The Demise of Brazilian Developmental State: Political Constraints and the Role of Finance

2021 ◽  
pp. 285-303
Author(s):  
Andrea Oliveira Ribeiro ◽  
Roberta Rodrigues M. da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Developmental State ◽  
Political Constraints

scholarly journals Revisiting Bureaucratic Dysfunction: The Role of Bureaucracy in Democratization

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-147
Author(s):  
Im Tobin
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Missing Link

While many studies have focused on the link between economics and democracy in exploring the strategies adopted by developing countries, they have tended to overlook the role of bureaucracy in democratization. This study seeks the missing link between bureaucracy and democratization. What are the conditions necessary for bureaucracy to facilitate the democratization process of a country? This article begins by briefly reviewing the bureaucracy literature from Max Weber and Karl Marx and then argues that despite its shortcomings, bureaucracy in its Weberian form can facilitate the political democratization of a developmental state. This study concludes that although bureaucracy is often regarded as dysfunctional, it can be instrumental in the democratization process in the context of the developmental state.

The role of Local Economic Development Agencies in South Africa’s developmental state ambitions

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Khambule
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
State Theory ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Economic Development Agencies ◽  
Development Agencies

South Africa’s Local Economic Development Agencies have emerged as appropriate institutional structures for advancing socio-economic development in the local government-led development landscape, due to the inability of local municipalities to lead local economic development. This shift signifies that South Africa is turning to local economic development strategies to address developmental challenges, such as poor socio-economic conditions (unemployment, poverty and inequality), by creating local development solutions and employment opportunities. This article utilises the developmental state theory to examine the role of Local Economic Development Agencies in South Africa’s aspirations of becoming a capable developmental state. While the developmental state literature is concerned with the central role of the state in economic development, this article extends the developmental state theory to the subnational level by arguing that the developmental local government is the local developmental state. In addition, the article locates Local Economic Development Agencies within the developmental state paradigm by showing that Local Economic Development Agencies were established as economic development coordinators at the subnational level to assist local government in addressing South Africa’s triple challenges. Although the roles and functions of South African Local Economic Development Agencies are aligned to the developmental state ideology, their developmental mandate is undermined by the lack of coordination within local institutions.

scholarly journals From Developmental State to Developmental Society?: The Role of Civil Society Organizations in Recent Korean Development and Possible Lessons for Developing Countries

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-71
Author(s):  
Thomas Kalinowski
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Shock Therapy ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Development Theory ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
General Development ◽  
Political Processes

In the 1980s and 1990s, rapid market oriented reforms, liberalization and privatization ("shock therapy") in developing and transformational countries caused economic and social problems that began to undermine the legitimacy of political democratization and market reforms itself. Scholars in the field of transformation and development theory found that market coordination alone was not able to fill the void left by a weak or weakening state. In this essay, we look at the case of Korea to find out if an active civil society can substitute functions of the withdrawing developmental state since the 1980s. We show that civil society organizations (CSOs) in Korea have been relatively effective in influencing political processes, shaping public opinion, compensating the weakness of political instirucions, and contributing to general development. Korean CSOs achieved this remarkable impact despite substantial organizational problems and a relatively unfavorable socioeconomic and political environment. This effectiveness and the synergy between state and civil society make Korean CSOs very interesting to study for development scholars. Korea might offer some valuable lessons on how to improve advocacy CSOs in an unfavorable environment similar to that of many developing countries.

scholarly journals The Evolution of Infrastructure Investment of Korea

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-145
Author(s):  
Kilkon Ko
Keyword(s):  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Investment Policies ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Korean Government ◽  
Development And Utilization

Although analysts have explored many facets of economic growth of Korea over the last decades, infrastructure investment policies have been discussed in terms of a simple developmental state framework that emphasizes the role of bureaucracy. This paper claims that infrastructure investment is a function of interactive processes affected by demand, supply, politics, and administrative reaction. While the Korean government did invest in infrastructure in advance of the growth of demand for it in the 1970s, it has made its major infrastructure investment since the 1980s. Also, while strong political leadership is frequently lauded, the problems with the Gyeongbu expressway and the four-rivers project suggest that political leadership without adequate rational planning and policy analysis can have undesirable effects. Finally, facing budget constraints and pressure to make efficient use of limited resources, the Korean government has sought to institutionalize a systematic process for managing infrastructure investment. Hence, the development and utilization of relevant policy analysis and evaluation methods is necessary.

