Evidence Based Medicine Concepts/Clinical Research

2020 ◽  
pp. 521-525
Author(s):  
Peter C. Minneci ◽  
Katherine J. Deans
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Based Medicine

scholarly journals Impact of deliberate practice on evidence-based medicine attitudes and behaviours of health care professionals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eelco Draaisma ◽  
Lauren A. Maggio ◽  
Jolita Bekhof ◽  
A. Debbie C. Jaarsma ◽  
Paul L. P. Brand
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Deliberate Practice ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Teaching Activities ◽  
Based Medicine

Abstract Introduction Although evidence-based medicine (EBM) teaching activities may improve short-term EBM knowledge and skills, they have little long-term impact on learners’ EBM attitudes and behaviour. This study examined the effects of learning EBM through stand-alone workshops or various forms of deliberate EBM practice. Methods We assessed EBM attitudes and behaviour with the evidence based practice inventory questionnaire, in paediatric health care professionals who had only participated in a stand-alone EBM workshop (controls), participants with a completed PhD in clinical research (PhDs), those who had completed part of their paediatric residency at a department (Isala Hospital) which systematically implemented EBM in its clinical and teaching activities (former Isala residents), and a reference group of paediatric professionals currently employed at Isala’s paediatric department (current Isala participants). Results Compared to controls (n = 16), current Isala participants (n = 13) reported more positive EBM attitudes (p < 0.01), gave more priority to using EBM in decision making (p = 0.001) and reported more EBM behaviour (p = 0.007). PhDs (n = 20) gave more priority to using EBM in medical decision making (p < 0.001) and reported more EBM behaviour than controls (p = 0.016). Discussion Health care professionals exposed to deliberate practice of EBM, either in the daily routines of their department or by completing a PhD in clinical research, view EBM as more useful and are more likely to use it in decision making than their peers who only followed a standard EBM workshop. These findings support the use of deliberate practice as the basis for postgraduate EBM educational activities.

The Principles of Evidence-Based Medicine

Cephalalgia ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Wiebe
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Information Overload ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Clinical Expertise ◽  
Performance Information ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Based Medicine

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) integrates individual clinical expertise with the best available external evidence in the care of individual patients. By enabling clinicians to directly appraise and apply current clinical research, EBM deals with the problems of deterioration in clinical performance, information overload, and lag in application of research findings to clinical practice. Thus, EBM is a useful tool to address the problems faced by clinicians attempting to provide optimum, current care for their patients. The rationale for EBM, its principles and application, as well as some limitations, are described here.

scholarly journals Confirmation bias by consumers of clinical research demonstrates the need for implementation science

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Peter Meza
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Implementation Science ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Confirmation Bias ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Based Medicine

<p>The Journal's Editor holds that, although Evidence-based medicine typically only looks for bias of the research design, still evidence-based practice must also include the biases of those using the research evidence and how it is deployed in clinical practice.</p>

Evidence-based medicine in otolaryngology journals

2002 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris L. Bentsianov ◽  
Marina Boruk ◽  
Richard M. Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Therapeutic Recommendations ◽  
Based Medicine

OBJECTIVE: We set out to assess, within the context of evidence-based medicine, the levels of supporting evidence for therapeutic recommendations made in leading otolaryngology journals. DESIGN: We used a cross-sectional survey of clinical research articles published in 1999 in 4 high-circulation otolaryngology journals. OUTCOME MEASURES: We used study design methodology and level of evidence for clinical research articles with therapeutic recommendations. Outcomes were stratified by type of recommendation (positive vs negative) and by study focus (medical vs surgical therapy). RESULTS: Of the 1019 articles identified, 737 (72%) were clinical research and 268 (36%) made therapeutic recommendations. Median sample size was modest (27 subjects), with only 38% of studies reflecting planned research and 22% including an internal control or comparison group. positive studies were 20 times more prevalent than negative ones, but were 69% less likely to have an internal control group ( P = .042) and 93% less likely to include confidence intervals ( P = .020). Moreover, the level of evidence for positive studies was lower than for negative studies ( P = .037), with twice as many negative recommendations supported by analytic research. Similarly, the level of evidence for operation was lower than for medical therapy ( P < .001), with 3 times as many medical recommendations supported by analytic research. CONCLUSIONS: Most therapeutic recommendations in otolaryngology journals are on the basis of descriptive case series (80%) and least often on randomized controlled trials (7%). A dual standard appears to exist for negative versus positive studies and for medical versus surgical recommendations. Greater scrutiny of the breadth and quality of evidence levels supporting therapeutic recommendations is likely to occur as the popularity of—and demand for—evidence-based medicine increases. SIGNIFICANCE: Evaluation of levels of evidence in otolaryngology decision making.

scholarly journals Evidence-Based Medicine and Clinical Research: Both Are Needed, Neither Is Perfect

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (Suppl. 3) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hania Szajewska
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Clinical Expertise ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The World ◽  
Pediatric Nutrition ◽  
Based Medicine

Currently, it is impossible to think of modern healthcare that ignores evidence-based medicine (EBM), a concept which relies on 3 pillars: individual clinical expertise, the values and desires of the patient, and the best available research. However, EBM is not perfect. Clinical research is also far from being perfect. This article provides an overview of the basic principles, opportunities, and controversies offered by EBM. It also summarizes current discussions on clinical research. Potential solutions to the problems of EBM and clinical research are discussed as well. If there were specific issues related to pediatric nutrition, an attempt was made to discuss the basic principles and limitations in this context. However, the conclusions are applicable to EBM and clinical research in general. In the future, considering that new ways of obtaining health data will continue to emerge, the world of EBM and clinical research is likely to change. The ultimate goal, however, will remain the same: improving health outcomes for patients.

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