A Pressure Controlled Membrane Mechanism for Optimising Haptic Sensing

For perioperative mechanical ventilation under general anesthesia, modern respirators aim at combining the benefits of pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) and volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) in modes typically named “volume-guaranteed” or “volume-targeted” pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV-VG). This systematic review and meta-analysis tested the hypothesis that PCV-VG modes of ventilation could be beneficial in terms of improved airway pressures (Ppeak, Pplateau, Pmean), dynamic compliance (Cdyn), or arterial blood gases (PaO2, PaCO2) in adults undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia. Three major medical electronic databases were searched with predefined search strategies and publications were systematically evaluated according to the Cochrane Review Methods. Continuous variables were tested for mean differences using the inverse variance method and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Based on the assumption that intervention effects across studies were not identical, a random effects model was chosen. Assessment for heterogeneity was performed with the χ2 test and the I2 statistic. As primary endpoints, Ppeak, Pplateau, Pmean, Cdyn, PaO2, and PaCO2 were evaluated. Of the 725 publications identified, 17 finally met eligibility criteria, with a total of 929 patients recruited. Under supine two-lung ventilation, PCV-VG resulted in significantly reduced Ppeak (15 studies) and Pplateau (9 studies) as well as higher Cdyn (9 studies), compared with VCV [random effects models; Ppeak: CI −3.26 to −1.47; p < 0.001; I2 = 82%; Pplateau: −3.12 to −0.12; p = 0.03; I2 = 90%; Cdyn: CI 3.42 to 8.65; p < 0.001; I2 = 90%]. For one-lung ventilation (8 studies), PCV-VG allowed for significantly lower Ppeak and higher PaO2 compared with VCV. In Trendelenburg position (5 studies), this effect was significant for Ppeak only. This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrates that volume-targeting, pressure-controlled ventilation modes may provide benefits with respect to the improved airway dynamics in two- and one-lung ventilation, and improved oxygenation in one-lung ventilation in adults undergoing elective surgery.

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Effect of pressure-controlled ventilation-volume guaranteed mode combined with individualized positive end-expiratory pressure on respiratory mechanics, oxygenation and lung injury in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery in Trendelenburg position

Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing ◽

10.1007/s10877-021-00750-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jianli Li ◽

Saixian Ma ◽

Xiujie Chang ◽

Songxu Ju ◽

Meng Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laparoscopic Surgery ◽

Lung Injury ◽

Respiratory Mechanics ◽

Lung Mechanics ◽

Trial Registry ◽

Positive End Expiratory Pressure ◽

Clinical Trial Registry ◽

Trendelenburg Position ◽

Pressure Controlled Ventilation ◽

Pressure Controlled

AbstractThe study aimed to investigate the efficacy of PCV-VG combined with individual PEEP during laparoscopic surgery in the Trendelenburg position. 120 patients were randomly divided into four groups: VF group (VCV plus 5cmH2O PEEP), PF group (PCV-VG plus 5cmH2O PEEP), VI group (VCV plus individual PEEP), and PI group (PCV-VG plus individual PEEP). Pmean, Ppeak, Cdyn, PaO2/FiO2, VD/VT, A-aDO2 and Qs/Qt were recorded at T1 (15 min after the induction of anesthesia), T2 (60 min after pneumoperitoneum), and T3 (5 min at the end of anesthesia). The CC16 and IL-6 were measured at T1 and T3. Our results showed that the Pmean was increased in VI and PI group, and the Ppeak was lower in PI group at T2. At T2 and T3, the Cdyn of PI group was higher than that in other groups, and PaO2/FiO2 was increased in PI group compared with VF and VI group. At T2 and T3, A-aDO2 of PI and PF group was reduced than that in other groups. The Qs/Qt was decreased in PI group compared with VF and VI group at T2 and T3. At T2, VD/VT in PI group was decreased than other groups. At T3, the concentration of CC16 in PI group was lower compared with other groups, and IL-6 level of PI group was decreased than that in VF and VI group. In conclusion, the patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery, PCV-VG combined with individual PEEP produced favorable lung mechanics and oxygenation, and thus reducing inflammatory response and lung injury.Clinical Trial registry: chictr.org. identifier: ChiCTR-2100044928

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Overview and Exploitation of Haptic Tele-Weight Device in Virtual Shopping Stores

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13137253 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (13) ◽

pp. 7253

Author(s):

Aqeel Farooq ◽

Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian ◽

Ben Horan ◽

Saad Mekhilef ◽

Alex Stojcevski

Keyword(s):

