scholarly journals Recent Evolutions of Gender, State Feminism and Care Models in Latin America and Europe

2020 ◽  
pp. 361-385
Author(s):  
Julie Jarty ◽  
Karina Batthyány
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
South America ◽  
Southern Cone ◽  
First Century ◽  
South American ◽  
Unpaid Care ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Status ◽  
Care Models ◽  
European Side

AbstractThis chapter presents and characterises the way in which, in the twenty-first century, after years of feminist struggles inside and outside of institutions, gender relations are organised in the different countries of the INCASI project (on the European side, Spain, Italy, Finland, France and the United Kingdom, on the side of the South American Southern Cone, Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Uruguay). It pays special attention to the implementation of feminist issues on political agendas, and in particular the assignment of women to unpaid care work—an aspect of the power continuum that we look to relate to other aspects. Gradually and for almost a century all countries in both continents have granted women the status of subjects, citizens and employees. However, the conditions, challenges and timelines of this process differ considerably from one continent to another, so they need to be addressed separately. The neoliberal era did not have the same impact in Europe as it did in South America (nor was it exactly the same between particular European countries or among South American ones).

Reflections on Contemporary South American Democracies

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUILLERMO O'DONNELL
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
South America ◽  
National Level ◽  
South American ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Opinion Expression ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Indefinite Future

The occasion of honouring the memory of John Brooks, a great friend of Latin America, has helped me vanquish my initial reluctance to tackle a topic that is as broad, varied and still open-ended as the present situation of democracy in South America. As a first measure of my limitations, with the exception of some references to Costa Rica and Mexico, I will not discuss Central America and the Caribbean, not because I feel these regions are unimportant but because, simply, I do not know enough about them. However, when I feel that I am on sufficiently solid ground so as to refer to Latin America as a whole, I will do so.I begin by noting that in contemporary South America some countries satisfy the definition of political democracy. Those countries share two main characteristics. One is that they hold elections under universal adult franchise that, at least at the national level, are reasonably fair and competitive. These are standard criteria in the political science literature. However, having in mind the experience of Latin America and elsewhere in the third world, I believe that we should add that such elections must be institutionalised. By this I mean that all relevant actors expect that elections of this kind will continue being held in the indefinite future so, whether they like or not, it is rational for them to play democracy, not coup-making or insurrection. We should also stipulate that these elections are decisive, in the sense that those who are elected do occupy the respective offices and end their terms in the constitutionally prescribed way; they are not, as it has happened too often in Latin America, prevented from occupying office or thrown out of it because some supra-constitutional power feels that they are the ‘wrong people’.The second characteristic is the enjoyment of certain political rights, especially of opinion, expression, association, movement and access to a reasonably free and pluralist media. Of course, these and other rights are important per se; in addition, they are instrumental – necessary conditions – for the effectuation of the kind of elections I have just specified.

Brazil’s Role in Latin America’s Regionalism

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-48
Author(s):  
Javier A. Vadell ◽  
Clarisa Giaccaglia
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Political Development ◽  
First Century ◽  
South American ◽  
Regional Policies ◽  
The Future ◽  
Twenty First Century

Abstract At the beginning of the twenty-first century, Brazil became a crucial player as the principal advocate of South American integration. To Mercado Común del Sur (Mercosur) was added the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR), reaffirming regional policies around the idea of “South America.” Today, however, the withdrawal of Brazilian leadership along with the reversals and loss of focus in UNASUR and Mercosur have damaged the credibility of the region’s initiatives, as well as finding South America’s common voice. Despite this, this article argues that Brazil has not entirely disengaged from the region or abandoned the principle of regionalism. Recognition of Latin America’s distinctive history the authors to construct a model that incorporates complexity and disorder in which Brazil’s institutional political development will have significant repercussions for the future of the region.

The Grimmness of Contemporary Fairy Tales: Exploring the Legacy of the Brothers Grimm in the Twenty-First Century

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Zipes
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
South America ◽  
Fairy Tales ◽  
First Century ◽  
Brothers Grimm ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

This chapter explores some of the more salient contemporary Grimm variants, primarily in the fields of literature and poetry that have appeared in North and South America, the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Australia during the twenty-first century. The chapter endeavors to choose and discuss works that represent, in the author's opinion, significant artistic contributions to our understanding of the Grimms' folk and fairy tales and are furthermore innovations that seek to alter our viewpoints on how these tales relate to current sociopolitical conditions. Alongside a discussion of these contemporary fairy tales, the chapter also touches upon its use of the terms “Grimmness” and “Grimm.”

