The Problem of Motion Sickness and Its Implications for Automated Driving

2022 ◽  
pp. 123-150
Author(s):  
Lukas Kirst ◽  
Benjamin Ernst ◽  
Alexander Kern ◽  
Marco Steinhauser
Keyword(s):  
Motion Sickness ◽  
Automated Driving

scholarly journals Mitigating Motion Sickness in Automated Vehicles with Vibration Cue System

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daofei Li ◽  
Linhui Chen
Keyword(s):  
Motion Sickness ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
System Development ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Automated Vehicles ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
User Friendliness ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Vehicle Movement

<p>Motion sickness is very common in road transport. To guarantee ride comfort and user experience, there is an urgent need for effective solutions to motion sickness mitigation in semi- and fully-automated vehicles. Considering both effectiveness and user-friendliness, a vibration cue system is proposed to inform passengers of the upcoming vehicle movement through tactile stimulation. By integrating the motion planning results from automated driving algorithms, the vibration cueing timing and patterns are optimized with the theory of motion anticipation. Using a cushion-based prototype of vibration cue system, 20 participants were invited to evaluate this solution in two conditions of driving simulator experiments. Results show that with the proposed vibration cue system, it could also help participants to comprehend the cues and to generate motion anticipation. The participants’ motion sickness degrees were significantly lowered. This research may serve as one foundation for the detailed system development in practical applications.</p><p>(This article has been accepted for publication in <i>Ergonomics</i>, published by Taylor & Francis.)</p><br>

scholarly journals Methodological Considerations Concerning Motion Sickness Investigations during Automated Driving

Information ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Mühlbacher ◽  
Markus Tomzig ◽  
Katharina Reinmüller ◽  
Lena Rittger
Keyword(s):  
Motion Sickness ◽  
Driving Simulation ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Significant Percentage ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
Real Vehicle

Automated driving vehicles will allow all occupants to spend their time with various non-driving related tasks like relaxing, working, or reading during the journey. However, a significant percentage of people is susceptible to motion sickness, which limits the comfort of engaging in those tasks during automated driving. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the phenomenon of motion sickness during automated driving and to develop countermeasures. As most existing studies concerning motion sickness are fundamental research studies, a methodology for driving studies is yet missing. This paper discusses methodological aspects for investigating motion sickness in the context of driving including measurement tools, test environments, sample, and ethical restrictions. Additionally, methodological considerations guided by different underlying research questions and hypotheses are provided. Selected results from own studies concerning motion sickness during automated driving which were conducted in a motion-based driving simulation and a real vehicle are used to support the discussion.

scholarly journals Older Drivers’ Motion and Simulator Sickness before and after Automated Vehicle Exposure

Safety ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Sherrilene Classen ◽  
Seung Woo Hwangbo ◽  
Justin Mason ◽  
James Wersal ◽  
Jason Rogers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motion Sickness ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Older Drivers ◽  
Simulator Sickness ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Assessment Questionnaire ◽  
Age And Sex

Older drivers desire independence in mobility, and automated vehicles hold plausible opportunities to realize this goal. Motion sickness (automated shuttle exposure) or simulator sickness (automated driving simulator exposure) may affect acceptance of these technologies. This study investigated the onset of motion and simulator sickness in older drivers (mean age = 74.29, SD = 5.96; female = 54%) after exposure to an automated shuttle and automated driving simulator and assessed age and sex as determinants of motion and/or simulator sickness. Using a repeated measures design, 104 older drivers were randomly allocated to the shuttle and simulator. Baseline, as well as post exposures, were measured using the Motion Sickness Assessment Questionnaire (domains: sweatiness, queasiness, dizziness, nauseousness). Older drivers who were exposed to the simulator show a statistically significant increase in simulator sickness symptoms across the four domains compared to the same group being tested in the shuttle. No age and sex differences were detected within the groups and no participants dropped out of the study due to motion or simulator sickness. The automated shuttle and simulator hold plausible opportunities for continued exposure of older drivers to these technologies, as long as motion or driving simulator sickness protocols are used properly.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Human–Machine Interface for Motion Sickness Mitigation Utilizing Anticipatory Ambient Light Cues in a Realistic Automated Driving Setting

Information ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Rebecca Hainich ◽  
Uwe Drewitz ◽  
Klas Ihme ◽  
Jan Lauermann ◽  
Mathias Niedling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motion Sickness ◽  
Mitigation Strategy ◽  
Human Machine Interface ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Ambient Light ◽  
Automated Vehicles ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Test Track ◽  
Physical Discomfort ◽  
Machine Interface

