scholarly journals Patients for Patient Safety

Author(s):  
Susan Sheridan ◽  
Heather Sherman ◽  
Allison Kooijman ◽  
Evangelina Vazquez ◽  
Katrine Kirk ◽  
...  

AbstractUnsafe care results in over 2 million deaths per year and is considered one of the world’s leading causes of death. In 2019, the 72nd World Health Assembly issued a call to action, The Global Action on Patient Safety, that called for Member States to democratize healthcare by engaging with the very users of the healthcare system—patients, families, and community members—along with other partners—in the “co-production” of safer healthcare.The WHO’s Patients for Patient Safety (PFPS) Programme, guided by the London Declaration, addresses this global concern by advancing co-production efforts that demonstrate the powerful and important role that civil society, patients, families, and communities play in building harm reduction strategies that result in safer care in developing and developed countries. The real-world examples from the PFPS Programme and Member States illustrate how civil society as well as patients, families, and communities who have experienced harm from unsafe care have harnessed their wisdom and courageously partnered with passionate and forward-thinking leaders in healthcare including clinicians, researchers, policy makers, medical educators, and quality improvement experts to co-produce sustainable patient safety initiatives. Although each example is different in scope, structure, and purpose and engage different stakeholders at different levels, each highlights the necessary building blocks to transform our healthcare systems into learning environments through co-production of patient safety initiatives, and each responds to the call made in the London Declaration, the WHO PFPS Programme, and the World Health Assembly to place patients, families, communities, and civil society at the center of efforts to improve patient safety.

Author(s):  
Weizi Li

Clinical pathways are complex processes based on knowledge and personal experience, which are essential for high quality patient treatment. However, the insufficient knowledge coverage and representation for detailed clinical pathways makes it difficult to provide accurate information to improve patient safety. The gap between the dynamic practical treatment process and the predefined clinical pathways knowledge becomes an important issue. This chapter discusses how knowledge management enhances the implementation of clinical pathway to achieve medical quality improvement. The relationship between patient safety and the effectiveness of clinical pathway knowledge is discussed. The clinical pathway knowledge management pattern is derived in the context of healthcare knowledge management. More specifically, a norm-based approach is proposed to represent and manage clinical pathway knowledge. Types of knowledge can be represented comprehensively with the taxonomy of norms as useful building blocks to construct the dynamic and accurate clinical pathway knowledge. The multi-agent system embedded with norms is developed to enhance clinical pathway management in the context of complicated healthcare environment. Finally, social-technical issues of implementing knowledge management technologies in practical treatment process are discussed.


2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak C. Bajracharya ◽  
Kshitij Karki ◽  
Chhiring Yangjen Lama ◽  
Rajesh Dhoj Joshi ◽  
Shankar Man Rai ◽  
...  

AbstractGlobally, medical errors are associated with an estimated $42 billion in costs to healthcare systems. A variety of errors in the delivery of healthcare have been identified by the World Health Organization and it is believed that about 50% of all errors are preventable. Initiatives to improve patient safety are now garnering increased attention across a range of countries in all regions of the world. From June 28--29, 2019, the first International Patient Safety Conference (IPSC) was held in Kathmandu, Nepal and attended by over 200 healthcare professionals as well as hospital, government, and non-governmental organization leaders. During the conference, presentations describing the experience with errors in healthcare and solutions to minimize future occurrence of adverse events were presented. Examples of systems implemented to prevent future errors in patient care were also described. A key outcome of this conference was the initiation of conversations and communication among important stakeholders for patient safety. In addition, attendees and dignitaries in attendance all reaffirmed their commitment to furthering actions in hospitals and other healthcare facilities that focus on reducing the risk of harm to patients who receive care in the Nepali healthcare system. This conference provides an important springboard for the development of patient-centered strategies to improve patient safety across a range of patient care environments in public and private sector healthcare institutions.