Hybrid Security Governance in South America: An Empirical Assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (04) ◽  
pp. 72-94
Author(s):  
Rafael Duarte Villa ◽  
Fabrício H. Chagas-Bastos ◽  
Camila de Macedo Braga
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Southern Cone ◽  
South American ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Interstate Relations ◽  
Security Community ◽  
Security Governance ◽  
Peace And Conflict ◽  
Foreign And Security Policy

ABSTRACTContending rationales of peace and conflict coexist between countries and within regional spaces as conditions that motivate or constrain militarized behaviors. While the idea of balancing is still a relevant concept to understand contemporary security in South America, the region produces patterns of a nascent security community. This article argues that the regional repertoire of foreign and security policy practices draws on a hybrid security governance mechanism. The novelty brought by the cumulative interaction among South American countries is that the coexistence turns into a hybrid between both practices and discourses. To explain how hybrid formations are produced, this study analyzes the most empirically intense and academically controversial political and security interactions from interstate relations in the two security complexes in the region, the Southern Cone and the Northern Andes.

Of Signatures and Status: Andrés Sánchez Gallque and Contemporary Painters in Early Colonial Quito

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-644
Author(s):  
Susan V. Webster
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
First Century ◽  
Modern Literature ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
South American ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
Twenty First Century

The 1599 portrait Don Francisco de Arobe and His Sons, Pedro and Domingo by Andean artist Andres Sanchez Gallque (Figure 1) is one of the most frequently cited and reproduced paintings in the modern literature on colonial South America. The painting has been extensively praised, parsed, and interpreted by twentieth- and twenty-first-century authors, and heralded as the first signed South American portrait. “Remarkable” is the adjective most frequently employed to describe this work: modern authors express surprise and delight not only with the persuasive illusionistic power of the painting, the mesmerizing appearance of its subjects, and the artist's impressive mastery of the genre, but with the fact that the artist chose to sign and date his work, including a specific reference to his Andean identity.

scholarly journals The genus Aongstroemia in Latin America (Dicranaceae, Bryophyta) with special reference to Aongstroemia gayana

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 405 (6) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
GUILLERMO MARTÍN SUÁREZ ◽  
JUAN LARRAÍN
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
South America ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Southern Cone

The genus Aongstroemia is here reported as new for Argentina and Uruguay, based on collections of A. gayana, formerly considered a Chile endemic. The species is described and illustrated, and its distribution depicted in a map. We also report A. filiformis as new for the southern cone of South America, based on a single collection from Contulmo, Chile. We provide a key for the identification of the species of Aongstroemia of Latin America.

scholarly journals The post-neoliberal South American development

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-39
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
South America ◽  
Process Tracing ◽  
Washington Consensus ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
Historical Process

This study addressed the triangular relations between Latin America, Beijing and Washington in the last 15 years using a process tracing technique on the economic and political models of the region. It specifically focused on the South American development during the post-Washington Consensus era, as well as the expanding influence of China over this region. The aim of this paper was to transmit the idea that the failure of neoliberalism in the 90s together with the expansionism of China have shaped the contemporary political and economic arena among the countries of South America. This work could help to understand the historical process of the construction of develop paradigms on the region and its impact on the society.

scholarly journals Editorial

Collectivus ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Adriano Díez Jiménez ◽  
Adriana Consuegra Ascanio
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Southern Cone ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Panoramic Vision ◽  
The Social ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Different Parts

Este nuevo número de la revista Collectivus, presenta una gran diversidad en los temas abordados en cada uno de los artículos trabajados por autores desde distintas partes del Cono Sur, de modo que, el volumen 4, número 2 ofrece una visión panorámica en la comprensión de los contextos y fenómenos sociales que confluyen en el escenario sudamericano, acompañada de un ejercicio reflexivo profundo y pertinente acerca de la realidad social en América Latina. AbstractThis new issue of the magazine Collectivus, presents a great diversity in the topics addressed in each of the articles worked by authors from different parts of the Southern Cone, so that, volume 4, number 2 offers a panoramic vision in the understanding of the contexts and social phenomena that converge in the South American scenario, accompanied by a deep and pertinent reflective exercise about the social reality in Latin America. 

