvascular damage in SSc, which may be studied by different methods. Several of these make use of safe laser technologies. This paper focuses on these new clinical aspects to assess SSc microvascular impairment.

scholarly journals Eicosanoids and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mong-Heng Wang ◽  
George Hsiao ◽  
Mohamed Al-Shabrawey
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Microvascular Dysfunction ◽  
Microvascular Damage ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Ras Activation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Oxidative stress is an important factor to cause the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) because the retina has high vascularization and long-time light exposition. Cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), and cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes can convert arachidonic acid (AA) into eicosanoids, which are important lipid mediators to regulate DR development. COX-derived metabolites appear to be significant factors causative to oxidative stress and retinal microvascular dysfunction. Several elegant studies have unraveled the importance of LOX-derived eicosanoids, including LTs and HETEs, to oxidative stress and retinal microvascular dysfunction. The role of CYP eicosanoids in DR is yet to be explored. There is clear evidence that CYP-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) have detrimental effects on the retina. Our recent study showed that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activation augments retinal soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), a crucial enzyme degrading EETs. Our findings suggest that EETs blockade can enhance the ability of RAS blockade to prevent or mitigate microvascular damage in DR. This review will focus on the critical information related the function of these eicosanoids in the retina, the interaction between eicosanoids and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the involvement of eicosanoids in DR. We also identify potential targets for the treatment of DR.

scholarly journals Role of Serum Fibrinogen Levels in Patients with Rotator Cuff Tears

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umile Giuseppe Longo ◽  
Stefano Petrillo ◽  
Alessandra Berton ◽  
Filippo Spiezia ◽  
Mattia Loppini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Vascular Supply ◽  
Rotator Cuff Tears ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Microvascular Damage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Arthroscopic Meniscectomy

Although rotator cuff (RC) tendinopathy is a frequent pathology of the shoulder, the real understanding of its aetiopathogenesis is still unclear. Several studies showed that RC tendinopathy is more frequent in patients with hyperglycemia, diabetes, obesity, or metabolic syndrome. This paper aims to evaluate the serum concentration of fibrinogen in patients with RC tears. Metabolic disorders have been related to high concentration of serum fibrinogen and the activity of fibrinogen has been proven to be crucial in the development of microvascular damage. Thus, it may produce progression of RC degeneration by reducing the vascular supply of tendons. We report the results of a cross-sectional frequency-matched case-control study comparing the serum concentration of fibrinogen of patients with RC tears with that of a control group of patients without history of RC tears who underwent arthroscopic meniscectomy. We choose to enrol in the control group patients with pathology of the lower limb with a likely mechanic, not metabolic, cause, different from tendon pathology. We found no statistically significant differences in serum concentration of fibrinogen when comparing patients with RC tears and patients who underwent arthroscopic meniscectomy (P= 0.5). Further studies are necessary to clarify the role of fibrinogen in RC disease.

scholarly journals AB0574 BENEFITS OF ILOPROST IN LONG – TERM STABILIZATION OR IMPROVEMENT IN NEOANGIOGENESIS IN SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS: A 15 YEARS OBSERVATION COHORT

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1584.2-1584
Author(s):  
P. Faggioli ◽  
L. Castelnovo ◽  
A. Tamburello ◽  
A. Laria ◽  
A. M. Lurati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Continuous Treatment ◽  
Digital Ulcers ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Raynaud Phenomenon ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Microvascular Damage ◽  
Skin Ulcers

Background:In Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) fibrosis is due to microcirculation damage with capillary necrosis, arteriolar intimal proliferation and local ischemia. loprost (ILO) is used IV for the treatment of severe Raynaud phenomenon (RP) and digital ulcers (DU) in (SSc). We have already described (1) an improvement of peripheral vascularization with ILO, observed after 3 years treatment by capillaroscopy with an increase in the capillary number and mild regression of avascular areas and pericapillar oedemaObjectives:Our aim was to observe capillaroscopic changes in a cohort of 26 patients treated with ILO, once a month (25 – 50 ng each infusion) for an average time of 15 yearsMethods:We evaluated the initial and 2019 capillaroscopic picture of 26 SSc patients (24 W,2 M; median age 63.8Y) in continuous treatment with monthly infusion of ILO from 2004 to today. 6/26 were SCL70 positive;the remainder was positive for anticentromere AbResults:We documented stability of capillaroscopic picture in 62% of patients,an improvement in 19% and a worsening (mainly from early to active pattern) in 19%. Low adherence to therapy was observed among the worsened patients. Out of 8 patients with onset ulcers, only 3 patients still have skin ulcers, all with late stable capillaroscopic picture from onset.We have not documented serious adverse eventsConclusion:Our observations confirm the efficacy and safety of ILO in the treatment of SSc even after many years of treatment, resulting in a stabilization of microvascular damage, independent of disease severity.References:[1]Possible role of iloprost (stable analog of PG12) in promoting neoangiogenesis in systemic sclerosis. Faggioli P, Giani L, Mazzone A. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2006 Mar-Apr;24(2):220-1. No abstract availableDisclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Ocular microvascular damage in autoimmune rheumatic diseases: The pathophysiological role of the immune system

2021 ◽  
pp. 102796
Author(s):  
Elvis Hysa ◽  
Carlo Alberto Cutolo ◽  
Emanuele Gotelli ◽  
Sabrina Paolino ◽  
Marco Amedeo Cimmino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Microvascular Damage ◽  
Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Pathophysiological Role
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