scholarly journals Scientific Communication and Codification

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-65
Author(s):  
Loet Leydesdorff
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Networks ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Cognitive Structures ◽  
Scientific Practices ◽  
Sociology Of Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sociology Of Translation ◽  
Actor Networks

Abstract In the sociology of scientific knowledge and the sociology of translation, heterogeneous networks have been studied in terms of practices and so-called actor-networks. However, scientific practices are intellectually structured by codes. Cognitive structures interact and co-construct the organization of scholars and discourses into research programs, specialties, and disciplines. The intellectual organization of the sciences adds to and feeds back on the configurations of authors and texts. The social, textual, and cognitive sub-dynamics select upon each other asymmetrically. Selections can further be selected for stabilization along trajectories and then also be globalized—symbolically generalized—into regimes of expectations.

Friendship as a scientific method

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meritxell Ramírez-i-Ollé
Keyword(s):  
Research Ethics ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Sociology Of Scientific Knowledge ◽  
The Social ◽  
Knowledge Formation ◽  
The Ideal

Friendships formed in the course of scientific research are common and should be foregrounded in discussions of how the sciences are done. Inspired by the Sociology of Scientific Knowledge, I propose a ‘symmetrical’ analysis of friendships in both the social and natural sciences as a way of comparing knowledge-making practices. The research question that derives from this approach is: How are friendships with and between subjects generative of new forms of scientific knowledge and new types of relating? I provide an answer based on my experience of befriending a group of dendroclimatologists to whom I referred metaphorically as ‘my chimps’ in an analogy with the primatologist Jane Goodall’s affectionate relation with her research subjects. In my case, befriending dendroclimatologists involved cultivating a curiosity about each other’s research and worlds through different means. As a result, my work also came to matter to them and we produced it collaboratively. The instrumentalisation of friendships for the purpose of achieving a certain control and agreement with subjects and beings is, I argue, a normal aspect of knowledge formation, and should not be seen as unethical. If anything, befriending subjects promotes better research ethics as it generates a form of mutuality based on partial relatedness, constructive dissent and playfulness, rather than hybridity, totalising consensus and domination. Overall, my argument about friendship as a method in science seeks to criticise the ideal that isolation and indifference are at the heart of the way scientific knowledge, both social and natural, is and should be made.

scholarly journals Interests, Folk Psychology and the Sociology of Scientific Knowledge

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petri Ylikoski
Keyword(s):  
Social Studies ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Folk Psychology ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Social Studies Of Science ◽  
Sociology Of Scientific Knowledge ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The Way

This paper provides a conceptual analysis of the notion of interests as it is used in the social studies of science. After describing the theoretical background behind the Strong Program’s adoption of the concept of interest, the paper outlines a reconstruction of the everyday notion of interest and argues that the same notion is used also by the sociologists of scientific knowledge. However, there are a couple of important differences between the everyday use of this notion and the way in which it used by the sociologists. The sociologists do not use the term in evaluative context and they do not regard interests as purely non-epistemic factors. Finally it is argued that most of the usual critiques of interest explanations, by both philosophers and fellow sociologists, are misguided.

Where is disciplinarity going? Meeting on the borderland

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 582-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Marcovich ◽  
Terry Shinn
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Cognitive Structures ◽  
Spawning Ground ◽  
University System ◽  
The 19Th Century

This article analyzes the cognitive structures and dynamics of a form of scientific discipline that differs importantly both from the disciplinary format of the 19th-century university system, and from the profile proposed by much postmodern interdisciplinary (anti-disciplinary) discussion. This recent form of discipline, here termed the ‘new disciplinarity’, is a product of the increasing complexity of scientific knowledge and activity. The approach privileges cognition. It emphasizes the concepts of disciplinary referent, robust boundaries, ‘borderland’, combinatorials and projects. It suggests that the new disciplinarity is highly elastic and that it is a spawning-ground for new disciplines.

scholarly journals Review of Toponymic Studies of Altai and Siberia in the Anthropocentric Paradigm

2021 ◽  
pp. 478-488
Author(s):  
Svetlana P. Vasil’eva ◽  
Lidia M. Dmitrieva
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Cognitive Structures ◽  
Cognitive Modelling ◽  
Cultural Interpretation ◽  
Previous Period ◽  
Cultural Information ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

At the turn of the 20th–21st centuries there appeared a trend of appeal to the anthropocentric paradigm for scientific knowledge in the toponymic studies. In the previous period, the toponymic studies relied upon the properties of toponyms as language units at the semantic, structural, and grammatical levels. At the same time, the ethnocultural aspect of the geographic names manifesting the ethnocultural stereotypes for exploring the world, and, wider, for the worldview of both contemplating man and acting man remained outside the scope of linguistic studies. Rooted in the integrative approach to analysis of linguistic phenomena, the anthropocentrism principles determined a qualitatively new stage of research based on activating the cognitive structures of mental knowledge. Thus, the presented review shows that toponyms are an important source of ethnocultural information that can be extracted through cognitive modelling and linguistic and cultural interpretation within the framework of the anthropocentric paradigm. In the future, the applied methods of toponymic research can be extrapolated to other sources of linguistic and cultural information

scholarly journals Conhecimento Científico produção e comunicação no âmbito da Universidade Federal do Ceará

2021 ◽  
pp. 86-104
Author(s):  
Rosana de Vasconcelos Sousa ◽  
Fátima Maria Alencar Araripe
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Scientific Production ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Institutional Repository ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
The University

It addresses scientific production and communication at the Federal University of Ceará (UFC). It presents the types of knowledge and the university as a producer and disseminator of scientific knowledge, with an emphasis on the types of scientific production of these institutions. It aims to identify the formal channels of scientific communication of UFC and the numbers of scientific production of its academic community in the last five decades. It uses bibliographic research, with a qualitative and quantitative approach. It concludes that the analysis of the numbers of the last five decades of UFC scientific productionmade available inits Institutional Repository and in Pergamumallows to verify the expressive quantitative advance of the production published in the last two decades, highlighting thenumbers of journal articlesavailable in the Institutional Repository and the disparityin the registration of TCC, dissertations and theses between the two platforms.

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