A Review of the Eriococcid Genera (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea) of South America

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2459 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRIS HODGSON ◽  
DUG MILLER
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
South American ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
First Instar ◽  
The Status ◽  
Original Illustrations

This paper reviews the present status of all genera of Eriococcidae (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea) known from South America and provides generic diagnoses based on the adult females of all available species for each genus. Redescriptions and illustrations are provided for the adult females of Aculeococcus morrisoni Lepage, Apiococcus gregarius Hempel, Capulinia sallei Signoret, Carpochloroides viridis Cockerell, Macracanthopyga verganiana Lizer y Trelles, Pseudocapulinia lanosa Hempel and Tectococcus ovatus Hempel, which are all type species of their respective genera. In addition, modified reproductions of original illustrations are provided for the adult females of the following species as representatives or type species of South American genera: Acanthococcus aceris Signoret, Chilechiton lynnae Hodgson & Miller, Chilecoccus browni Miller & González, Coxicoccus foldi Kozár & Konczné Benedicty, Eriobalachowskya valenzualae (Balachowsky), Exallococcus laureliae Miller & González, Hempelicoccus paranaensis (Foldi & Kozár), Icelococcus nothofagi Miller & González, Intecticoccus viridis Kondo, Melzeria horni Green, Orafortis luma Hardy, Oregmopyga neglecta (Cockerell), Poliloculus stipae González, Pseudotectococcus anonae Hempel and Stibococcus cerinus Miller & González. Descriptions and illustrations are also provided of the first-instar nymphs of: Acanthococcus aceris Signoret, Aculeococcus morrisoni, Apiococcus gregarius, A. singularis Hempel (which appears to be sexually dimorphic), Capulinia sallei, Carpochloroides viridis, Chilechiton lynnae, Exallococcus laureliae, Hempelicoccus tucumanensis (González & Granara de Willink), Icelococcus lithrae Miller & González, Melzeria horni, Oregmopyga peruviana Granara de Willink & Diaz, Pseudocapulinia lanosa, Pseudotectococcus anonae and Tectococcus ovatus. In addition, illustrated descriptions of the adult males of Capulinia sallei, Carpochloroides viridis, and Tectococcus ovatus are included. The first-instar nymphs and adult males of the other genera, where they are known, are also diagnosed and discussed. Based on the molecular studies of Cook & Gullan (2004), most species currently included in Eriococcus Targioni Tozzetti known from South America are considered to belong to the genus Acanthococcus Signoret, resulting in the following new combinations: A. clapsae (González) n. comb., A. cuneifoliae (González) n. comb., A. divaricatae (González) n. comb., A. pituilensis (González) n. comb. and A. lahillei (Leonardi) n. comb. In additon, Eriococcus pumuliae González, E. santiaguensis González & Granara de Willink and E. tucumanensis González & Granara de Willink are transferred to Hempelicoccus, as H. pumuliae (González) n. comb., H. santiaguensis (González & Granara de Willink) n. comb. and H. tucumanensis n. comb. (González & Granara de Willink). The status of Opisthoscelis prosopidis Kieffer & Jorgensen, the only species from the Neotropics currently included in Opisthoscelis Schrader, is discussed, and it is concluded that this species is unlikely to belong to this genus but is currently unrecognizable. Keys are provided for the identification of the 24 genera now known from South America based on the morphology of: (i) the adult females; (ii) the first-instar nymphs; and (iii) adult males, as far as these are known. In addition, Appendix 1 lists all Eriococcidae known from South America with their current generic placement, along with a brief summary of their host plants.

A few ruminations about the status of the church in Latin America

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
J. Daniel Salinas
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
First Century ◽  
Indigenous Leadership ◽  
Evangelical Churches ◽  
Recent Growth ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Status ◽  
Historical Developments ◽  
The Church

Evangelicals have been present in Latin America for more than a century. The article describes some historical developments as well as current challenges and opportunities evangelicals are facing in Latin America. The article explores some inherited traits of Latin American evangelical churches and the received theology. The narrative includes details about the process toward a more indigenous leadership of the churches, and explanations for the more recent growth. Latin American evangelicals have to decide how to live out the Gospel in the twenty-first century in ways that will increase not only their numbers but also their relevance.

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