Motion sickness (MS) is a syndrome associated with symptoms like nausea, dizziness, and other forms of physical discomfort. Automated vehicles (AVs) are potent at inducing MS because users are not adapted to this novel form of transportation, are provided with less information about the own vehicle’s trajectory, and are likely to engage in non-driving related tasks. Because individuals with an especially high MS susceptibility could be limited in their use of AVs, the demand for MS mitigation strategies is high. Passenger anticipation has been shown to have a modulating effect on symptoms, thus mitigating MS. To find an effective mitigation strategy, the prototype of a human–machine interface (HMI) that presents anticipatory ambient light cues for the AV’s next turn to the passenger was evaluated. In a realistic driving study with participants (N = 16) in an AV on a test track, an MS mitigation effect was evaluated based on the MS increase during the trial. An MS mitigation effect was found within a highly susceptible subsample through the presentation of anticipatory ambient light cues. The HMI prototype was proven to be effective regarding highly susceptible users. Future iterations could alleviate MS in field settings and improve the acceptance of AVs.

scholarly journals The effect of peripheral visual feedforward system in enhancing situation awareness and mitigating motion sickness in fully automated driving

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 678-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juffrizal Karjanto ◽  
Nidzamuddin Md. Yusof ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Jacques Terken ◽  
Frank Delbressine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motion Sickness ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Fully Automated Driving

Gaining Situation Awareness through a Vibrotactile Display to Mitigate Motion Sickness in Fully-Automated Driving Cars

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 7771-7783
Author(s):  
Nidzamuddin Md. Yusof ◽  
J. Karjanto ◽  
J. M. B. Terken ◽  
F. L. M. Delbressine ◽  
G. W. M. Rauterberg
Keyword(s):  
Motion Sickness ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Information Need ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Wizard Of Oz ◽  
Subjective Measurements ◽  
Fully Automated Driving ◽  
Vibrotactile Display

Many previous studies mention that passive drivers or passengers of fully-automated driving cars have less awareness of the surrounding and more experience to motion sickness symptoms when engaging in non-driving tasks. This occurrence is especially magnified when riding in an urban area with lots of junctions and corners. The aim of the current study is to investigate the effects of peripheral information about upcoming manoeuvres through a vibrotactile display in increasing the fully-automated driving car passengers’ awareness of situations and mitigating their motion sickness level. Twenty participants took part in the experiment which used a Wizard of Oz method to simulate autonomous driving, and the experiment was conducted in an instrumented car on a real road environment. Objective and subjective measurements were gathered. The results show that the implementation of the vibrotactile display increased situation awareness but failed to reduce the motion sickness. This study concludes that in order to mitigate motion sickness inside a fully-automated driving car, more specific information need to be included in the peripheral information. In addition, a device that can actively help in controlling the posture movements should also be implemented in the vehicle.

Vestibular Function and Motion Sickness Susceptibility: Videonystagmographic Evidence From Oculomotor and Caloric Tests

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-198
Author(s):  
Cynthia G. Fowler ◽  
Margaret Dallapiazza ◽  
Kathleen Talbot Hadsell
Keyword(s):  
Phase Velocity ◽  
Motion Sickness ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Vestibular Function ◽  
Slow Phase ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Slow Phase Velocity ◽  
Caloric Tests

Purpose Motion sickness (MS) is a common condition that affects millions of individuals. Although the condition is common and can be debilitating, little research has focused on the vestibular function associated with susceptibility to MS. One causal theory of MS is an asymmetry of vestibular function within or between ears. The purposes of this study, therefore, were (a) to determine if the vestibular system (oculomotor and caloric tests) in videonystagmography (VNG) is associated with susceptibility to MS and (b) to determine if these tests support the theory of an asymmetry between ears associated with MS susceptibility. Method VNG was used to measure oculomotor and caloric responses. Fifty young adults were recruited; 50 completed the oculomotor tests, and 31 completed the four caloric irrigations. MS susceptibility was evaluated with the Motion Sickness Susceptibility Questionnaire–Short Form; in this study, percent susceptibility ranged from 0% to 100% in the participants. Participants were divided into three susceptibility groups (Low, Mid, and High). Repeated-measures analyses of variance and pairwise comparisons determined significance among the groups on the VNG test results. Results Oculomotor test results revealed no significant differences among the MS susceptibility groups. Caloric stimuli elicited responses that were correlated positively with susceptibility to MS. Slow-phase velocity was slowest in the Low MS group compared to the Mid and High groups. There was no significant asymmetry between ears in any of the groups. Conclusions MS susceptibility was significantly and positively correlated with caloric slow-phase velocity. Although asymmetries between ears are purported to be associated with MS, asymmetries were not evident. Susceptibility to MS may contribute to interindividual variability of caloric responses within the normal range.

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