Corruption and socio-political economic structures: a case of Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 330-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olatunde Julius Otusanya ◽  
Sarah G. Lauwo
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Critical Realism ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Methodological Individualism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Elite ◽  
Institutional Structures

Purpose “Corrupt practices” is a recurring feature of media coverage. The paper seeks to encourage debates about the influence of institutional structures on agency to break away from methodological individualism. This paper aims to encourage reflections on the role of both the structures and actors which have shaped the continuous expansion of corrupt practices in Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach Whilst recognising that deviant behaviour by some individuals is always possible, this paper has rejected methodological individualism and shows the value of locating anti-social practices within the broader socio-political and historical context. Within a socio-political framework, this study adopts the theories of critical realism, developmental state and globalisation to understand the relationship between social agency and society, focusing upon the institutional structures and the role of social actors. Findings The evidence shows that socio-political and economic development, politics, power, history and globalisation have continued to reproduce and transform the institutional structures and actors which have facilitated anti-social practices in Nigeria. The paper concludes that large sums of government revenue have been undermined by the anti-social practices of the Nigerian political and economic elite (both local and international), which have enriched a few, but impoverished most, Nigerians. Practical implications As a consequence of recurring corrupt practices in Nigeria, there is a pressing need for reform to curb these practices which have had, and continue to have, a serious effect on Nigeria and its future development. Originality/value It provides a framework for understanding and explaining the inter-relations of actors and institutional structures and the linkages and influences that have shaped the practices in Nigeria.

Understanding the Role of the European Court of Justice in European Integration

2012 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
CLIFFORD J. CARRUBA ◽  
MATTHEW GABEL ◽  
CHARLES HANKLA
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
European Court Of Justice ◽  
Political Constraints ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
European Court ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

In 2008 we published an article finding evidence for political constraints on European Court of Justice (ECJ) decision making. Stone Sweet and Brunell (this issue) argue that our theoretical foundations are fundamentally flawed and that our empirical evidence supports neofunctionalism over intergovernmentalism “in a landslide.” We respectfully disagree with Stone Sweet and Brunell regarding both their conclusions about our theoretical arguments and what the empirical evidence demonstrates. We use this response to clarify our argument and to draw a clearer contrast between our and their perspective on the role the ECJ plays in European integration. Finally, we reevaluate their neofunctionalist hypotheses. Ultimately, we do not find support in the data for Stone Sweet and Brunell's empirical claims.

ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND THE LEGACIES OF A DEVELOPMENTAL STATE: SINGAPORE ENTERPRISES VENTURING ACROSS NATIONAL BORDERS

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 485-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
HEIDI DAHLES
Keyword(s):  
Developmental State ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Domestic Firms ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

This article aims at contributing to a more profound understanding of the relationship between the developmental state and private entrepreneurial activity, in particular the internationalization of business ventures. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in Singapore, this article attempts to identify the role of the Singapore developmental state in orchestrating the strategies of domestic firms establishing themselves in foreign markets. From the 1960s, the Singapore government has neglected small domestic firms — its legacy of the colonial past — for diverse economic and political reasons. Initially offsetting the influence of Western culture through the establishment of foreign companies, the government changed its tune, harnessing 'Asian' values and institutional norms to facilitate ventures into China. Altering between different legacies created ambivalence and shifting coalitions with foreign economies. Striking divergence from government directives has been found in the ways in which Singaporean firms go about when venturing across borders and, in particular, when drawing on the city state's legacies to give their ventures legitimacy and meaning. This divergence raises questions about the role of the Singapore state as the paragon of institutional legacy for its domestic businesses.

The Politics of Innovation Policy: Building Israel’s “Neo-developmental” State

2020 ◽  
pp. 003232922094552
Author(s):  
Erez Maggor
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Subsequent Transformation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Private Actors

This article contributes to an emerging literature on the “neo” or “entrepreneurial” developmental state that emphasizes the role of innovation policy in promoting the structural transformation of industry. It finds further evidence that supports this approach and advances it by making two unique contributions. First, it highlights an essential yet underappreciated feature of contemporary innovation policy: the state’s capacity to condition public assistance and discipline private firms that do not adhere to government guidelines. These capacities are necessary to guarantee that the benefits of public investment in innovation—the social and economic spillovers—are not appropriated by private actors but shared more broadly within society. Second, it highlights that politics—reflected in the relations between innovation agencies and key social actors—represents an important causal factor in both the formation and subsequent transformation of these institutional capacities. These points are illustrated through a historical analysis of a crucial case: the state-led development of Israel’s thriving high-tech sector.

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