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Munkholm ◽  
Olivier Rubin

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing problem worldwide in need of global coordinated action. With the endorsement of the Global Action Plan (GAP) on AMR in 2015, the 194 member states of the World Health Organization committed to integrating the five objectives and corresponding actions of the GAP into national action plans (NAPs) on AMR. The article analyzes patterns of alignment between existing NAPs and the GAP, bringing to the fore new methodologies for exploring the relationship between globally driven health policies and activities at the national level, taking income, geography and governance factors into account. Methods The article investigates the global governance of AMR. Concretely, two proxies are devised to measure vertical and horizontal alignment between the GAP and existing NAPs: (i) a syntactic indicator measuring the degree of verbatim overlap between the GAP and the NAPs; and (ii) a content indicator measuring the extent to which the objectives and corresponding actions outlined in the GAP are addressed in the NAPs. Vertical alignment is measured by the extent to which each NAP overlaps with the GAP. Horizontal alignment is explored by measuring the degree to which NAPs overlap with other NAPs across regions and income groups. In addition, NAP implementation is explored using the Global Database for Antimicrobial Resistance Country Self-Assessment. Findings We find strong evidence of vertical alignment, particularly among low-income countries and lower-middle-income countries but weaker evidence of horizontal alignment within regions. In general, we find the NAPs in our sample to be mostly aligned with the GAP’s five overarching objectives while only moderately aligned with the recommended corresponding actions. Furthermore, we see several cases of what can be termed ‘isomorphic mimicry’, characterized by strong alignment in the policies outlined but much lower levels of alignment in terms of actual implemented policies. Conclusion To strengthen the alignment of national AMR policies, we recommend global governance initiatives based on individualized responsibilities some of which should be legally binding. Our study provides limited evidence of horizontal alignment within regions, which implies that regional governance institutions (e.g., WHO regional offices) should primarily act as mediators between global and local demands to strengthen a global governance regime that minimizes policy fragmentation and mimicry behavior across member states.


2020 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 66-81
Author(s):  
M. Sen ◽  
M. M. A. Azzani ◽  
A. Rezaei ◽  
P. K. Sen

Objective: Over the last decade, various methods to improve patient safety and to reduce medical errors are being implemented. Medical students should look into and participate in patient safety during their education. The objective of the study was to study the personal awareness, attitudes, and knowledge of patient safety measures in use in a Malaysian Medical College after implementation of the patient safety study module in the curriculum. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis using a validated World Health Organization questionnaire (“Patient Safety – Curriculum Guide, Topic 1 questionnaire on patient safety”) on 4th-year medical students. The students’ awareness, attitudes, and knowledge of patient safety measures were assessed. Results: One hundred and thirty-four years four undergraduate students of the Faculty of Medicine were recruited for the study using a convenience sampling method. The majority of study participants were females (65.4%). The median age of study participants was 24 years of the interquartile range = 1. On analysis, a majority of study participants had a medium level of knowledge about errors and patient safety. There was a significant positive correlation between the safety of the health-care system and personal influence over safety and attitudes toward patient safety (P < 0.05). There was also a positive correlation between personal influence over safety and safety at the workplace (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Our study indicates that student attitudes toward patient safety measures are positive, and knowledge and awareness are fair.


2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  

The 56th World Health Assembly, which convened 19-28 May 2003, has decided to establish and intergovernmental working group open to all member states to review and recommend a draft revision of the International Health Regulations (1, 2).


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Freny Ravika Mbaloto ◽  
Niswa Salamung ◽  
Ni Ketut Elmiyanti

Introduction: The Word Health Organization suggests that developed countries focus more on knowledge of standardized mechanisms and organizational factors that cause unsafe care for patients, such as those related to miscommunication, eg coordination, human error and the need to improve patient safety culture. Patient safety culture is a major and fundamental factor because building a patient safety culture is a way to build an overall patient safety program. This study aims to determine the applicationof patients safety culture at  Undata Hospital, Palu, Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia.  Method: Using a survey questionnaire, this study explores differences in the application of of patient safety cultures in patient, critical and emergency rooms. The research samples of 157 people obtained through the use of probability sampling techniques. Data were analyzed using Fisher's exact test. The statistic show that there are differences in the application of safety culture in patient, critical and emergency rooms. Because there are differences in the application of safety culture between rooms, the statistical analysis was continued with the Post Hoc Mann-Whitney test. Results: The results showed that statistically there was no difference in the application of patient safety culture between inpatient and critical rooms because p = 0.643 (p> 0,05 ), a difference in the application of patient safety culture between in patient and emergency rooms because p = 0.011 (p <0,05), a difference in the application of patient safety culture between critical rooms and emergency rooms because p = 0.049 (p<0.05).