Smart Cities ◽

Visual Display ◽

Load Cell ◽

Research Approach ◽

Physical Interaction ◽

Head Mounted Display ◽

Haptic Technology ◽

Haptic Sensing ◽

Virtual Store ◽

Virtual Shopping

In view of the problem of e-commerce scams and the absence of haptic interaction, this research aims to introduce and create a tele-weight device for e-commerce shopping in smart cities. The objective is to use the proposed prototype to provide a brief overview of the possible technological advancements. When the tele-weight device is affixed over the head-mounted display, it allows the user to feel the item’s weight while shopping in the virtual store. Addressing the problem of having no physical interaction between the user (player) and a series game scene in virtual reality (VR) headsets, this research approach focuses on creating a prototype device that has two parts, a sending part and a receiving part. The sending part measures the weight of the object and transmits it over the cellular network to the receiver side. The virtual store user at the receiving side can thus realize the weight of the ordered object. The findings from this work include a visual display of the item’s weight to the virtual store e-commerce user. By introducing sustainability, this haptic technology-assisted technique can help the customer realize the weight of an object and thus have a better immersive experience. In the device, the load cell measures the weight of the object and amplifies it using the HX711 amplifier. However, some delay in the demonstration of the weight was observed during experimentation, and this indirectly altered the performance of the system. One set of the device is sited at the virtual store user premises while the sending end of the device is positioned at the warehouse. The sending end hardware includes an Arduino Uno device, an HX711 amplifier chip to amplify the weight from the load cell, and a cellular module (Sim900A chip-based) to transmit the weight in the form of an encoded message. The receiving end hardware includes a cellular module and an actuator involving a motor gear arrangement to demonstrate the weight of the object. Combining the fields of e-commerce, embedded systems, VR, and haptic sensing, this research can help create a more secure marketplace to attain a higher level of customer satisfaction.

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Right Ventricular Function During One-Lung Ventilation: Effects of Pressure-Controlled and Volume-Controlled Ventilation

Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia ◽

10.1053/j.jvca.2013.09.012 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 880-884 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Abdullah M. Al Shehri ◽

Mohamed R. El-Tahan ◽

Roshdi Al Metwally ◽

Hatem Qutub ◽

Yasser F. El Ghoneimy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Right Ventricular ◽

Ventricular Function ◽

Right Ventricular Function ◽

Lung Ventilation ◽

One Lung Ventilation ◽

Controlled Ventilation ◽

Volume Controlled Ventilation ◽

Volume Controlled ◽

Pressure Controlled

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Pressure-Controlled Treadmill Training in Chronic Stroke

Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy ◽

10.1097/npt.0000000000000083 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 127-133 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Cherise Lathan ◽

Andrew Myler ◽

Jennifer Bagwell ◽

Christopher M. Powers ◽

Beth E. Fisher

Keyword(s):

Chronic Stroke ◽

Treadmill Training ◽

Pressure Controlled

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AIR PRESSURE CONTROLLED MASS MEASUREMENT SYSTEM

International Journal of Modern Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1142/s2010194513600021 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

pp. 1360002

Author(s):

RUILIN ZHONG ◽

JIAN WANG ◽

CHANGQING CAI ◽

HONG YAO ◽

JIN'AN DING ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Measurement System ◽

Pressure Range ◽

Mass Measurement ◽

Air Pressure ◽

Air Density ◽

Airtight Chamber ◽

And Control ◽

Automatic Mass ◽

Pressure Controlled ◽

Control Part

Mass measurement is influenced by air pressure, temperature, humidity and other facts. In order to reduce the influence, mass laboratory of National Institute of Metrology, China has developed an air pressure controlled mass measurement system. In this system, an automatic mass comparator is installed in an airtight chamber. The Chamber is equipped with a pressure controller and associate valves, thus the air pressure can be changed and stabilized to the pre-set value, the preferred pressure range is from 200 hPa to 1100 hPa. In order to keep the environment inside the chamber stable, the display and control part of the mass comparator are moved outside the chamber, and connected to the mass comparator by feed-throughs. Also a lifting device is designed for this system which can easily lift up the upper part of the chamber, thus weights can be easily put inside the mass comparator. The whole system is put on a marble platform, and the temperature and humidity of the laboratory is very stable. The temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide content inside the chamber are measured in real time and can be used to get air density. Mass measurement cycle from 1100 hPa to 200 hPa and back to 1100 hPa shows the effective of the system.

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