What hides the German reference book of the Tsarist-era?

Дореволюционных изданий Хютте (Hütte) – немецкого справочника для инженеров, архитекторов, механиков и студентов, с профессиональным переводом на русский язык, сохранилось крайне мало. Один из раритетов находится в архиве компании Profactor Armaturen GmbH (Профактор Арматурен ГмбХ) и является ее интеллектуальной собственностью. Трехтомный справочник Хютте, выпущенный в Российской империи в 1916–1917 годах, позволяет аналитикам и инженерам предприятия находить и знакомиться с интересными научно-техническими достижениями начала ХХ века. Избранные сведения из справочника адаптируются для подготовки и выпуска серии обзорных исторических материалов с оригинальными иллюстрациями. Нижеприведенный обзор из этой серии адресован специалистам, которые интересуются историей и развитием системы отопления, газо-, паро- и водопроводной арматуры. There are very few pre-revolutionary editions of Hütte, a German reference book for engineers, architects, mechanical engineers and students, with a professional translation into Russian. One of the rarities is in the archives of Profactor Armaturen GmbH as its intellectual property. Hütte three-volume reference book, published in the Russian Empire in 1916–1917, allows analysts and engineers of the enterprise to find and get acquainted with interesting scientific and technical achievements of the early twentieth century. Selected information from the reference book is adapted for the preparation and publication of a series of review historical materials with original illustrations. The following overview from this series is addressed to specialists who are interested in the history and development of the heating system, gas, steam and water fittings.

A new record of the rare fungus Hericium erinaceus (Russulales) in Ukraine

A new locality of the rare fungus Hericium erinaceus, the species to be included in the Red Data Book of Ukraine, is reported. The fungus was found in Odesa city, for the first time in the steppe zone of Ukraine. This species is an edible and biotechnologically valuable fungus. A description of the new locality and macro- and micromorphological characters of the found fruit bodies are provided. The information about its distribution in Ukraine and worldwide, as well as the original illustrations, are presented.

The visual aspect in the transfer – translation of the cultural code

This article presents the adaptation of the visual elements and how the illustrations have been adapted to fit new cultural and social context. The Swedish original of Astrid Lindgren’s book and the Polish translation will serve as the research material. In the current analysis of the graphic aspect of Astrid Lindgren’s books published in Poland, Edwin Panofsky’s iconological approach to the image is combined with Roland Barthes’ semiotic approach. The application of these two methods enables an explanation to be formulated as to why the visual representation of certain elements of the Swedish cultural code disappeared in translation. The represented world in the original differs from the represented world in the translation, especially in the recreation of the Swedish village. In the Polish illustrations, the Swedish village setting has been placed higher up the social ladder than in the original illustrations, thereby avoiding a direct portrayal of village life, traditionally regarded as inferior in Polish culture. Polonization also happens in the purifying strategies adopted by the illustrators. Because of the reduction of illustrations representing children and adults engaged in agricultural work, as well as children in direct contact with nature or animals, the book’s character has considerably altered through its adjustment to the Polish cultural code, mainly in the protagonists’ outward appearance as inhabitants of the town. In the Polish illustrations, a folklorization also appears, through the introduction of folkoric elements from the region of southern Poland symbolizing the superior status of this culture over the peasant culture of other regions. In addition, the illustrations that accompany the translations are anachronistic in relation to the time setting of the plot as related in the text.

Nomenclatural notes on species of Cleistes (Orchidaceae: Vanilloideae) described by João Barbosa Rodrigues

During our taxonomic study of Cleistes, we noticed that some species names published (under the genus name Pogonia) by the Brazilian botanist João Barbosa Rodrigues needed revision. In our search for type specimens, we found the holotypes of Pogonia aphylla and P. paranaensis in the herbarium of the Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro (R), and the holotype of P. monantha at the herbarium of the Swedish Museum of Natural History (S). The remaining type specimens housed at RB herbarium have been lost. Consequently, the designation of lectotypes for those species names is needed. Therefore, the original illustrations are here designated as lectotypes of eleven species names. Furthermore, we also propose 14 synonyms for South American Cleistes.

New chrysophycean stomatocysts (Chrysophyceae) for Russia from the Omsk Priirtyshye waterbodies

Eight new morphotypes of chrysophycean stomatocysts for Russia were recorded from the plankton of the Omsk Priirtyshye waterbodies. Their descriptions based on the electron microscopical observations as well as original illustrations are given. The differences of the observed specimens from the type ones are discussed. It was shown that presence/absence of lacunae and their diameter are rather variable features.

Synopsis of Dendrophthora and Phoradendron (Santalaceae) in Brazil

Dendrophthora and Phoradendron are neotropical genera of mistletoes belonging to the tribe Phoradendreae. The phylogenetic relationships between these two genera are still not entirely understood and, morphologically, Dendrophthora differs from Phoradendron solely by the presence of one, anther locule, as opposed to two in the latter. This study provides a synopsis of species of both genera for Brazil, where we revised all the names with Brazilian types or cited for the country. A total of 173 names were evaluated and the presence of 44 taxa in Brazil was confirmed: three species of Dendrophthora and 41 of Phoradendron. An identification key for the confirmed taxa is proposed and taxonomic comments are elaborated, along with an iconography, geographic distribution of the taxa, and original illustrations and photos of some species. Six new synonyms are proposed in Dendrophthora, and 12 in Phoradendron; 27 names are lectotypified.