Author(s):  
◽  
Sri Lestari Ramadhani Nasution ◽  

ABSTRACT Background: Patient safety issues became a global health concern, especially the occurrence of avoidable complications from surgical procedures. In 2008, World Health Organization launched the Safe Surgery Saves Lives program to improve patient safety. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between compliance to surgery safety checklist and incidents among anesthesiology nurses in operation theater at Royal Prima General Hospital, Medan, North Sumatera. Subjects and Method: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted at Royal Prima General Hospital, Medan, North Sumatera, in August 2019. A sample of 25 anesthesiology nurses was selected by the total sampling. The dependent variable was incidents in the operating room. The independent variable was the compliance of anesthesiology nurses on performing surgical safety checklist. The data of nurse compliance were measured by the completeness of filling sign in, time out, and sign out surgical safety checklists. The data were analyzed by chi-square. Results: The incidents in the operating room reduced with compliance in surgical safety checklist filling, but it was not statistically significant (OR= 0.12; 95% CI= 0.01 to 1.95; p= 0.218). Conclusion: The incidents in the operating room reduce with compliance in surgical safety checklist filling, but statistically non-significant. Keywords: surgical safety checklist, incidents, operating room Correspondence: Wienaldi. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6285270130535. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.32


2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. E18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail Rosseau ◽  
Walter D. Johnson ◽  
Kee B. Park ◽  
Miguel Arráez Sánchez ◽  
Franco Servadei ◽  
...  

Since the creation of the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1948, the annual World Health Assembly (WHA) has been the major forum for discussion, debate, and approval of the global health agenda. As such, it informs the framework for the policies and budgets of many of its Member States. For most of its history, a significant portion of the attention of health ministers and Member States has been given to issues of clean water, vaccination, and communicable diseases. For neurosurgeons, the adoption of WHA Resolution 68.15 changed the global health landscape because the importance of surgical care for universal health coverage was highlighted in the document. This resolution was adopted in 2015, shortly after the publication of The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery Report titled “Global Surgery 2030: evidence and solutions for achieving health, welfare and economic development.” Mandating global strengthening of emergency and essential surgical care and anesthesia, this resolution has led to the formation of surgical and anesthesia collaborations that center on WHO and can be facilitated via the WHA. Participation by neurosurgeons has grown dramatically, in part due to the official relations between WHO and the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies, with the result that global neurosurgery is gaining momentum.


2015 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 592-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
WD Harrison ◽  
B Narayan ◽  
AW Newton ◽  
JV Banks ◽  
G Cheung

Introduction This study reviews the litigation costs of avoidable errors in orthopaedic operating theatres (OOTs) in England and Wales from 1995 to 2010 using the National Health Service Litigation Authority Database. Materials and methods Litigation specifically against non-technical errors (NTEs) in OOTs and issues regarding obtaining adequate consent was identified and analysed for the year of incident, compensation fee, cost of legal defence, and likelihood of compensation. Results There were 550 claims relating to consent and NTEs in OOTs. Negligence was related to consent (n=126), wrong-site surgery (104), injuries in the OOT (54), foreign body left in situ (54), diathermy and skin-preparation burns (54), operator error (40), incorrect equipment (25), medication errors (15) and tourniquet injuries (10). Mean cost per claim was £40,322. Cumulative cost for all cases was £20 million. Wrong-site surgery was error that elicited the most successful litigation (89% of cases). Litigation relating to implantation of an incorrect prosthesis (eg right-sided prosthesis in a left knee) cost £2.9 million. Prevalence of litigation against NTEs has declined since 2007. Conclusions Improved patient-safety strategies such as the World Health Organization Surgical Checklist may be responsible for the recent reduction in prevalence of litigation for NTEs. However, addition of a specific feature in orthopaedic surgery, an ‘implant time-out’ could translate into a cost benefit for National Health Service hospital trusts and improve patient safety.


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