Synoptic revision of the fern genus Elaphoglossum Schott ex J.Sm. (Dryopteridaceae) in Madagascar, with the description of 23 new taxa, all but one endemic

After 15 years of field studies in Madagascar, especially focused on the overlooked fern genus Elaphoglossum (Dryopteridaceae), a synoptic revision of the genus is here presented. Based on more than 2,600 herbarium specimens including collections over 200 years, Elaphoglossum is the second most diversified fern genus in Madagascar, with 52 species and three subspecies (with 76% of endemism). It is to be compared to the 34 species treated by Tardieu-Blot in 1960 for the “Flore de Madagascar et des Comores” or the 38 species listed by Roux in 2009 in the seminal “Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands”. The 55 taxa represent five out of seven existing generic sections (sect. Amygdalifolia and sect. Wrightiana being monotypic and Neotropical): sect. Lepidoglossa (29 spp. and three subspp.), sect. Elaphoglossum (17 spp.), sect. Setosa (3 spp.), sect. Squamipedia (2 spp.), and sect. Polytrichia (1 sp.). Distribution is given for each species and subspecies, and detailed for each island or archipelago in the Western Indian Ocean (La Réunion, Mauritius, Seychelles, and Comoros). Twenty species and three subspecies are newly described, all but one endemic to Madagascar: Elaphoglossum ambrense Rouhan, Elaphoglossum andohahelense Rouhan, Elaphoglossum anjanaharibense Rouhan, Elaphoglossum approximatum Rouhan, Elaphoglossum brachymischum Rouhan, Elaphoglossum cerussatum Tardieu subsp. brunneum Rouhan, Elaphoglossum coracinolepis Rouhan, Elaphoglossum desireanum Rouhan, Elaphoglossum glabricaule Rouhan, Elaphoglossum gladiifolium Rouhan, Elaphoglossum leucolepis (Baker) Krajina ex Tardieu subsp. nanolepis Rouhan, Elaphoglossum leucolepis (Baker) Krajina ex Tardieu subsp. nigricans Rouhan, Elaphoglossum longiacuminatum Rouhan, Elaphoglossum patriceanum Rouhan, Elaphoglossum perangustum Rouhan, Elaphoglossum prominentinervulum Rouhan, Elaphoglossum rakotondrainibeae Rouhan, Elaphoglossum repandum Rouhan, Elaphoglossum sabineanum Rouhan, Elaphoglossum sinensiumbrarum Rouhan, Elaphoglossum subglabricaule Rouhan, Elaphoglossum tsaratananense Rouhan, and Elaphoglossum viridicaule Rouhan. Morphological description, distribution map, and original illustrations are provided for each new taxon. Novel identification keys to the sections and all species from Madagascar are also presented.

THE STATUS OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN CROATIAN TRANSLATIONS OF CHILDREN’S CLASSICS

THE STATUS OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN CROATIAN TRANSLATIONS OF CHILDREN’S CLASSICS The paper presents a study of the visual discourses of Croatian editions of children’s classics translated from English into Croatian. It focuses on trends in using the original illustrations from the source texts or providing new illustrations in individual publications of target texts and on finding and interpreting semantic shifts in images provided by Croatian artists, in comparison with the illustrations in the first editions of the source texts. Interlingual translators adopt various strategies to cope with cultural and stylistic aspects of the source texts, and semantic shifts are almost inevitable. They are even more often perceived in translations of children’s literature. Children’s books regularly include intersemiotic translations of the verbal text in the form of images, which carry important narrative and cultural meanings. These may become fragile in translation. The analysis of images in Croatian publications with new sets of illustrations has detected modifications of original narrative meanings, leading to semantic shifts. Further, the analysis of the publishing practices has revealed a tendency in the recent period towards introducing new sets of illustrations more often than prior to the 1990s. Finally, the paper considers the reasons for and implications of these findings.

Montenegro, Bosnia, and Herzegovina in travel writing by H. Avelot and J. de la Neziere

The essay focuses on the book Montenegro, Bosnia, Herzegovina by two young French reporters Henry Avelot (1873-1935) and Joseph de la Neziere (1873-1944). The way the book came into being and its future literary life speak of the lively interest shown by French society to Slavic lands in the Balkans. H. Avelot is known as children's book author, comic writer, cartoonist, and illustrator. He collaborated with such publications as Le Rire and La Vie Parisienne. In 1893 he travelled to the Balkans with his friend, the artist J. de la Neziere, a passionate traveller, who preferred Oriental subjects for his works. In the Southern Slavic lands, they were interested in the Oriental reality of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the traditional life of the locals, and the combination of patriarchal culture with the latest Western influences. The main target of their voyage was the Princedom of Montenegro, and their book is dedicated to Prince Nicholas I, the ruler of the country. The book gives a clear idea of the personalities of the authors. These are young people; curious, witty, and ironic. They look at the world in front of their eyes with awe and joy. The text is a collection of witty and ironic essays, and the illustrations are sketches created by true researchers. The images are accurate, de-tailed, and diverse. Bearing the imprint of its authors' personalities, the book is as detailed as modern travel guidebooks. The book Montenegro, Bosnia, Herzegovina was created with passion and contains 204 original illustrations. Being both writ-ers and artists, the authors perceive and recreate the landscapes around them so accurately and colourfully that the readers can literally see these lands together with the travellers themselves. The authors make sure they describe every town, village, and island they encountered, making detailed ethnographic sketches.